为什么在范围上使用合并方法不再适用于Rails 3.1？

Question

我偶然发现了约on Rails的范围精彩的文章3+：http://edgerails.info/articles/what-s-new-in-edge-rails/2010/02/23/the-skinny-on-scopes-formerly-named-scope/index.html

您可以阅读那里（在“疯狂城市”一节），它可能合并来自不同的模型范围如下：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 

    scope :published, lambda { 
    joins(:posts).group("users.id") & Post.published 
    } 
end 

正如预期其工作，并允许你做：

User.published.to_sql 
#=> SELECT users.* FROM "users" 
# INNER JOIN "posts" ON "posts"."author_id" = "users"."id" 
# WHERE (posts.published_at IS NOT NULL AND posts.published_at <= '2010-02-27 02:55:45.063181') 
# GROUP BY users.id 

我试过这个方法在我的Rails 3.1的项目，显然它不工作了。

因此，我克隆了文章的Rails 3.0.0-beta1项目，我的眼睛看到这些家伙没有说谎，而且事情正在按照他们的方式工作。

然后我3.1'ed起来，现在我得到：

ruby-1.9.2-p290 :003 > User.published.to_sql 
    User Load (0.3ms) SELECT "users".* FROM "users" INNER JOIN "posts" ON "posts"."author_id" = "users"."id" GROUP BY users.id 
    Post Load (0.2ms) SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE (posts.published_at IS NOT NULL AND posts.published_at <= '2011-10-05 11:45:00.512231') 
    User Load (0.1ms) SELECT "users".* FROM "users" 
NoMethodError: undefined method `to_sql' for []:Array 
    from (irb):3 
    from /home/jerefrer/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/railties-3.1.0/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:45:in `start' 
    from /home/jerefrer/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/railties-3.1.0/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:8:in `start' 
    from /home/jerefrer/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/railties-3.1.0/lib/rails/commands.rb:40:in `<top (required)>' 
    from script/rails:9:in `require' 
    from script/rails:9:in `<main>' 

==>不工作了。

这让我很难过，因为范围合并非常棒，现在我不能像我想要的那样干。

你知道：

• 什么在两个版本之间发生了什么？
• 还有其他方法可以做到吗？

Answer 1

&方法看起来不再像它的工作（太糟糕了，我发现语法很整齐）。你可以用ActiveRecord::Relation#merge替换为：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 

    scope :published, lambda { 
    joins(:posts).group("users.id").merge(Post.published) 
    } 
end 

编辑

它看起来像它不会回来，在轨道3.0.10尝试它给出了一个弃用警告：

DEPRECATION WARNING: Using & to merge relations has been deprecated and will be removed in Rails 3.1. Please use the relation's merge method, instead. 

以下是承诺弃用它，以防某人感兴趣：https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/66003f596452aba927312c4218dfc8d408166d54