C＃通过Excel过程销毁多个Excel对象的正确方法销毁

Question

我有一个C＃控制台程序。运行时，它会实例化一些Excel对象，如：（openExcelO）。

当程序运行完毕，我有一个关闭Excel（closeExcel）的方法，它应该能够正确地清理Excel进程。在任务管理器中，我可以看到剩余的Excel剩余部分。关停程序从互联网的例子拼凑起来：

private void openExcelO (string dir) { 

     try { 
      xlApp = new Excel.Application(); 
      xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(dir + "PortfolioOptimization5.xlsm", 
       0, false, 5, "", "", true, 
       Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlPlatform.xlWindows, 
       "\t", false, false, 0, true, 1, 0); 
      xlMarkowitz = (Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkBook.Sheets["Markowitz"]; 
      xlWeights = (Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkBook.Sheets["Weights"]; 

     } catch (Exception ex) { 
      ReportError("PortfolioOptimization", "openExcel", ex.ToString()); 
     } 

    } 


    private void closeExcel() { 
     object misValue = System.Reflection.Missing.Value; 
     try { 

      if (xlWeights != null) releaseObject(xlWeights); 
      if (xlMarkowitz != null) releaseObject(xlMarkowitz); 

      xlWorkBook.Close(false, misValue, misValue); 
      if (xlApp != null) xlApp.Quit(); 

      if (xlWorkBook != null) releaseObject(xlWorkBook); 
      if (xlApp != null) releaseObject(xlApp); 

     } catch (Exception ex) { 
      ReportError("PortfolioOptimization", "closeExcel", ex.ToString()); 
     } 
    } 


    private void releaseObject (object obj) { 
     try { 
      System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj); 
      obj = null; 
     } catch (Exception ex) { 
      obj = null; 
      ReportError("PortfolioOptimization", "releaseObject", "Unable to release object " + ex.ToString()); 
     } finally { 
      GC.Collect(); 
     } 
    } 

如何更改关机程序正常关闭和清理Excel对象所以出现在任务管理器没有挥之不去的Excel的过程？

谢谢！

Answer 1

看起来你并没有以正确的顺序释放你的对象 - xlApp.Quit可能无法完全退出，因为你仍然持有对工作簿的引用。您需要之前发布工作簿调用Quit：

xlWorkBook.Close(false, misValue, misValue); 
releaseObject(xlWorkBook); 

xlApp.Quit(); 
releaseObject(xlApp); 

信贷必须去this StackOverflow answer：有一对夫妇，你没有关闭其他含蓄地提及，即，下面几行：

xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(...) 
xlWorkBook.Sheets["Markowitz"]; 

“Workbooks”对象没有被释放，也没有“Sheets”对象。你需要太释放这些引用，即：

var books = xlApp.Workbooks; 
books.Open(...); 
releaseObject(books); 

var sheets = xlWorkBook.Sheets; 
xlMarkowitz = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets["Markowitz"]; 
xlWeights = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets["Weights"]; 
releaseObject(sheets); 

从Bruce Barker

很好的建议：“不要使用两个点与COM对象”！