IntelliJ：获得Spring + Gradle + JUnit项目在IDE中工作

Question

我目前正在尝试使用Gradle和IntelliJ IDEA（14.1.7）设置示例Spring项目。 Spring配置通过类路径XML文件完成，该文件位于默认文件夹src/main/resources/处。

Gradle构建和测试工作得很好（从命令行）。但是，我无法设置正确的运行配置以在IntelliJ中进行测试和运行：我总是会收到错误消息，抱怨无法找到XML文件。

目录结构：

(Project root) 
+- build 
    +- classes 
    +- main 
     +- (.class files) 
    +- test 
     +- (.class files) 
    +- resources 
    +- main 
     +- spring-config.xml (copied from /src/main/resources by Gradle) 
    +- ... 
+- src 
    +- main 
    +- java 
     +- test 
     +- sia 
      +- HelloApp.java 
      +- HelloService.java 
    +- resources 
     +- spring-config.xml 
    +- test 
    +- java 
     +- test 
     +- sia 
      +- SpringAppTests.java 
    +- resources 
     +- (empty directory) 
+- ... 

HelloApp.java：

package test.sia; 

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 

public class HelloApp { 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
     ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml"); 
     HelloService helloService = context.getBean(HelloService.class); 
     System.out.println(helloService.sayHello()); 
    } 
} 

SpringAppTests.java：

package test.sia; 

import org.junit.Test; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 

import static junit.framework.Assert.*; 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-config.xml") 
public class SpringAppTests { 
    @Autowired 
    private HelloService helloService; 

    @Test 
    public void testSayHello() { 
     assertEquals("Hello world!", helloService.sayHello()); 
    } 
} 

的运行中的IntelliJ构型分别BEF运行classes和testClasses摇篮任务矿石发射。类路径从该项目的IntelliJ模块继承。虽然模块配置GUI不提供直接设置类路径的功能，但您只能设置编译器输出的路径 - 已正确设置为/build/classes/main和/build/classes/test。项目中的所有来源+资源文件夹都已正确标记。

当试图运行测试：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext 
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191) 
    at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128) 
    at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) 
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) 
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140) 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [spring-config.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [spring-config.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:252) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:257) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:124) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:108) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:251) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116) 
    ... 36 more 
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [spring-config.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist 
    at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:172) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:330) 
    ... 48 more 

当试图运行的应用程序本身：

20.08.2016 20:54:11 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh 
INFO: Refreshing org[email protected]6037fb1e: startup date [Sat Aug 20 20:54:11 CEST 2016]; root of context hierarchy 
20.08.2016 20:54:11 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions 
INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring-config.xml] 
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [spring-config.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [spring-config.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:252) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:612) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:513) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83) 
    at de.julianrupp.sia.HelloApp.main(HelloApp.java:8) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140) 
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [spring-config.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist 
    at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:172) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:330) 
    ... 18 more 

我只发现了类似的事情它是一个2岁的问题建议将文件引用更改为.java文件中的XML配置文件以包含通配符。除了我的立场，这不是一个可行的解决方案（我可能在无法改变这些路径的项目上工作），它也不适用于我。该错误消息然后只是改变，说它找不到该bean。

有谁知道如何正确设置它？

Answer 1

看来我终于自己找到了解决方案。

对于其他人坚持着同样的问题 -

我不得不把资源和测试资源文件夹明确添加为项目设置“图书馆与Java类”，如所描述here（它的IntelliJ V13，但它在v14中的工作原理相同）

请参阅附加的项目设置配置截图。