HTTPie 工具使用入门
HTTPie 是一个 HTTP 的命令行客户端,目标是让 CLI 和 web 服务之间的交互尽可能的人性化。这个工具提供了简洁的 http 命令,允许通过自然的语法发送任意 HTTP 请求数据,展示色彩化的输出。HTTPie 可用于与 HTTP 服务器做测试、调试和常规交互。
HTTPie (pronounced aitch-tee-tee-pie) is a command line HTTP client. Its goal is to make CLI interaction with web services as human-friendly as possible. It provides a simple http
command that allows for sending arbitrary HTTP requests using a simple and natural syntax, and displays colorized output. HTTPie can be used for testing, debugging, and generally interacting with HTTP servers.
博客原文,见米扑博客,专注IT技术和量化金融
主要特性:
- 直观的语法
- 格式化和色彩化的终端输出
- 内置 JSON 支持
- 支持上传表单和文件
- HTTPS、代理和认证
- 任意请求数据
- 自定义头部
- 持久性会话
- 类 Wget 下载
- 支持 Python 2.6, 2.7 和 3.x
- 支持 Linux, Mac OS X 和 Windows
- 插件
- 文档
- 测试覆盖率
HTTPie 是用 Python 编写,用到了 Requests 和 Pygments 这些出色的库。
Github:https://github.com/jakubroztocil/httpie
httpie 使用示例
http -h mimvp.com
1. 安装 httpie
httpie 是跨平台命令,支持 Mac OS X、 Linux、 Windows
1) Mac OS X
brew install httpie // brew 命令安装
port install httpie // ports 命令安装
2) Linux
easy_install httpie (CentOS 5.6/6.5/7.2 都成功)
# Debian, Ubuntu, etc.
apt-get install httpie
# Fedora, CentOS, RHEL, …
yum install httpie
# Arch Linux
pacman -S httpie
3)Windows
# Make sure we have an up-to-date version of pip and setuptools:
$ pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
$ pip install --upgrade httpie
2. httpie 帮助
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# http usage: http [--json] [--form] [--pretty {all,colors, format ,none}]
[--style STYLE] [--print WHAT] [--headers] [--body] [--verbose]
[--all] [-- history -print WHAT] [--stream] [--output FILE]
[--download] [-- continue ]
[--session SESSION_NAME_OR_PATH | --session- read -only SESSION_NAME_OR_PATH]
[--auth USER[:PASS]] [--auth- type {basic,digest}]
[--proxy PROTOCOL:PROXY_URL] [--follow]
[--max-redirects MAX_REDIRECTS] [--timeout SECONDS]
[--check-status] [--verify VERIFY]
[--ssl {ssl2.3,ssl3,tls1,tls1.1,tls1.2}] [--cert CERT]
[--cert-key CERT_KEY] [--ignore-stdin] [--help] [--version]
[--traceback] [--default-scheme DEFAULT_SCHEME] [--debug]
[METHOD] URL [REQUEST_ITEM [REQUEST_ITEM ...]]
http: error: the following arguments are required: URL |
3. httpie 命令
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# 显示请求信息(包含返回头200) http mimvp.com # 显示详细的请求(包含请求和返回头200) http - v mimvp.com
# 只显示Header http - h mimvp.com
http - - head mimvp.com
http - - header mimvp.com
http - - headers mimvp.com
# 只显示Body http - b mimvp.com
http - - body mimvp.com
# 下载文件 http - d mimvp.com
# 模拟提交表单 http - f POST mimvp.com username = 'mimvp-user'
# 请求删除的方法 http DELETE mimvp.com # 传递JSON数据请求(默认就是JSON数据请求) http PUT mimvp.com username = 'mimvp-user' password = 'mimvp-pwd'
# 如果JSON数据存在不是字符串则用:=分隔,例如 http PUT mimvp.com username = 'mimvp-user' password = 'mimvp-pwd' age: = 28 a: = true streets: = '["a", "b"]'
# 模拟Form的Post请求, Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8 http - - form POST mimvp.com username = 'mimvp-user'
# 模拟Form的上传, Content-Type: multipart/form-data http - f POST example.com / jobs username = 'mimvp-user' file @~ / test.pdf
# 修改请求头, 使用:分隔 http mimvp.com User - Agent:mimvp - agent / 1.0 'Cookie:a=b;b=c' Referer:http: / / mimvp.com /
# 认证 http - a username:password mimvp.com
http - - auth - type = digest - a username:password mimvp.com
# 使用http代理 http - - proxy = http:http: / / 217.107 . 197.174 : 8081 proxy.mimvp.com
http - - proxy = http:http: / / user: pass @ 217.107 . 197.174 : 8081 proxy.mimvp.com
http - - proxy = https:http: / / 112.114 . 96.34 : 8118 proxy.mimvp.com
http - - proxy = https:http: / / user: pass @ 112.114 . 96.34 : 8118 proxy.mimvp.com
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4. httpie 示例
1)请求 mimvp.com(米扑科技)
请求: http mimvp.com
结果: 返回有状态头200和网页正文
2)仅返回文件头header
请求: http -h proxy.mimvp.com
结果:
3)表单请求登录
请求: http --form POST proxy.mimvp.com username='mimvp-user' password='mimvp-pwd'
4)设置代理请求
请求:
http --proxy=http:http://217.107.197.174:8081 proxy.mimvp.com
http --proxy=http:http://user:[email protected]:8081 proxy.mimvp.com
http --proxy=https:http://112.114.96.34:8118 proxy.mimvp.com
http --proxy=https:http://user:[email protected]:8118 proxy.mimvp.com
提取代理IP,请访问米扑代理: http://proxy.mimvp.com