dllhost.exe_Windows任务管理器中的dllhost.exe和COM Surrogate是什么？（解决了）

dllhost.exe

COM Surrogate processes, short for Component Object Model, are necessary components in Windows. They are used to run software extensions that other programs need to run. And if those extensions crash, it is the surrogate processes that are affected and not the programs that were running them.

COM代理进程( 组件对象模型的缩写)是Windows中必需的组件。它们用于运行其他程序需要运行的软件扩展。而且，如果这些扩展崩溃了，受影响的是替代进程，而不是运行它们的程序。

There are many use cases of these processes, for example creating thumbnails of images and other files when a folder is opened. The COM Surrogate process hosts .dll files, so its name is dllhost.exe.

这些过程有很多用例，例如，打开文件夹时创建图像缩略图和其他文件。 COM Surrogate进程承载.dll文件，因此其名称为dllhost.exe。

dllhost.exe_Windows任务管理器中的dllhost.exe和COM Surrogate是什么？（解决了） — Photo by Christin Hume / Unsplash

COM代理是病毒吗？ (Is COM Surrogate a virus?)

The short answer is no. COM Surrogate processes themselves cannot be viruses. However, viruses and malware can disguise themselves as a COM Surrogate process.

最简洁的答案是不。 COM Surrogate进程本身不能是病毒。但是，病毒和恶意软件会伪装成COM代理程序。

我应该删除COM代理吗？ (Should I remove COM Surrogate?)

Since it is an integrated part of Windows, I wouldn't advise you to remove it. This container process enables your OS to run COM objects that help other processes and programs to work.

由于它是Windows的集成部分，因此我不建议您删除它。此容器进程使您的OS可以运行COM对象，以帮助其他进程和程序正常工作。

检查COM代理的合法性 (Checking the legitimacy of COM Surrogate)

Since these processes are genuine components of Windows, they are widely used by cybercriminals. This has consequences – like the COM Surrogate having high CPU consumption and creating duplicates in the Task Manager.

由于这些过程是Windows的真正组件，因此它们被网络犯罪分子广泛使用。这会产生后果-例如COM Surrogate占用大量CPU，并在任务管理器中创建重复项。

A simple way to check its legitimacy is:

一种检查其合法性的简单方法是：

Open Windows Task Manager by right-clicking on the taskbar and clicking Task Manager.

右键单击任务栏，然后单击“任务管理器”，以打开Windows任务管理器。
Find the COM Surrogate processes and then right-click to Open File Location.

找到COM Surrogate进程，然后右键单击“ 打开文件位置” 。
Processes are legitimate if they are located in C:/Windows\System32 or C:/winnt/system32.

如果进程位于C：/ Windows \ System32或C：/ winnt / system32中，则它们是合法的。

常见错误 (Common Errors)

COM Surrogate high CPU, disk usage

COM替代高CPU，磁盘使用率
COM Surrogate is not responding, freeze

COM代理未响应，冻结
COM Surrogate virus

COM替代病毒
COM Surrogate taking memory

COM代理占用内存
COM Surrogate always running

COM代理始终运行
COM Surrogate stopped working

COM代理停止工作
COM Surrogate keeps crashing, opening

COM Surrogate不断崩溃，打开

There are many reasons for these errors to occur. The most common are:

这些错误发生的原因有很多。最常见的是：

A third-party program incorrectly registered COM objects or they did not work correctly (if they were incompatible with current versions of Windows, outdated software).
第三方程序错误地注册了COM对象，或者它们无法正常工作(如果它们与Windows的当前版本，过时的软件不兼容)。
If the problem occurs during drawing thumbnails in Explorer, it's because of outdated or incorrectly working codecs.
如果在资源管理器中绘制缩略图时出现问题，则是由于编解码器过时或工作不正确。
Can be caused by viruses or malware, as well as damage to Windows System Files.
可能是由于病毒或恶意软件以及Windows系统文件损坏引起的。

如何解决这些错误？ (How can you fix these errors?)

We discussed many errors above but the most common of them is "COM Surrogate has stopped working". Below are the various methods to resolve it.

我们在上面讨论了许多错误，但最常见的错误是“ COM Surrogate已停止工作 ”。以下是解决此问题的各种方法。

And even if you are having any of the other errors listed above, these methods are good to go and should help fix them, too.

即使您遇到上面列出的任何其他错误，也可以使用这些方法，并且也应该有助于解决这些问题。

1.更新编解码器 (1. Update Codecs)

A manual method to solve this error is to update all the Codecs of Windows (7, 8 or 10) to their latest updated versions. You can download and install your latest Windows Codec Pack from here:

解决此错误的手动方法是将Windows的所有编解码器 (7、8或10)更新到其最新更新版本。您可以从此处下载并安装最新的Windows Codec Pack ：

https://www.microsoft.com/en-in/download/details.aspx?id=507

https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/download/details.aspx?id=507

Windows 7 Codec Pack: https://www.windows7codecs.com/

Windows 7编解码器包： https ： //www.windows7codecs.com/

Windows 8 & 10 Codec Pack: http://www.windows8codecs.com/

Windows 8和10编解码器包： http ： //www.windows8codecs.com/

2.重置Internet Explorer (2. Reset Internet Explorer)

The issue can also be caused due to cached files that were corrupt. In this instance, it's be best to reset IE.

由于缓存文件损坏，也可能导致此问题。在这种情况下，最好重置IE。

Hold the Windows Key and Press R. In the run dialog, type inetcpl.cpl and click OK. Go to the Advanced Tab and choose Reset.

按住Windows键，然后按R。 在运行对话框中，键入inetcpl.cpl ，然后单击“ 确定”。 转到“高级”选项卡，然后选择“重置”。
Select Delete Personal Settings and hit the reset button again. Once you've done all that, reboot your PC and test it out.

选择删除个人设置，然后再次点击重置按钮。完成所有步骤后，重新启动PC并进行测试。

3.检查磁盘是否有错误 (3. Check Disk For Errors)

If this error occurs when opening files saved in a particular DRIVE other then C:\ then you should check that drive for errors. If you don't have any additional drives, just check the C:\ drive.

如果打开保存在C：\以外的特定DRIVE中的文件时发生此错误，则应检查该驱动器是否有错误。如果没有其他驱动器，只需检查C：\驱动器。

Hold the Windows Key and press E. On Windows 7/Vista you will see the drives listed.

按住Windows键 ，然后按E。在Windows 7 / Vista上，您将看到列出的驱动器。
On Windows 8/10, chose This PC from the left pane to view the drives. Right-click on the Selected Hard disk drive that you want to check and then select “Properties”.

在Windows 8/10上，从左窗格中选择“ 这台PC ”以查看驱动器。 右键单击要检查的选定硬盘驱动器 ，然后选择“ 属性” 。

3. Click the Tools tab from the top and then click Check Now under Error- Checking. Check both the Options and the click Start.

3.单击顶部的“ 工具”选项卡，然后单击“ 错误检查 ”下的“ 立即 检查”。 选中选项，然后单击开始。

4.重新注册DLL (4. Re-register the DLLs)

Run the following commands in an escalated command prompt. Click Start, type cmd, and right click on the “cmd” program from the search results. Then select Run as Administrator.

在升级的命令提示符下运行以下命令。单击“开始”，键入cmd，然后从搜索结果中右键单击“ cmd ”程序。然后选择以管理员身份运行 。

2. In the Command Prompt window, type the following commands and press the Enter key one by one:

2.在“ 命令提示符”窗口中，键入以下命令，然后按Enter键一次一个：

regsvr32 vbscript.dll regsvr32.jscript.dll

5.回滚到以前的显示适配器驱动程序 (5. Rollback to the Previous Display Adapter Driver)

To do this, hold the Windows Key and Press R. In the run dialog, type hdwwiz.cpl and click OK.

为此，请按住Windows键，然后按R。 在运行对话框中，键入hdwwiz.cpl ，然后单击确定。
Scroll to the Display Adapters section in the Device Manager. Right click on it and select Properties.

滚动到“设备管理器”中的“ 显示适配器”部分。右键单击它，然后选择属性。
Click Roll Back Driver and proceed with the instructions on the screen.

单击“ 回滚驱动程序”，然后按照屏幕上的说明进行操作。

In some cases, this option is grayed out. If that is the case then attempt the methods below.

在某些情况下，此选项显示为灰色。如果是这种情况，请尝试以下方法。

6.将dllhost.exe添加到DEP(数据执行保护)异常中 (6. Add dllhost.exe to the DEP(Data Execution Prevention) Exception)

Go to Start > Control Panel > System > Advanced System settings> Performance settings > Data Execution Prevention.

转到开始>控制面板>系统>高级系统设置>性能设置>数据执行保护。

Select “Turn on DEP for all programs and services except those I select:”

选择“为除我选择的程序和服务之外的所有程序和服务打开DEP： ”
Click on “Add“ and navigate to C:\Windows\System32\dllhost.exe on 32-bit Windows Machine and on a 64-bit machine, add C:\Windows\SysWOW64\dllhost.exe

单击“ 添加” ，然后在32位Windows计算机和64位计算机上导航到C：\ Windows \ System32 \ dllhost.exe ，添加C：\ Windows \ SysWOW64 \ dllhost.exe
After adding dllhost.exe to the exception list, Apply changes or click OK.

将dllhost.exe添加到例外列表后， 应用更改或单击“ 确定”。

7.切换到列表或详细信息视图/禁用缩略图 (7. Switch to List or Details view / disable thumbnails)

We have already discussed that COM Surrogate is in charge of your thumbnails. In order to avoid problems with it, you can disable thumbnails.

我们已经讨论过COM代理负责您的缩略图。为了避免出现问题，您可以禁用缩略图。

In addition, you can switch to List or Details view by doing the following:

另外，您可以通过执行以下操作切换到“ 列表”或“ 详细信息”视图：

Open File Explorer.

打开文件资源管理器 。
Click the View tab and choose the List or Details option.

单击查看选项卡，然后选择列表或详细信息选项。

8.更新您的防病毒软件 (8. Update your Antivirus)

It has been reported that certain antivirus software, such as Kaspersky antivirus, can sometimes cause issues with the COM Surrogate process.

据报道，某些防病毒软件(例如Kaspersky防病毒软件)有时会导致COM Surrogate进程出现问题。

In order to fix those issues, you should install the latest version of your current antivirus software.

为了解决这些问题，您应该安装最新版本的当前防病毒软件。

Thank you for reading this article. I hope it will help you fix your COM Surrogate errors.

感谢您阅读本文。 我希望它能帮助您修复COM代理错误。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-dllhost-exe-and-com-surrogate-in-windows-task-manager-solved/