用javascript替换字符串中的多个字符

Question

我得到了这个不错的代码，我不知道为什么不起作用。为了兼容性的目的，它应该获得文本输入的值并用它的HTML代码替换每个给定的国家字符。但是，当我点击按钮时，该函数返回的字符串没有任何更改。 有什么想法？

（jsfiddle）

<a id="reminder1" onclick="document.getElementById('reminder2').style.display = ''; document.getElementById('reminder1').style.display = 'none';"> 
    Set reminder 
</a> 
<a id="reminder2" class="reminder" style="display:none;"> 
    <input type="text" id="reminderh" size=40 style="font-size:20px;"> 
    <input type="button" value="Set" onclick="csere(document.getElementById('reminderh').value);"> 
</a> 

<script> 
function csere(qwe){ 
document.getElementById('reminder2').style.display = 'none'; 

var rtz0 = qwe.replace("á","&aacute;"); 
var rtz1 = rtz0.replace("Á","&Aacute;"); 

var rtz2 = rtz1.replace("é","&eacute;"); 
var rtz3 = rtz2.replace("É","&Eacute;"); 

var rtz4 = rtz3.replace("í","&iacute;"); 
var rtz5 = rtz4.replace("Í","&Iacute;"); 

var rtz6 = rtz5.replace("ö","&ouml;"); 
var rtz7 = rtz6.replace("Ö","&Ouml;"); 
var rtz8 = rtz7.replace("ő","&&#337;"); 
var rtz9 = rtz8.replace("Ő","&#336;"); 
var rtz10 = rtz9.replace("ó","&oacute;"); 
var rtz11 = rtz10.replace("Ó","&Oacute;"); 

var rtz12 = rtz11.replace("ü","&uuml;"); 
var rtz13 = rtz12.replace("Ü","&Uuml;"); 
var rtz14 = rtz13.replace("ű","&#369;"); 
var rtz15 = rtz14.replace("Ű","&#368;"); 
var rtz16 = rtz15.replace("ú","&uacute;"); 
var uio = rtz16.replace("Ú","&Uacute;"); 

//Creates a cookie with the final value (different function) 
createCookie('reminder',uio,1500); 

document.getElementById('reminder1').style.display = ''; 
} 
</script> 

Answer 1

你可以replace一切程序，不使用命名实体：

return input.replace(/[^ -~]/g, function(chr) { 
//     ^^^^^^ 
// this is a regexp for "everything than printable ASCII-characters" 
// and even works in a ASCII-only charset. Identic: [^\u0020-\u007E] 
    return "&#"+chr.charCodeAt(0)+";"; 
}); 

如果你想使用命名的实体，您可以用键 - 值映射结合本（像在@jackwanders回答） ：

var chars = { 
    "á" : "á", 
    "Á" : "Á", 
    "é" : "é", 
    "É" : "É", 
    ... 
} 
return input.replace(/[^ -~]/g, function(chr) { 
    return (chr in chars) 
     ? chars[chr] 
     : "&#"+chr.charCodeAt(0)+";"; 
}); 

---

然而，你应该永远不需要在JavaScript中使用HTML实体。使用UTF8作为所有内容的字符编码，它将起作用。

Answer 2

我以为你是只更换一个字符的第一个实例的问题。在JavaScript中，你必须specifiy使用正则表达式这样的全球性替代对象：

var rtz0 = qwe.replace(new RegExp("á", "g"), "á"); 

这将是最好的，因为通过PPvG或jackwanders提到创建一个数组，但在其他方面ATLEAST重用现有的变量。你可以很容易地做到这一点是这样的：

qwe = qwe.replace(new RegExp("á", "g"), "á"); 
qwe = qwe.replace(new RegExp("Á", "g"), "Á"); 

Answer 3

你可以创建一个具有键/值对的对象的每个字符来代替：

var chars = { 
    "á" : "á", 
    "Á" : "Á", 
    "é" : "é", 
    "É" : "É", 
    ... 
} 

，然后在.replace调用中使用的函数：

var uio = qwe.replace(/[áÁéÉ]/g,function(c) { return chars[c]; }); 

你的对象，正则表达式显然需要扩大，包括所有你要替换

人物3210

Answer 4

这些字符受HTML页面，JavaScript页面和HTTP请求的编码影响。尝试用它们的Unicode等值替换字符：

<a id="reminder1" onclick="document.getElementById('reminder2').style.display = ''; document.getElementById('reminder1').style.display = 'none';"> 
    Set reminder 
</a> 
<a id="reminder2" class="reminder" style="display:none;"> 
    <input type="text" id="reminderh" size=40 style="font-size:20px;"> 
    <input type="button" value="Set" onclick="csere(document.getElementById('reminderh').value);"> 
</a> 

<script> 
function csere(qwe){ 
document.getElementById('reminder2').style.display = 'none'; 

var rtz0 = qwe.replace(/\u00E1/,"&aacute;"); 
var rtz1 = rtz0.replace(/\u00C1/,"&Aacute;"); 

var rtz2 = rtz1.replace(/\u00E9/,"&eacute;"); 
var rtz3 = rtz2.replace(/\u00C9/,"&Eacute;"); 

var rtz4 = rtz3.replace(/\u00ED/,"&iacute;"); 
var rtz5 = rtz4.replace(/\u00CD/,"&Iacute;"); 

var rtz6 = rtz5.replace(/\u00F6/,"&ouml;"); 
var rtz7 = rtz6.replace(/\u00D6/,"&Ouml;"); 
var rtz8 = rtz7.replace(/\u00F5/,"&&#337;"); 
var rtz9 = rtz8.replace(/\u00D5/,"&#336;"); 
var rtz10 = rtz9.replace(/\u00F3/,"&oacute;"); 
var rtz11 = rtz10.replace(/\u00D3/,"&Oacute;"); 

var rtz12 = rtz11.replace(/\u00FC/,"&uuml;"); 
var rtz13 = rtz12.replace(/\u00DC/,"&Uuml;"); 
var rtz14 = rtz13.replace(/\u0171/,"&#369;"); 
var rtz15 = rtz14.replace(/\u0170/,"&#368;"); 
var rtz16 = rtz15.replace(/\u00FA/,"&uacute;"); 
var uio = rtz16.replace(/\u00DA/,"&Uacute;"); 

//Creates a cookie with the final value (different function) 
createCookie('reminder',uio,1500); 

document.getElementById('reminder1').style.display = ''; 
} 
</script> 

仔细检查我的转换是否确定。我在Wikibooks上使用了网格。