SpringMVC环境简单搭建

1.介绍

2.搭建

2.1 创建web工程

1.新建项目

2.配置MAVEN，修改项目存放路径(必须创建自己的项目目录，不然会存在指定路径下里面)

2.2 pom添加依赖

    <!-- spring begin -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring end -->

    <!-- web jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--添加日志-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.16</version>
    </dependency>

2.3 web配置

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">
  <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>

  <!--字符集编码-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 配置springmvc -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

2.4 springmvc配置

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  					 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">


    <!-- 自动扫描该包，使SpringMVC认为包下用了注解的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zy" />

    <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀，变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 将springmvc不能处理的请求交给tomcat -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

</beans>

2.5 日志配置

log4j.properties

# Attach appender A1 to root. Set root level to Level.DEBUG.
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, Console
#设置打印到显示器上
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.Console.encoding=UTF-8
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d{yyyyMMdd hh:mm:ss}] %F.%L: %m%n

2.6 创建控制类

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Object.class);

    @RequestMapping(value = "/printHello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void printHello(@RequestBody Person person) {
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/index", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }
}

2.7 测试

1.整体结构

2.输入地址访问：http://IP:8033/SpringMVC/index

3.附加功能

3.1 json转对象

1.需要添加依赖

    <!--json包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.6</version>
    </dependency>

2.访问信息头需要设置
Content-Type:application/json;charset=UTF-8
3.后台接收：
后台控制器：后台控制在接收的参数中要先用@RequestBody先把json数据转成java对象，然后返回java对象的时候要用@ResponseBody将java对象转成json格式数据。

    @RequestMapping(value = "/printHello", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void printHello(@RequestBody Person person) {
        System.out.println("person= " + person);
    }

3.2 添加日志（不显示或乱码）

如上，根据日志级别，可以打印出一些启动或接收平时未显示的信息
若出现乱码，看看日志的编码和系统或者IDEA是否一致，可以设置成GBK来时
https://blog.****.net/u011133135/article/details/72123196
1.日志配置，其实可以不用加这个，项目里日志也会打印的

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
  </context-param>

2.日志不显示
1.查看相关jar包是否都引入完全，缺失的情况也不会打印日志的
2.查看配置文件是否存在乱码，或者有特殊字符，比如空格等(特别是从一个环境拷贝到另外一个环境
，最好是粘贴到notepad记事本中，可以查看到一些字符信息)
3.若还没有显示，则要查看一下tomcat启动的时候，哪些日志信息获取或者初始化有问题

4.Eclipse 简单搭建

手把手实战：eclipse 搭建 SpringMvc 框架环境
Eclipse设置编码格式

1.新建一个动态web项目，按目录结构把上面的代码和lib拷贝到eclipse中。如图：

2.然后配置好tomcat启动即可

参考
使用Maven搭建SpringMVC项目