contos6.5 npm安装 mysql 5.7.24
contos 7.0以上 需要先卸载mariadb
contos 6.5 跳过此步骤
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 --nodeps提前下载好安装包，或者wget下载
下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
打开网址后
Product Version 选择 5.7 最新的小版本，本文选择的是5.7.24
Operation System：选择Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
OS Version：选择 Red Hat Enterprise Linux6 / Oracle Linux （x86, 64-bit）
在下方列表中选择红框中进行下载，官方下载比较慢，可以找其他渠道下载，一定要下载匹配的版本。
下载完成后上传至服务器。
mysql-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
安装所需要的依赖包
[[email protected] ~]# yum install libaio
[[email protected] ~]# yum install net-tools
[[email protected] ~]# yum install numactl
解压文件
[[email protected]t home]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] home]# ll
总用量 929184
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 475740160 4月 11 14:30 mysql-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 23850816 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 340192 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 3798252 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 39475132 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 137599268 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 2203052 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 1723740 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 160619544 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 106117992 10月 5 2018 mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] home]#
安装mysql-server服务，只需要安装如下4个软件包即可，使用rpm -ivh进行安装（按顺序安装，后面的服务依赖前面的服务）
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm遇到如下错误解决方案：
- mysql依赖错误
- 缺少依赖包 net-tools
- 缺少依赖包 libaio
-
缺少依赖包 numactl
原因：mysql依赖错误
解决：清除yum里所有mysql依赖包
删除后，从第一个rpm包重新开始安装
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-common(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64
[email protected] home]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[[email protected] home]# yum remove mysql-libs
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-common ########################################### [100%]
原因：缺少依赖包 net-tools
解决：安装依赖
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, ** ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
[[email protected] home]# yum install net-tools原因：缺少依赖包 libaio
解决：安装依赖
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, ** ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
libaio.so.1()(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
[[email protected] home]# yum install libaio错误原因：缺失依赖包 numactl
解决方案：安装依赖
[[email protected] home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el6.x86_64
[[email protected] home]# yum install numactl
为了保证数据库目录为与文件的所有者为 mysql 登陆用户，如果你是以 root 身份运行 mysql 服务，需要执行下面的命令初始化 mysqld --initialize --user=mysql 如果是以 mysql 身份运行，则可以去掉 --user 选项。
另外 --initialize 选项默认以“安全”模式来初始化，则会为 root 用户生成一个密码并将该密码标记为过期，登陆后你需要设置一个新的密码，而使用 --initialize-insecure 命令则不使用安全模式，则不会为 root 用户生成一个密码。
这里演示使用的 --initialize 初始化的，会生成一个 root 账户密码，密码在log文件里，日志最后的就是自动生成的密码
[[email protected] home]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
[[email protected] home]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2019-04-11T08:47:56.719826Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-04-11T08:47:57.051611Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-04-11T08:47:57.122064Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-04-11T08:47:57.137970Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 80dba90f-5c36-11e9-8674-0050569f3b52.
2019-04-11T08:47:57.139932Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-04-11T08:47:57.140929Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: w71abh%H4o1w
启动mysql服务：
contos 6 和 contos7 启动命令不太一样：
centos 6 没有 systemctl命令，使用service启动
1、原来的 service 命令与 systemctl 命令对比
daemon命令 systemctl命令 说明
service [服务] start systemctl start [unit type] 启动服务
service [服务] stop systemctl stop [unit type] 停止服务
service [服务] restart systemctl restart [unit type] 重启服务
contos 6
[[email protected] home]# service mysqld start ###启动命令
正在启动 mysqld： [确定]
[[email protected] home]# service mysqld status ###查看状态
mysqld (pid 15136) 正在运行...
[[email protected] home]# service mysqld stop ###停止命令
contos 7
[[email protected] home]# systemctl start mysqld.service ###启动命令
[[email protected] home]# systemctl status mysqld.service ###查看状态
[[email protected] home]# systemctl stop mysqld.service ###关闭mysql
查看命令和查看端口
[[email protected] home]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 15266 1 0 17:13 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql
mysql 15472 15266 0 17:13 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 15507 14668 0 17:19 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
[[email protected] home]#
[[email protected] home]#
[[email protected] home]#
[[email protected] home]# netstat -anop|grep 3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 15472/mysqld off (0.00/0/0)
[[email protected] home]# 准备登录，
由于MySQL5.7.4之前的版本中默认是没有密码的，登录后直接回车就可以进入数据库，进而进行设置密码等操作。其后版本对密码等安全相关操作进行了一些改变，在安装过程中，会在安装日志中生成一个临时密码。使用下面命令找到这个临时密码。
[[email protected] home]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2019-04-11T08:47:57.140929Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: w71abh%H4o1ww71abh%H4o1w 为临时密码。
登录mysql
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ##################这里粘贴刚才的临时密码##############
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.24
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
如果不修改密码的话是没办法就行操作的，见下面提示，所以需要修改密码，如下命令：
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> set password=password('12345678'); ##########需要输入复杂的密码
或者
mysql> alter user [email protected] identified by '12345678'; ##########需要输入复杂的密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在5.6后,mysql内置密码增强机制,低强度密码会报错:
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements修改方案见此文章：安装MySQL报错 : Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
使用两种方式登录后可操作：
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p'' #####单引号内直接输入密码可直接登录
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p #####根据提示输入密码后登录
登录后可查看所有库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)远程访问需要如下操作：
- 关闭防火墙
- 授予root用户远程访问权限
#######查看防火墙状态
[[email protected] home]# service iptables status
表格：filter
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
5 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:10050
6 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
#######关闭防火墙
[[email protected] home]# service iptables stop
iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定]
iptables：清除防火墙规则： [确定]
iptables：正在卸载模块： [确定]
#######查看防火墙状态
[[email protected] home]# service iptables status
iptables：未运行防火墙。####################查询root用户远程访问权限
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select user, host from user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user | host |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants;
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION |
| GRANT PROXY ON ''@'' TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
####################授予root用户远程访问权限：
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]'%' identified by '5TGB^&8ik,';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
####################刷新权限，使设置生效
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
到这里应该就可以正常使用，记得开通到服务器的3306端口访问权限
参考的文章都是contos7的 ，6的比较少
参考文章1：centos7.2下安装mysql5.7，使用rpm包安装
参考文章2：Linux/Centos7以RPM方式安装mysql-5.7.23
参考文章3：Linux安装mysql（mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）
参考文章4：centos7下安装mysql5.7（rpm）