httpclient妙用一 httpclient作为客户端调用webservice
| httpclient妙用一 httpclient作为客户端调用webservice | http://aperise.iteye.com/blog/2223454 |
| httpclient妙用二 httpclient保持会话登录 | http://aperise.iteye.com/blog/2223470 |
| httpclient连接池 | http://aperise.iteye.com/blog/2295153 |
httpclient作为客户端调用webservice
1.个人观点
webservice框架有很多，比如axis、axis2、cxf、xFire等等，做服务端和做客户端都可行，个人感觉使用这些框架的好处是减少了对于接口信息的解析，最主要的是减少了对于传递于网络中XML的解析，代价是你不得不在你的框架中添加对于这些框架的依赖。个人观点是：服务端使用这些框架还行，如果做客户端，没必要使用这些框架，只需使用httpclient即可。
2.需求场景
已经拿到对于接口的描述文件WebServiceFromB.wsdl，需要建立客户端进行调用，WebServiceFromB.wsdl内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns:intf="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<!--WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.4
Built on Apr 22, 2006 (06:55:48 PDT)-->
<wsdl:types>
<schema targetNamespace="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<import namespace="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/>
<complexType name="OrderRequest">
<sequence>
<element name="mobile" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
<element name="orderStatus" type="xsd:int"/>
<element name="productCode" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
<complexType name="OrderResponse">
<sequence>
<element name="status" type="xsd:int"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
<complexType name="QueryRequest">
<sequence>
<element name="endTime" nillable="true" type="xsd:dateTime"/>
<element name="mobile" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
<element name="startTime" nillable="true" type="xsd:dateTime"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
<complexType name="QueryResponse">
<sequence>
<element name="product" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
<element name="status" type="xsd:int"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
</schema>
</wsdl:types>
<wsdl:message name="queryRequest">
<wsdl:part name="in0" type="impl:QueryRequest"/>
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="orderResponse">
<wsdl:part name="orderReturn" type="impl:OrderResponse"/>
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="queryResponse">
<wsdl:part name="queryReturn" type="impl:QueryResponse"/>
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="orderRequest">
<wsdl:part name="in0" type="impl:OrderRequest"/>
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:portType name="WebServiceFromB">
<wsdl:operation name="order" parameterOrder="in0">
<wsdl:input message="impl:orderRequest" name="orderRequest"/>
<wsdl:output message="impl:orderResponse" name="orderResponse"/>
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="query" parameterOrder="in0">
<wsdl:input message="impl:queryRequest" name="queryRequest"/>
<wsdl:output message="impl:queryResponse" name="queryResponse"/>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
<wsdl:binding name="WebServiceFromBSoapBinding" type="impl:WebServiceFromB">
<wsdlsoap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
<wsdl:operation name="order">
<wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>
<wsdl:input name="orderRequest">
<wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output name="orderResponse">
<wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="query">
<wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>
<wsdl:input name="queryRequest">
<wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output name="queryResponse">
<wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:service name="WebServiceFromBService">
<wsdl:port binding="impl:WebServiceFromBSoapBinding" name="WebServiceFromB">
<wsdlsoap:address location="http://localhost:8080/services/WebServiceFromB"/>
</wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>
3.获取调用报文
1.首先得安装soapUI 4.5.2,安装后打开，截图如下：
2.右键点击“Projects”创建工程，截图如下：
3.双击展开左侧创建的工程下所有节点，最后双击“Request 1”节点，在右侧即可拿到soap格式消息，这个就是我们后面作为客户端调用服务端的报文内容，截图如下：
拿到的调用order的soap消息为：
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="http://webservices.b.com">
<soapenv:Header/>
<soapenv:Body>
<web:order soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<in0 xsi:type="web:OrderRequest">
<mobile xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</mobile>
<orderStatus xsi:type="xsd:int">?</orderStatus>
<productCode xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</productCode>
</in0>
</web:order>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
拿到的调用query的soap消息为：
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="http://webservices.b.com">
<soapenv:Header/>
<soapenv:Body>
<web:query soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<in0 xsi:type="web:QueryRequest">
<endTime xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">?</endTime>
<mobile xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</mobile>
<startTime xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">?</startTime>
</in0>
</web:query>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
4.用httpclient发送soap消息
maven依赖如下：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>fluent-hc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>http-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2</version>
</dependency>
直接上代码，代码如下：
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
public class HttpClientCallSoapUtil {
static int socketTimeout = 30000;// 请求超时时间
static int connectTimeout = 30000;// 传输超时时间
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientCallSoapUtil.class);
/**
* 使用SOAP1.1发送消息
*
* @param postUrl
* @param soapXml
* @param soapAction
* @return
*/
public static String doPostSoap1_1(String postUrl, String soapXml,
String soapAction) {
String retStr = "";
// 创建HttpClientBuilder
HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
// HttpClient
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postUrl);
// 设置请求和传输超时时间
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
try {
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);
StringEntity data = new StringEntity(soapXml,
Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
httpPost.setEntity(data);
CloseableHttpResponse response = closeableHttpClient
.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
if (httpEntity != null) {
// 打印响应内容
retStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
logger.info("response:" + retStr);
}
// 释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("exception in doPostSoap1_1", e);
}
return retStr;
}
/**
* 使用SOAP1.2发送消息
*
* @param postUrl
* @param soapXml
* @param soapAction
* @return
*/
public static String doPostSoap1_2(String postUrl, String soapXml,
String soapAction) {
String retStr = "";
// 创建HttpClientBuilder
HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
// HttpClient
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postUrl);
// 设置请求和传输超时时间
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
try {
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type",
"application/soap+xml;charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);
StringEntity data = new StringEntity(soapXml,
Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
httpPost.setEntity(data);
CloseableHttpResponse response = closeableHttpClient
.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
if (httpEntity != null) {
// 打印响应内容
retStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
logger.info("response:" + retStr);
}
// 释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("exception in doPostSoap1_2", e);
}
return retStr;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String orderSoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>"
+ "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"http://webservices.b.com\">"
+ " <soapenv:Header/>"
+ " <soapenv:Body>"
+ " <web:order soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">"
+ " <in0 xsi:type=\"web:OrderRequest\">"
+ " <mobile xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</mobile>"
+ " <orderStatus xsi:type=\"xsd:int\">?</orderStatus>"
+ " <productCode xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</productCode>"
+ " </in0>" + " </web:order>"
+ " </soapenv:Body>" + "</soapenv:Envelope>";
String querySoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>"
+ "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"http://webservices.b.com\">"
+ " <soapenv:Header/>"
+ " <soapenv:Body>"
+ " <web:query soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">"
+ " <in0 xsi:type=\"web:QueryRequest\">"
+ " <endTime xsi:type=\"xsd:dateTime\">?</endTime>"
+ " <mobile xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</mobile>"
+ " <startTime xsi:type=\"xsd:dateTime\">?</startTime>"
+ " </in0>" + " </web:query>"
+ " </soapenv:Body>" + "</soapenv:Envelope>";
String postUrl = "http://localhost:8080/services/WebServiceFromB";
//采用SOAP1.1调用服务端，这种方式能调用服务端为soap1.1和soap1.2的服务
doPostSoap1_1(postUrl, orderSoapXml, "");
doPostSoap1_1(postUrl, querySoapXml, "");
//采用SOAP1.2调用服务端，这种方式只能调用服务端为soap1.2的服务
//doPostSoap1_2(postUrl, orderSoapXml, "order");
//doPostSoap1_2(postUrl, querySoapXml, "query");
}
}
5.总结
优点：
1.使用httpclient作为客户端调用webservice，不用关注繁琐的webservice框架，只需找到SOAP消息格式，添加httpclient依赖就行。
2.使用httpclient调用webservice，建议采用soap1.1方式调用，经测试使用soap1.1方式能调用soap1.1和soap1.2的服务端。
缺点：
唯一的缺点是，你得自己解析返回的XML，找到你关注的信息内容。