如何使用xml模式验证xml？

Question

是否可以使用以下模式验证以下xml？ 我想验证xml而不指定xml文件中的模式。

我不确定这是否可行，但希望得到一些帮助，找出如何做到这一点。

当我尝试验证xml时，我总是收到以下错误。

org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'contacts'. 

<?xml version="1.0" ?> 
<contacts> 
    <contact> 
     <names>Joe Buddah</names> 
     <address>123 Black Jack Cove</address> 
     <phone>555-555-1212</phone> 
    </contact> 
    <contact> 
     <name>Ray Buddah</name> 
     <address>123 Black Jack Cove</address> 
     <phone>555-555-1212</phone> 
    </contact> 
</contacts> 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="http://madeupdomain.com/xml/contacts" xmlns:tns="http://madeupdomain.com/contacts" elementFormDefault="qualified"> 
    <complexType name="contactType"> 
     <sequence> 
      <element name="name" type="string" maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1"></element> 
      <element name="address" type="string"></element> 
      <element name="phone" type="string"></element> 
     </sequence> 
    </complexType> 
    <complexType name="contactsType"> 
     <sequence> 
      <element name="contact" type="tns:contactType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"></element> 
     </sequence> 
    </complexType> 
    <element name="contacts" type="tns:contactsType"></element> 
</schema> 

我正在用来验证的Java代码。

static final String JAXP_SCHEMA_SOURCE = "http://java.sun.com/xml/jaxp/properties/schemaSource"; 

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException 
    { 
     DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
     documentBuilderFactory.setNamespaceAware(true); 
     documentBuilderFactory.setAttribute(JAXP_SCHEMA_SOURCE, new File("src/main/resources/contacts.xsd")); 

     // parse an XML document into a DOM tree 
     DocumentBuilder parser = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder(); 

     Document document = parser.parse(new File("src/main/resources/contacts.xml")); 

     // create a SchemaFactory capable of understanding WXS schemas 
     SchemaFactory factory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI); 

     // load a WXS schema, represented by a Schema instance 
     Source schemaFile = new StreamSource(new File("src/main/resources/patient.xsd")); 
     Schema schema = factory.newSchema(schemaFile); 

     // create a Validator instance, which can be used to validate an instance document 
     Validator validator = schema.newValidator(); 

     // validate the DOM tree 
     try 
     { 
      validator.validate(new DOMSource(document)); 
     } 
     catch (SAXException e) 
     { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
     } 

Answer 1

您可以修改XML架构来代替。从模式中删除targetNamespace。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> 
    <xsd:complexType name="contactType"> 
     <xsd:sequence> 
     <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1"/> 
     <xsd:element name="address" type="xsd:string"/> 
     <xsd:element name="phone" type="xsd:string"/> 
    </xsd:sequence> 
    </xsd:complexType> 
    <xsd:complexType name="contactsType"> 
     <xsd:sequence> 
     <xsd:element name="contact" type="contactType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> 
     </xsd:sequence> 
    </xsd:complexType> 
    <xsd:element name="contacts" type="contactsType"/> 
</xsd:schema> 

Answer 2

http://www.edankert.com/apis/jaxp.document-builder-factory.schema-validation.html

factory.setValidating(true) 

编辑 - 没关系，我没有看到 “不指定模式” 在我第一次读;）

Answer 3

可能是一个恼人的命名空间的问题。元素contact在名称空间http://madeupdomain.com/xml/contacts中定义，但xml文档中的实际contacts元素位于默认名称空间中。

这可能已经删除错误：

<contacts xmlns="http://madeupdomain.com/xml/contacts"> 
    <contact> 
     <names>Joe Buddah</names> 
     <address>123 Black Jack Cove</address> 
     <phone>555-555-1212</phone> 
    </contact> 
    <contact> 
     <name>Ray Buddah</name> 
     <address>123 Black Jack Cove</address> 
     <phone>555-555-1212</phone> 
    </contact> 
</contacts>