java-SpringBoot 实现微信扫码登录(网站应用)-前后端分离
1 微信开放平台(https://open.weixin.qq.com/)资质认证并申请创建网站应用,拿到appId和appSecret以及回调url,已有的可跳过
2 后端将获取扫码用的二维码地址返回给前台
@Override
public Response getWechatQrCode() {
try {
LOGGER.info("开始获取微信登录二维码:");
String oauthUrl = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/qrconnect? appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
String redirect_uri = URLEncoder.encode(Constant.WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL, "utf-8");
System.out.println("redirect_uri:"+redirect_uri);
oauthUrl = oauthUrl.replace("APPID",Constant.WX_OPEN_APP_ID).replace("REDIRECT_URI",redirect_uri).replace("SCOPE",Constant.WX_OPEN_SCOPE);
LOGGER.info("oauthUrl:"+oauthUrl);
return new Response(Constant.RES_SUCCESS, "获取微信登录二维码成功", oauthUrl);
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.info("获取微信登录二维码失败:"+e);
Utils.getExceptionDetail(e);
return new Response(Constant.RES_ERROR_SERVER,"服务器内部错误");
}
}
上面scope的值为snsapi_login,前端拿到oauthUrl就可以直接请求到微信扫码的页面
3 用户扫码之后就可以拿到code,使用code获取access_token和openid
4 用access_token和openid就可以获取用户的信息了
5 拿到用户信息(userInfoStr)了接下来就是判断用户是否存在,再做其他自定义代码的事了,如:
至此网页微信扫码登录就算完成了,其中3-4步中的源码如下:
//通过code获取access_token
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
url = url.replace("APPID",Constant.WX_OPEN_APP_ID).replace("SECRET",Constant.WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET).replace("CODE",code);
JSONObject tokenInfoObject = HttpUtils.httpGet(url);
LOGGER.info("tokenInfoObject:{}",tokenInfoObject);
//通过access_token和openid获取用户信息
String userInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID";
userInfoUrl = userInfoUrl.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN",tokenInfoObject.getString("access_token")).replace("OPENID",tokenInfoObject.getString("openid"));
JSONObject userInfoStr = HttpUtils.httpGet(userInfoUrl);
LOGGER.info("userInfoStr:{}",userInfoStr);
上面用到的HttpUtils工具类:
package com.hy.bjggwhy.util;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author zhangmy
* @date 2019-12-26 10:45
* @description
*/
public class HttpUtils {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtils.class);
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;
static {
// 设置请求和传输超时时
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(2000).setConnectTimeout(2000).build();
}
/**
* post请求传输json参数
*
* @param url url地址
* @param jsonParam 参数
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, JSONObject jsonParam) {
// post请求返回结果
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 设置请求和传输超时时请求
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
try {
System.out.println(jsonParam);
if (null != jsonParam) {
// 解决中文乱码问题
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParam.toString(), "utf-8");
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
System.out.println(jsonParam);
CloseableHttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
// 请求发请求成功，并得到响应
if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
String str = "";
try {
// 读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数
str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity(), "utf-8");
// 把json字符串转换成json对象
jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
} finally {
httpPost.releaseConnection();
}
return jsonResult;
}
/**
* post请求传输String参数 例如：name=Jack&sex=1&type=2
* Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
*
* @param url url地址
* @param strParam 参数
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, String strParam) {
// post请求返回结果
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
try {
if (null != strParam) {
// 解决中文乱码问题
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(strParam, "utf-8");
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
CloseableHttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
// 请求发宋成功，并得到响应
if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
String str = "";
try {
// 读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据
str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity(), "utf-8");
// 把json字符串转换成json对象
jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
} finally {
httpPost.releaseConnection();
}
return jsonResult;
}
/**
* 发送get请求
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject httpGet(String url) {
// get请求返回结果
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 发送get请求
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
request.setConfig(requestConfig);
try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
// 请求发送成功，并得到响应
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// 读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数组
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
// 把json字符串转换成json对象
jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(strResult);
} else {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url, e);
} finally {
request.releaseConnection();
}
return jsonResult;
}
}