1. windows恢复至windows

通过Rman备份数据方式为全备份命令：

Rman>rman database

备份包括两份文件，其中一个是数据文件，另一个为控制文件。还需要我们从源库中复制初始化文件(复制到目标数据库相应地方)，其通常在%Oracle_Home%\database目录下SpfileXXX.ora。

其中Spfile需要按照备份数据库进行修改，但Spfile为二进制文件，需要先将其转换成pfile使用txt修改，命令为：

SQl>create pfile=‘存储路径’ from spfile(spfile以复制到相应目录)

创建之后打开pfile，如下所示：

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orcl1234.__db_cache_size=188743680  

orcl1234.__java_pool_size=12582912  

orcl1234.__large_pool_size=4194304  

orcl1234.__oracle_base='D:\app\Administrator'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment  

orcl1234.__pga_aggregate_target=285212672  

orcl1234.__sga_target=536870912  

orcl1234.__shared_io_pool_size=0  

orcl1234.__shared_pool_size=322961408  

orcl1234.__streams_pool_size=0  

*.audit_file_dest='D:\app\Administrator\admin\orcl1234\adump'  

*.audit_trail='db'  

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'  

*.control_files='D:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl1234\control01.ctl'  

*.db_block_size=8192  

*.db_domain=''  

*.db_name='orcl1234'  

*.db_recovery_file_dest='D:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area'  

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752  

*.diagnostic_dest='D:\app\Administrator'  

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl1234XDB)'  

*.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL1234'  

*.memory_target=822083584  

*.open_cursors=300  

*.processes=150  

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'  

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

上面文件我已经修改好(我的%Oracle_home%为D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

control_files路径可以多添加几个做备份。local_listener值为下面tnsnames.ora中的监听名字。

接下来需要配置监听service name与tnsnames.ora 要不然初始化时会出现错误。

tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File里需要添加：

LISTENER_OCRL1234 =

(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)

ORCL1234 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl1234)
)
)

配置完成后要将pfile中更改local_listener='LISTENER_OCRL1234'‘；

listener.ora需要添加红色部分：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl1234)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl1234)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = Oracle8)
(SID_NAME = ORCL)
)
)

注：OCRL1234是要恢复的数据库实例名或数据库名

其中listener.ora也可以通过DBCA来配置，具体方法就不讲了。

下面进入正题：

>ORADIM -NEW -SID ORCL1234

创建一个实例，注意此处实例名称与源数据库相同！！！

>SET ORACLE_SID=ORCL1234

将当前实例设置为orcl1234

接下来连接到空实例进行pfile配置，命令见下图：