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路由与交换|实验二：静态路由协议配置

分类: 文章 • 2023-10-16 21:18:02

实验二   静态路由协议配置

一、实验目的

⑴ 掌握路由器在网络中的作用、组成以及路由器设备选型；

⑵ 掌握PacketTrace 仿真软件的使用方法；

⑶ 掌握路由器的静态路由配置命令。

二、实验条件

 Cisco2621 Router、PacketTrace仿真软件、具备Windows操作系统的PC机

三、实验原理及相关知识

 掌握PacketTrace路由仿真软件的使用、静态路由配置方法

四、实验步骤

路由与交换|实验二：静态路由协议配置

路由与交换|实验二：静态路由协议配置

 

 

1. 按要求对路由器接口进行配置（仅配置接口信息，不做任何路由设置）

⑴ 配置路由协议之前路由器R0的路由信息

Router>en

Router#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R0

⑵ 配置路由协议之前路由器R4的路由信息

Router>en

Router#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R4

2.配置路由器静态路由

⑴ 配置路由器R0路由

R0(config)#interface se 1/0

R0(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.2 255.255.255.252

R0(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1/0, changed state to down

R0(config-if)#exit

R0(config)#interface f0/0

R0(config-if)#ip address 192.172.1.1 255.255.255.0

R0(config-if)#no sh

R0(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R0(config-if)#exit

 

⑵ 配置路由器R1路由

R1(config)#interface s1/1

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.6 255.255.255.252

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1/1, changed state to down

R1(config-if)#interface f0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.172.2.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no sh

R1(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#exit

⑶ 配置路由器R2路由

R2(config)#interface s1/2

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.10 255.255.255.252

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1/2, changed state to down

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#interface f0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.172.3.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no sh

R2(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#exit

⑷ 配置路由器R3路由

R3(config)#interface s1/1

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.14 255.255.255.252

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1/1, changed state to down

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#interface f0/0

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.172.4.1 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no sh

R3(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R3(config-if)#exit

⑸ 配置路由器R4路由

R4(config)#interface s1/0

R4(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.1 255.255.255.252

R4(config-if)#no sh

R4(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up

R4(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R4(config-if)#

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up

R4(config-if)#no sh

R4(config-if)#interface s1/1

R4(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.5 255.255.255.252

R4(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R4(config-if)#no sh

R4(config-if)#interface s1/2

R4(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.9 255.255.255.252

R4(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R4(config-if)#no sh

R4(config-if)#interface s1/3

R4(config-if)#ip address 192.172.101.13 255.255.255.252

R4(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R4(config-if)#no sh

⑹ 配置之后路由器R0的路由信息

R0(config)#ip route 192.172.101.12 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.1

R0(config)#ip route 192.172.101.8 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.1

R0(config)#ip route 192.172.101.4 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.1

R0(config)#ip route 192.172.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.14

R0(config)#ip route 192.172.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.10

R0(config)#ip route 192.172.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.6

⑺ 配置之后路由器R1的路由信息

R1(config)#ip route 192.172.101.0 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.5

R1(config)#ip route 192.172.101.12 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.5

R1(config)#ip route 192.172.101.8 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.5

R1(config)#ip route 192.172.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.2

R1(config)#ip route 192.172.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.14

R1(config)#ip route 192.172.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.10

⑻ 配置之后路由器R2的路由信息

R2(config)#ip route 192.172.101.0 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.9

R2(config)#ip route 192.172.101.12 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.9

R2(config)#ip route 192.172.101.4 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.9

R2(config)#ip route 192.172.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.2

R2(config)#ip route 192.172.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.6

R2(config)#ip route 192.172.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.14

⑼ 配置之后路由器R3的路由信息

Router(config)#ip route 192.172.101.0 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.13

Router(config)#ip route 192.172.101.4 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.13

Router(config)#ip route 192.172.101.8 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.13

Router(config)#ip route 192.172.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.2

Router(config)#ip route 192.172.2.0 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.6

Router(config)#ip route 192.172.3.0 255.255.255.252 192.172.101.10

⑽ 配置之后路由器R4的路由信息

R4(config)#ip route 192.172.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.2

R4(config)#ip route 192.172.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.14

R4(config)#ip route 192.172.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.10

R4(config)#ip route 192.172.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.172.101.6

3. 测试连通性

⑴ 路由器R0 ping路由器R2

R0#ping 192.172.101.10

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.172.101.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 2/8/33 ms

⑵ 在各主机间使用ping命令，测试主机间的连通性。

C:\>ping 192.172.2.11

Pinging 192.172.2.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.172.2.11: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.2.11: bytes=32 time=5ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.2.11: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.2.11: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.172.2.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 5ms

C:\>ping 192.172.1.11

 

Pinging 192.172.1.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.172.1.11: bytes=32 time=1693ms TTL=128

Reply from 192.172.1.11: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=128

Reply from 192.172.1.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128

Reply from 192.172.1.11: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=128

 

Ping statistics for 192.172.1.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1693ms, Average = 425ms

 

C:\>ping 192.172.3.11

 

Pinging 192.172.3.11 with 32 bytes of data:

 

Reply from 192.172.3.11: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.3.11: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.3.11: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.3.11: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

 

Ping statistics for 192.172.3.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 4ms

 

C:\>ping 192.172.4.11

 

Pinging 192.172.4.11 with 32 bytes of data:

 

Reply from 192.172.4.11: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.4.11: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.4.11: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.172.4.11: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=125

 

Ping statistics for 192.172.4.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 3ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 9ms

 

五、常用路由器状态查询命令（在特权模式下输入命令）

Show  version         //查看IOS版本号，已启动时间，flash中的IOS的文件名，router里面共有什么的端口，寄存器的值等等。

show protocol       //显示与IP 有关的路由协议信息。各个端口的情况。

show flash           //查看flash中的内容，IOS的长度，文件名，剩余空间，总空间。

show running-config  //查看路由器当前的配置信息。

show startup-config  //查看nvram 中的路由器配置信息。

show ip route        //查看路由器的路由配置情况

show hosts           //查看IP host 表

show interface       //查看路由器上的各个端口的状态信息。（很多重要信息）

show controller      //查看接口控制器的状态，可看到连接的是DTE还是DCE

show history         //查看history buffer 里面的命令列表

 

六、思考题及其它

⑴ 查看路由器的路由协议信息，用什么命令？

show ip route

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