heif heic 的区别_什么是HEIF（或HEIC）图像格式？
heif heic 的区别
The High Efficiency Image Format (HEIF) is used by Apple’s iPhone and is also coming to Google’s Android P. It’s a modern replacement for JPEG, and often has the .HEIC file extension.
苹果的iPhone使用了高效图像格式(HEIF)，谷歌的Android P也采用了高效图像格式(HEIF)。它是JPEG的现代替代品，并且通常具有.HEIC文件扩展名。
什么是HEIF？ (What is HEIF?)
The HEIF format produces images with a smaller file size and higher image quality than the older JPEG standard. In other words, HEIF is just better than JPEG.
与旧的JPEG标准相比，HEIF格式产生的图像具有较小的文件大小和较高的图像质量。 换句话说，HEIF比JPEG更好。
HEIF achieves this through use of more advanced compression methods. This new image format is based on the High Efficiency Video Compression format, also known as HEVC or H.265.
HEIF通过使用更高级的压缩方法来实现这一目标。 这种新的图像格式基于高效视频压缩格式，也称为HEVC或H.265。
While this format made its consumer debut on Apple’s iPhones with iOS 11, it isn’t an Apple technology. It’s based on the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standards, and will arrive on Android P as well. According to the MPEG and Apple, HEIF images should be half the size of a JPEG image file, but with the same—or better—picture quality.
尽管这种格式在带有iOS 11的Apple iPhone上首次亮相，但它不是Apple技术。 它基于运动图像专家组(MPEG)标准，并且也将在Android P上使用。 根据MPEG和Apple，HEIF图像的大小应为JPEG图像文件的一半，但图像质量应相同或更好。
But HEIF isn’t just about file sizes. HEIF images offer a variety of features that aren’t available in JPEG, like transparency and 16-bit color. The iPhone’s camera can capture photos in 10-bit color, so HEIF’s 16-bit color is a worthwhile upgrade over JPEG’s 8-bit color.
但是，HEIF不仅仅是文件大小。 HEIF图像提供了JPEG无法提供的各种功能，例如透明度和16位彩色。 iPhone的相机可以捕获10位彩色的照片，因此HEIF的16位彩色是JPEG的8位彩色的值得升级。
You can apply edits like rotation, cropping, titles, and overlays to HEIF images. Such edits are stored without altering the underlying image. This means you can undo those edit later on, should you want to.
您可以对HEIF图像应用诸如旋转，裁剪，标题和覆盖之类的编辑。 这样的编辑在不更改基础图像的情况下被存储。 这意味着您以后可以撤消那些编辑。
什么是HEIC文件？ (What is an HEIC File?)
If you take a photo with Apple’s iPhone or iPad, that photo is saved in an image file with the .HEIC file extension. HEIC is a container format that can store sounds and images encoded with the HEVC format.
如果您使用Apple的iPhone或iPad拍照，则该照片将保存在扩展名为.HEIC的图像文件中。 HEIC是一种容器格式，可以存储使用HEVC格式编码的声音和图像。
For example, if you take a photo with Live Photos enabled on an iPhone, you’ll get a .HEIC file that contains multiple photos and a recorded sound file—everything that makes up the live photo. On older versions of Apple’s iOS, or if you select the “Most Compatible” option, those live photos are stored as a .JPG still image file and a three-second .MOV video file.
例如，如果您在iPhone上启用了“实时照片”功能拍摄照片，您将获得一个.HEIC文件，其中包含多张照片和一个录音文件-构成实时照片的所有内容。 在较旧版本的Apple iOS上，或者如果选择“最兼容”选项，则这些实时照片将存储为.JPG静止图像文件和三秒钟的.MOV视频文件。
HEIF比JPEG更好 (HEIF is Just Better Than JPEG)
The High Efficiency Image Format is an improvement over JPEG in every way. By using more modern compression schemes, it can store the same amount of data in a JPEG image file in half the size.
高效图像格式在各个方面都是对JPEG的改进。 通过使用更现代的压缩方案，它可以将一半大小的相同数量的数据存储在JPEG图像文件中。
As phones get upgraded to use cameras with more megapixels, photos are increasing in detail. By storing photos in HEIF instead of JPEG, the file size is cut in half, so you can store twice as many photos on your phone. The resulting photos should be faster to upload to online services and use less storage space if those services support HEIF files, too. On an iPhone, this means your photos should upload to the iCloud Photo Library twice as fast.
随着电话升级为使用百万像素以上的摄像头，照片的细节在不断增加。 通过将照片存储在HEIF中而不是JPEG中，文件大小减小了一半，因此您可以在手机上存储两倍的照片。 如果这些服务也支持HEIF文件，则生成的照片应更快地上传到在线服务，并使用较少的存储空间。 在iPhone上，这意味着您的照片应以两倍快的速度上传到iCloud照片库。
The JPEG standard dates back to 1992, and the latest version of the JPEG standard was finalized in 1994. JPEG served us well for a long time, but it’s no surprise that a modern standard has surpassed it.
JPEG标准的历史可以追溯到1992年，而JPEG标准的最新版本是在1994年完成的。JPEG为我们服务了很长时间，但现代标准超越了它也就不足为奇了。
缺点：兼容性 (The One Downside: Compatibility)
The only downside to using HEIF or HEIC photos is compatibility. If a piece of software can view images, it can definitely read JPEG images. But, if you take photos and end up with HEIF or HEIC files, those won’t work everywhere.
使用HEIF或HEIC照片的唯一缺点是兼容性。 如果某个软件可以查看图像，则它绝对可以读取JPEG图像。 但是，如果您拍照并得到HEIF或HEIC文件，则这些文件将无法在任何地方使用。
That’s why the iPhone and iPad automatically convert your photos to JPEG images when you attach them to an email or share them with a service that doesn’t support HEIF files. It also automatically converts them to JPEG when you import these photos onto a Windows PC. Apple’s iOS is designed to automatically make things as compatible as possible.
因此，当您将照片和照片附加到电子邮件或与不支持HEIF文件的服务共享时，iPhone和iPad会自动将照片转换为JPEG图像。 当您将这些照片导入Windows PC时，它还会自动将它们转换为JPEG。 Apple的iOS旨在自动使事物尽可能兼容。
While Macs can read .HEIF and .HEIC files starting with macOS High Sierra, Windows 10 doesn’t offer built-in support for these files. You’ll need a third-party image viewer or conversion software to view the original .HEIF or .HEIC files on a Windows PC. Hopefully, Microsoft will add support for this format in the future. It’s becoming more widespread, since Google is adding support to Android, too.
尽管Mac可以从macOS High Sierra开始读取.HEIF和.HEIC文件，但Windows 10并未为这些文件提供内置支持。 您需要第三方图像查看器或转换软件才能在Windows PC上查看原始的.HEIF或.HEIC文件。 希望微软将来会增加对此格式的支持。 由于Google也增加了对Android的支持，因此它变得越来越普遍。
If you don’t want to deal with any potential compatibility problems, you can always disable use of the HEIF format on your iPhone and force the camera to take photos as old-fashioned JPEGs. Android P will likely offer a similar option, too.
如果您不想处理任何潜在的兼容性问题，可以随时在iPhone上禁用HEIF格式的使用，并强制相机将照片作为老式JPEG进行拍摄。 Android P也可能会提供类似的选项。
Web上的HEIF呢？ (What About HEIF on the Web?)
The HEIF format has arrived on Apple’s iPhones and will appear on phones running Google’s Android, but it hasn’t taken over the web. While Apple offers HEIF format support on macOS, not even the Safari browser on Macs can view HEIF images.
HEIF格式已经出现在Apple的iPhone上，并将出现在运行Google的Android的手机上，但尚未取代网络。 尽管Apple在macOS上提供了HEIF格式支持，但即使Mac上的Safari浏览器也无法查看HEIF图像。
Other browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge also don’t support HEIF, so don’t expect to see HEIF on the web any time soon. Google, for example, is pushing its own WebP format.
其他浏览器(例如Google Chrome，Mozilla Firefox和Microsoft Edge)也不支持HEIF，因此不要指望很快会在网上看到HEIF。 例如，谷歌正在推广自己的WebP格式。
Image Credit: Bon Appetit/Shutterstock.com
图片来源： Bon Appetit /Shutterstock.com
翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/345314/what-is-the-heif-or-heic-image-format/
heif heic 的区别