CentOS 7 静默安装oracle 11R2 ，并手动创建数据库 createdatabase
官方文档：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCCADGD
需要的安装包：
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
yum 进行安装：
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686
创建oinstall和dba组
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
创建oracle用户
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
设置oracle用户密码
passwd oracle
验证创建是否正确
[root@node1001 ~]# id oracle
uid=1000(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) 组=1000(oinstall),1001(dba)
配置内核参数
[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
参数的值不能小于上面的配置，这是oracle官方建议的最小值，生产环境建议调整这些参数，以优化系统性能。
修改后使之生效
/sbin/sysctl -p
修改用户限制
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
#在末尾添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
创建安装目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/
配置环境变量
su - oracle
vim .bash_profile
#在文件尾追加：
#oracle数据库安装目录
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
#oracle数据库路径
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
#oracle启动数据库实例名
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
#添加系统环境变量
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
#添加系统环境变量
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
使bash_profile生效：
source .bash_profile
解压oracle 数据库安装包
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
修改静默安装配置文件 /home/oracle 为oracle安装文件目录
vim /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp
配置内容为：
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY // 安装类型
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1001// 主机名称（hostname查询）
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall // 安装组
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory //INVENTORY目录（不填就是默认值）
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1 //oracle_home
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE // oracle版本
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false //自定义安装，否，使用默认组件
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba / / dba用户组
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用户组
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl //SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M)
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false //（手动写了false）
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true //设置安全更新（貌似是有bug，这个一定要选true，否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题，终止安装。PS：不管地址对不对）
开始静默安装
[oracle@node1001 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp
查看安装目录
tail -f /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-08-31_06-56-29PM.log
出现类似如下提示表示安装完成：
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
切换到root用户执行sh脚本
su - root
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/root.sh
切换到oracle用户，配置监听程序
su - oracle
netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
手动编辑监听文件
vim $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
监听文件内容
# listener.ora Network Configuration File:
/u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
#LISTENER =
# (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
# (DESCRIPTION =
# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node1003)(PORT = 1521))
# )
# )
#ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.64.4)(PORT = 1521))
)
启动监听程序
lsnrctl start
编辑数据库控制文件，根据实际情况编辑
vim $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oradata/orcl/ora_control1'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/fast_recovery_area'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app'
*.memory_target=8G
*.open_cursors=150
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
启动数据库，准备创建数据库
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup mount;
=======手动创建数据库语句如下：=============================================
根据实际情况执行调整
create database orcl
maxlogfiles 5
maxlogmembers 5
maxdatafiles 100
maxinstances 1
logfile
group 1 ('/u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo1.log') size 200m,
group 2 ('/u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo2.log') size 200m,
group 3 ('/u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo3.log') size 200m
datafile
'/u01/app/oradata/orcl/system.dbf' size 200m reuse
sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux.dbf' size 300m
default tablespace users
datafile '/u01/app/oradata/orcl/userdata.dbf' size 300m
undo tablespace undotbs1
datafile '/u01/app/oradata/orcl/undo1.dbf' size 300m
default temporary tablespace temp1
tempfile '/u01/app/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
size 100m reuse
character set al32utf8
手动创建完数据库后，sqlplus 下先后执行相关脚本文件
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
执行完成之后，数据库创建完成，查看数据库状态
select status from v$instance;