mac安装macos失败_如何擦除Mac并从头开始重新安装macOS
mac安装macos失败
Is it time to sell or give away your old Mac? Or do you just want a fresh start to clean up your machine? Here’s how to securely delete all of your files, then install a fresh version of macOS.
现在是时候出售或赠送旧Mac吗？ 还是只想重新开始清理机器？ 这是安全删除所有文件，然后安装新版macOS的方法。
If you’re selling or giving away your computer, this is the only way to make sure whoever ends up with your Mac can’t access to your files, and won’t have to deal with any modifications you’ve made to macOS over the years. Don’t just delete your user profile and call it a day—you’ll want to completely wipe it.
如果您要出售或赠送计算机，这是确保Mac最终用户无法访问文件，并且不必处理您对macOS所做的任何修改的唯一方法。这些年。 不要只是删除您的用户个人资料并每天调用它，而是要彻底清除它。
Before you start, make sure you transfer any files you want to keep to a new computer or external drive. Even if you don’t intend on wiping your drive, it’s a good idea to back up before re-installing your operating system.
在开始之前，请确保将要保留的所有文件传输到新计算机或外部驱动器。 即使您不打算擦拭驱动器，在重新安装操作系统之前进行备份也是一个好主意。
第一步：从恢复模式启动，或从安装程序启动 (Step One: Boot From Recovery Mode, or an Installer)
Your Mac’s Recovery Mode is a treasure trove of useful tools, and it’s the easiest way to wipe your computer and start from scratch. Shut down your Mac, turn it on while holding down Command+R. Your Mac will boot into the recovery partition.
Mac的恢复模式是许多有用工具的宝库，它是擦除计算机并从头开始的最简单方法。 关闭Mac，在按住Command + R的同时将其打开。 您的Mac将启动到恢复分区。
If you’re using an older Mac (from 2010 or earlier), there’s a chance that you can’t use Recovery Mode. On those devices, hold “Option” while turning your computer on, then select the recovery partition instead.
如果您使用的是较旧的Mac(2010年或更早版本的Mac)，则可能无法使用恢复模式。 在这些设备上，在打开计算机电源的同时按住“ Option”，然后选择恢复分区。
If neither of these options work, don’t panic! You’ve got a couple of options yet. You can access recovery without a partition using Network Recovery: hold Command+Shift+R while turning on your Mac and it will download the Recovery features for you. Failing that, you can create a bootable USB installer for macOS Sierra, and boot from that by holding “Option” while turning on your Mac.
如果这些选项都不起作用，请不要惊慌！ 您还有几种选择。 您可以使用网络恢复在没有分区的情况下访问恢复：开启Mac时按住Command + Shift + R，它将为您下载恢复功能。 失败的话，您可以为macOS Sierra创建一个可启动的USB安装程序，然后在打开Mac的同时按住“ Option”从中启动。
Once you’ve managed to open up the Recovery Mode in some fashion, we can move on to wiping your drive securely.
一旦您设法以某种方式打开恢复模式，我们就可以继续安全地擦拭驱动器。
第二步：安全擦拭硬盘驱动器(可选) (Step Two: Securely Wipe Your Hard Drive (Optional))
If you want to re-install your operating system, but leave your files in place, you can skip this step. Your user accounts and files will stay exactly where they are—only your operating system will be overwritten. We recommend backing up files before you do this, just in case, but otherwise you’re ready for step three.
如果要重新安装操作系统，但将文件保留在原位，则可以跳过此步骤。 您的用户帐户和文件将完全保留在原位置，只有操作系统会被覆盖。 我们建议您在备份文件之前先备份文件，以防万一，但否则您就可以准备进行第三步了。
If you want a truly clean installation, however, you need to first wipe your hard drive. We’ve shown you how to securely wipe a hard drive with your Mac, and doing so in Recovery Mode isn’t really different from doing so within macOS.
但是，如果要进行真正干净的安装，则需要先擦拭硬盘驱动器。 我们已经向您展示了如何使用Mac安全地擦拭硬盘，并且在恢复模式下与在MacOS中进行擦拭并没有什么不同。
To get started, click the Disk Utility option.
首先，单击“磁盘工具”选项。
Depending on how you started Recovery Mode, you may be presented with the option to start Disk Utility right away, as seen above. If not you can find Disk Utility in the menu bar: click Utilities then Disk Utility.
根据启动恢复模式的方式，可能会为您提供立即启动Disk Utility的选项，如上所示。 如果没有，您可以在菜单栏中找到“磁盘工具”：单击“工具”，然后单击“磁盘工具”。
You’ll now see your list of hard drives. Click your primary drive, then click “Erase”
现在，您将看到硬盘驱动器列表。 单击您的主驱动器，然后单击“擦除”
If you’re wiping a mechanical drive, click “Security Options” in the window that pops up. (If your Mac has a solid state drive, you can skip this part: your SSD will already securely erase files thanks to TRIM. You still need to wipe the drive, however, or your files will remain in place, so skip to the end of this step to do so.)
如果要擦拭机械驱动器，请在弹出的窗口中单击“安全选项”。 (如果您的Mac具有固态驱动器，则可以跳过此部分：由于使用了TRIM，SSD已经可以安全地擦除文件。但是，您仍然需要擦除驱动器，否则文件将保留在原处，因此请跳到最后这样做的步骤。)
Now move the dial up, to randomly write data over your entire drive. You only need to write over a drive once to securely wipe it, but if you’re paranoid you can also wipe it three or five times.
现在向上移动拨号盘，以在整个驱动器上随机写入数据。 您只需要重写一次驱动器就可以安全擦除，但是如果您偏执，还可以擦除三到五次。
Click “OK” once you’ve decided, but remember: if your Mac has a solid state drive, you do not need to use these options. Just give your drive a name (I recommend “Macintosh HD”, just for consistency’s sake), then click “Erase” to start the overwriting process.
确定后，单击“确定”，但请记住：如果Mac具有固态驱动器，则无需使用这些选项。 只需给驱动器起一个名字(为保持一致性，我建议使用“ Macintosh HD”)，然后单击“擦除”开始覆盖过程。
If you opted to wipe your drive securely, this might take a while—30 minutes to an hour is not unreasonable for one pass. If you choose three or five passes, you might want to leave this running overnight.
如果选择安全擦除驱动器，则可能要花一些时间-30分钟到1个小时对于一次通过来说是不合理的。 如果选择三遍或五遍，则可能需要将此操作整夜运行。
第三步：重新安装macOS (Step Three: Reinstall macOS)
With your information wipe complete, you are now ready to reinstall macOS. If you booted from a functioning recovery partition, click the “Reinstall macOS” button. The installation process will begin.
信息擦除完成后，您现在可以重新安装macOS。 如果从正常运行的恢复分区启动，请单击“重新安装macOS”按钮。 安装过程将开始。
If you booted from an USB disk, click “Continue” to advance to the installer.
如果从USB磁盘启动，请单击“继续”以前进至安装程序。
You’ll be asked which hard drive you want to install to. Choose the Macintosh HD you named earlier.
系统将询问您要安装到哪个硬盘。 选择您先前命名的Macintosh HD。
Just like that, macOS will begin installing.
这样，macOS将开始安装。
This might take a while. Eventually your Mac will restart and ask you to create an account. If you’re giving your Mac away, or selling it, I recommend that you simply shut down at this point and let whoever you’re giving your Mac to create their own account. After all, it’s theirs now. Otherwise, enjoy your now-fresh Mac!
这可能需要一段时间。 最终，您的Mac将重新启动，并要求您创建一个帐户。 如果您要赠送或出售Mac，建议您暂时关闭，然后让赠送Mac的任何人创建自己的帐户。 毕竟，现在是他们的了。 否则，请享用您现在最新的Mac！
mac安装macos失败