Pycrypto安装致命错误：找不到gmp.h文件

Question

似乎有一些人有过类似的问题，但是，经过多次搜索后，我一直没能找到适合我的特定解决方案建筑。我试图安装Pycrypto（作为Fabric的子公司）无济于事。

我正在运行Mac 10.8.2，python 2.7.3通过Homebrew和XCode 4.6 - 使用pip或easy_install进行安装（我尝试了两种方法）。从我所知道的问题来看，问题可能与我的XCode版本有关，也可能与我的库有关。 XCode的命令行工具已经安装，我已经尝试将setenv ARCHFLAGS "-arch i386 -arch x86_64"放在我的.cshrc文件中。我也试过ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer /Developer。至于图书馆，我试图通过ln -s /usr/local/lib/libgmp.dylib /usr/lib/libgmp.dylib将它们链接起来 - 但这也行不通。

无论我尝试什么角度，错误总是相同的（见下文）。任何和所有的帮助，将不胜感激。

/usr/local/share/python% pip install pycrypto 
Downloading/unpacking pycrypto 
    Running setup.py egg_info for package pycrypto 

Installing collected packages: pycrypto 
    Running setup.py install for pycrypto 
    building 'Crypto.PublicKey._fastmath' extension 
    /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -mmacosx-version-min=10.8 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk -Wno-unused-value -Wno-empty-body -Qunused-arguments -fwrapv -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -std=c99 -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -Isrc/ -I/usr/include/ -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c src/_fastmath.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/src/_fastmath.o 
src/_fastmath.c:36:11: fatal error: 'gmp.h' file not found 
# include <gmp.h> 
     ^
1 error generated. 
error: command '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit status 1 
Complete output from command /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/var/folders/ym/v8l23q_x2xz_qhx3m84n6ym00005fr/T/pip-build/pycrypto/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /var/folders/ym/v8l23q_x2xz_qhx3m84n6ym00005fr/T/pip-Xb7nGV-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed: 
running install 

running build 

running build_py 

running build_ext 

running build_configure 

building 'Crypto.PublicKey._fastmath' extension 

/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -mmacosx-version-min=10.8 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk -Wno-unused-value -Wno-empty-body -Qunused-arguments -fwrapv -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -std=c99 -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -Isrc/ -I/usr/include/ -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c src/_fastmath.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/src/_fastmath.o 

src/_fastmath.c:36:11: fatal error: 'gmp.h' file not found 

# include <gmp.h> 

    ^

1 error generated. 

error: command '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain /usr/bin/clang' failed with exit status 1 

---------------------------------------- 
Command /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/var/folders/ym/v8l23q_x2xz_qhx3m84n6ym00005fr/T/pip-build/pycrypto/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /var/folders/ym/v8l23q_x2xz_qhx3m84n6ym00005fr/T/pip-Xb7nGV-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed failed with error code 1 in /var/folders/ym/v8l23q_x2xz_qhx3m84n6ym00005fr/T/pip-build/pycrypto 
Storing complete log in /Users/me/.pip/pip.log 

当我尝试调用面料的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/usr/local/share/python/fab", line 5, in <module> 
from pkg_resources import load_entry_point 
    File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/distribute-0.6.28-py2.7.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 2815, in <module> 
working_set.require(__requires__) 
    File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/distribute-0.6.28-py2.7.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 690, in require 
needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements)) 
    File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/distribute-0.6.28-py2.7.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 588, in resolve 
raise DistributionNotFound(req) 
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: pycrypto>=2.1,!=2.4 

Answer 1

我终于明白了我的问题的根源是在面料和Pycrypto的版本之间的不兼容。一旦我将我的Fabric版本降级到1.2.6，我就不会再出现上述错误。然后，我用tutorial作为跳板。但是，尽管教程和旧版本的Fabric，我仍然得到了PyCrypto >= 2.1, !=2.4错误。我最终从源代码安装了Pycrypto 2.2（因为显然pip只会安装v 2.0.1，即使指定pip -Iv install pycrypto==2.2每this和v.2.6导致gmp.h错误）。最后，一切都奏效了。

Answer 2

只需连接gmppylib是没有帮助的，因为pycrpto需要编写一些C文件，其中将包括gmp.h.您应该安装包含gmp.h的GMP库。看来你必须在Mac OS上安装GMP。以下两个链接应该对你有所帮助。

• Installation of gmp and mpfr on Mac OS X
• Installing GMP on MacOS X with Xcode

Answer 3

这里是为我工作的修正：但崩溃

https://medium.com/software-bugs/84afab886a1e

您需要创建的基础上加装头一个符号链接包含路径（-I）。例如：

建筑物Crypto.PublicKey._fastmath'延伸

/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -fno严格走样-fno- common -dynamic -pipe -march = native -mmacosx-version-min = 10.7 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.7.sdk -isystem/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.7.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.7.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.7.sdk/usr/X11/include -Wno-unused-value - Wno-empty-body -Qunused-arguments -fwrap v -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -std = c99 -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -Isrc/* -I/usr/include/- * I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c src/_fastmath.c -o build/temp。MacOSX的-10.7-x86_64-2.7/src目录/ _fastmath.o

的src/_fastmath.c：36：11：致命错误：未找到

Answer 4

我能得到PyCrypto安装 'gmp.h' 文件使用下面的命令：

CFLAGS=-I/opt/local/include pip install pycrypto 

我必须通过安装MacPorts的GMP，在OSX 10.8.3使用Python 2.7.2在python.org上运行。在这种情况下，我正在安装到virtualenv中。

我得到以下警告当使用PyCrypto，但它仍然有效：

/Users/me/.virtualenvs/blah/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Crypto/Util/number.py:57: PowmInsecureWarning: Not using mpz_powm_sec. You should rebuild using libgmp >= 5 to avoid timing attack vulnerability. 
    _warn("Not using mpz_powm_sec. You should rebuild using libgmp >= 5 to avoid timing attack vulnerability.", PowmInsecureWarning) 

Answer 5

如果使用自制，这应该做的伎俩：

brew install gmp 
env "CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib" pip install pycrypto 

使用ENV将保证它只适用于这一次。如果您需要稍后在另一个会话中安装pycrypto，请改为输出该变量。

export "CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib" 
pip install pycrypto