Bash - CD变成不可变目录的可变URL

Question

这就是这种情况。我有一个需要提取和设置的URL列表。它的所有变量驱动，但在我解压后，我不知道我的文件夹将被调用。如果我不知道它叫什么，我不能将CD放入它。

$DL_DIR = /opt/ 
$URL = http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.3.3.tar.gz 
$FILE=${URL##*/} 
$CONFIG = "-- core" 

cd "$DL_DIR" 
wget $URL 
tar xzf $FILE 
cd <HOW DO I GO INTO IT?> 
./configure "$CONFIG" 
make 
make install 
rm $FILE 

如果这不解释，请说。我真的想要通过这个问题，但我很难解释它。

因为我希望它适用于任何可能有两种格式（如“.tar.gz”或一种格式为“.zip”）的URL，并且可能具有。的文件名如“Python2.3.4”或可能不是“Nginx”，它使它有点棘手。

Answer 1

#! /bin/bash 
    # 
    # Problem: 
    # find the path of the "root" folder in an archive 
    # 
    # Strategy: 
    # list all folders in the archive. 
    # sort the list to make sure the shortest path is at the top. 
    # print the first line 
    # 
    # Weak point: 
    # assumes that tar tf and unzip -l will list files in a certain way 
    # that is: paths ending with/and that the file-list of unzip -l 
    # is in the fourth column. 
    # 

    LIST_FILES= 
    FILE=$1 
    case ${FILE##*.} in 
     gz) 
     LIST_FILES="tar tf $FILE" 
     ;; 
     tgz) 
     LIST_FILES="tar tf $FILE" 
     ;; 
     zip) 
     LIST_FILES='unzip -l '$FILE' | awk "{print \$4}"' 
     ;; 
    esac 
    ARCHIVE_ROOT=$(
    echo $LIST_FILES | sh |\ 
     grep '/$'|\ 
     sort |\ 
     head -n1 
    ) 

    # we should have what we need by now, go ahead and extract the files. 
    if [ -d "$ARCHIVE_ROOT" ]; then 
     cd "$ARCHIVE_ROOT" 
    else 
     # there is no path (whoever made the archive is a jerk) 
     # ...or the script failed (see weak points) 
     exit 1 
    fi 

Answer 2

extract_dir=$(tar -tf $FILE | cut -d/ -f1 | uniq) 
cd $extract_dir 

或

extract_dir=$(tar -tf $FILE | head -1 | cut -d/ -f1) 
cd $extract_dir 

或

ls > .dir_list_1 # save current directory listing as hidden file 
tar xzf $FILE  # extract the $FILE 
ls > .dir_list_2 # save the directory listing after extraction... 
        # ...as another hidden file 
# diff two lists saved in hidden files, this will help you get the created dir 
# grep '>' symbol, to get the inserted line 
# use head to get the dir in case there are multiple lines (not necessary) 
# use cut to remove the '>' and get the actual dir name, store in extract_dir 
extract_dir=$(diff .dir_list_1 .dir_list_2 | grep '>' | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f2) 
# remove temporary files 
rm .dir_list_* 
cd $extract_dir 

Answer 3

如果你知道有将是在$ DL_DIR只有一个目录，那么你可以使用：

 
cd `ls -m1` 

另一种方法是循环遍历文件目录：

 
for filename in "$DL_DIR"/* 
do 
    echo $filename 
done; 

您可以根据需要执行文件测试和其他检查。

Answer 4

如何：

rm -rf tmpdir 
mkdir tmpdir && cd tmpdir || exit 
wget "$URL" || exit 1 
case "$(ls)" in 
    *.tar.gz|*.tgz) 
    tar xzf $(ls) 
    ;; 
    *.zip) 
    unzip $(ls) 
    ;; 
esac 
for d in $(ls -d) 
do 
    (cd "$d" 2>/dev/null && ./configure && make && make install;) 
done 

Answer 5

我会说，用$剥离文件的扩展名{FILE ## *}，并使用$使用目录名左右做其他的方式{FILE％ .ext *}：

case ${FILE##*.} in 
    gz) 
    tar xf $FILE 
    cd ${FILE%.tar.gz*} 
    ;; 
    tgz) 
    tar xf $FILE 
    cd ${FILE%.tgz*} 
    ;; 
    zip) 
    unzip $FILE 
    cd ${FILE%.zip*} 
    ;; 
esac

只有一个小问题：如何知道存档中的目录是否与存档本身具有相同的名称？