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Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

分类: 文章 • 2023-11-06 12:01:34

软件环境：

虚拟机：VMware Workstation 10

操作系统：Ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64

JAVA版本：jdk-7u55-linux-x64

软件下载地址：

JDK：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html （直接下载.tar.gz格式的文件）

第一阶段：先检测操作系统有没有已经安装好JDK环境，按“Ctrl+Alt+T”呼出终端，输入命令：

java –version

如果出现JDK版本信息，则说明已经安装好，否则将会显示如下结果：

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

那我们继续安装，将下载好的JDK压缩包拖进ubuntu桌面，拖放一次没进去，就多试几次，直到桌面出现刚才下载的JDK压缩包为止。

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

然后将压缩包剪切到主文件夹的“Downloads”下面去：

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

右键，选择“解压缩到此处”：

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

然后，呼出终端，输入指令：

sudo mv Downloads/jdk1.7.0_55 /usr/lib/jvm/

注意，这个Downloads的拼写必须一模一样，如果实在搞不定就输入ls复制目录名吧。

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

进入到“Usr/lib/jvm”目录下，检查文件：

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

然后，这个目录的名字你可以更改掉，只是别忘掉即可。

第二阶段：开始设置环境变量等值

呼出终端，输入指令：

gedit ~/.bashrc

会出现文本编辑界面：

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

将配置情况粘贴到文档末尾：

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_55
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
 
然后按保存快捷键（Ctrl+S）关闭文本编辑。

注意，我这里没有改变JDK路径，所以使用的还是jdk1.7.0_55，如果前面您变更了目录名，请使用新名字。

保存环境变量，退出编辑器，输入命令使之生效：

source ~/.bashrc

可输入 env 命令查看设置是否成功

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

也可以输入 java -version 命令测试jdk版本，查看jdk版本：

java -version

如果结果和下面界面类似，配置就成功了。

Ubuntu下JDK安装图解

Enjoy It.

以上详细步骤在联网的情况下可以用一个命令代替掉：

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

然后执行java -version查看安装详情。


Ubuntu中安装jre结果出错：openjdk-7-jre-headless : Depends: ca-certificates-java but it is not going to be installed

期间，去试试安装那个openjdk-7-jre-headless，结果还是无法安装：

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
 
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 openjdk-7-jre-headless : Depends: ca-certificates-java but it is not going to be installed
                          Depends: tzdata-java (>= 2012e-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
[email protected]:eclipse$

即：

openjdk-7-jre-headless : Depends: ca-certificates-java but it is not going to be installed

【解决过程】

1.参考：

[ubuntu] Unmet Dependencies

去试试：

（1）sudo apt-get autoclean

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get autoclean
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Del autoconf 2.69-1ubuntu1 [568 kB]
Del libaccount-plugin-1.0-0 0.1.6bzr13.04.05-0ubuntu1.1 [20.1 kB]
Del account-plugin-aim 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [10.6 kB]
Del linux-image-extra-3.8.0-19-generic 3.8.0-19.30 [30.8 MB]
Del dnsutils 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [144 kB]
Del flex 2.5.35-10.1ubuntu1 [216 kB]
Del liblcms2-2 2.4-0ubuntu3.1 [158 kB]
Del systemd-services 198-0ubuntu11.1 [338 kB]
Del gnome-control-center 1:3.6.3-0ubuntu24.1 [487 kB]
Del login 1:4.1.5.1-1ubuntu4.1 [323 kB]
Del isc-dhcp-client 4.2.4-5ubuntu2.1 [775 kB]
Del libfontembed1 1.0.34-0ubuntu1.1 [46.7 kB]
Del libxrender1 1:0.9.7-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [20.5 kB]
Del ethtool 1:3.4.2-1 [98.3 kB]
Del libxt6 1:1.1.3-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [181 kB]
Del unity-lens-video 0.3.14daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [32.0 kB]
Del libgcrypt11 1.5.0-3ubuntu2.2 [280 kB]
Del libqt4-opengl 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [304 kB]
Del linux-image-generic 3.8.0.27.45 [2,318 B]
Del software-properties-gtk 0.92.17.1 [43.3 kB]
Del openssl 1.0.1c-4ubuntu8.1 [520 kB]
Del python-libxml2 2.9.0+dfsg1-4ubuntu4.3 [184 kB]
Del empathy-common 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [409 kB]
Del libegl1-mesa-drivers 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [998 kB]
Del libqt4-help 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [207 kB]
Del libgl1-mesa-glx 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [103 kB]
Del libfl-dev 2.5.35-10.1ubuntu1 [19.1 kB]
Del python3-apport 2.9.2-0ubuntu8.3 [90.9 kB]
Del firefox-locale-en 23.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [572 kB]
Del account-plugin-yahoo 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [10.6 kB]
Del libebackend-1.2-5 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [72.0 kB]
Del python3-update-manager 1:0.186.1 [33.5 kB]
Del apport 2.9.2-0ubuntu8.3 [177 kB]
Del autotools-dev 20120608.1 [42.9 kB]
Del libtiff5 4.0.2-4ubuntu2.1 [170 kB]
Del python3-problem-report 2.9.2-0ubuntu8.3 [9,176 B]
Del libqt4-xmlpatterns 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [1,050 kB]
Del libopenvg1-mesa 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [14.7 kB]
Del libasound2 1.0.25-4ubuntu3.1 [430 kB]
Del libedata-book-1.2-15 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [62.9 kB]
Del update-manager 1:0.186.1 [595 kB]
Del libedataserver-1.2-17 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [139 kB]
Del gir1.2-dbusmenu-glib-0.4 12.10.3daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [7,052 B]
Del libxv1 2:1.0.7-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [12.4 kB]
Del hyphen-en-us 2.8.3-2 [54.9 kB]
Del libbind9-90 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [25.0 kB]
Del open-vm-dkms 2012.12.26-958366-0ubuntu3 [394 kB]
Del ghostscript 9.07~dfsg2-0ubuntu3.1 [45.1 kB]
Del libdrm-radeon1 2.4.43-0ubuntu1.1 [25.0 kB]
Del gpgv 1.4.12-7ubuntu1.1 [178 kB]
Del unity-scope-video-remote 0.3.14daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [25.8 kB]
Del libxrandr2 2:1.4.0-1ubuntu1.1 [19.2 kB]
Del libldap-2.4-2 2.4.31-1ubuntu2.1 [185 kB]
Del g++-4.7 4.7.3-1ubuntu1 [7,760 kB]
Del libtool 2.4.2-1.2ubuntu1 [303 kB]
Del libcompizconfig0 1:0.9.9~daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [149 kB]
Del dkms 2.2.0.3-1.1ubuntu2 [72.8 kB]
Del libgudev-1.0-0 1:198-0ubuntu11.1 [14.3 kB]
Del linux-generic 3.8.0.27.45 [1,718 B]
Del libxcursor1 1:1.1.13-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [23.8 kB]
Del libxcb-shape0 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [6,530 B]
Del evolution-data-server 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [345 kB]
Del plymouth-label 0.8.8-0ubuntu6.1 [5,884 B]
Del thunderbird 17.0.7+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [22.8 MB]
Del thunderbird-gnome-support 17.0.8+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [9,192 B]
Del libqt4-test 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [61.9 kB]
Del libncurses5-dev 5.9-10ubuntu4 [213 kB]
Del cups-browsed 1.0.34-0ubuntu1.1 [40.7 kB]
Del libxcb-shm0 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [5,748 B]
Del libsystemd-daemon0 198-0ubuntu11.1 [8,862 B]
Del dpkg-dev 1.16.10ubuntu1 [712 kB]
Del libdbusmenu-glib4 12.10.3daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [47.5 kB]
Del libedata-cal-1.2-18 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [69.2 kB]
Del libudev1 198-0ubuntu11.1 [37.5 kB]
Del xserver-xorg-video-intel 2:2.21.6-0ubuntu4.1 [698 kB]
Del unity-common 7.0.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [194 kB]
Del gawk 1:4.0.1+dfsg-2ubuntu1 [737 kB]
Del plymouth 0.8.8-0ubuntu6.1 [128 kB]
Del libisccc90 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [18.4 kB]
Del apport-symptoms 0.19.1 [14.2 kB]
Del libegl1-mesa 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [55.1 kB]
Del plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text 0.8.8-0ubuntu6.1 [9,116 B]
Del account-plugin-jabber 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [10.6 kB]
Del thunderbird-globalmenu 17.0.8+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [50.5 kB]
Del libqt4-xml 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [93.5 kB]
Del xul-ext-ubufox 2.7-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [57.1 kB]
Del account-plugin-generic-oauth 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1.1 [5,444 B]
Del bison 2:2.5.dfsg-3ubuntu1 [276 kB]
Del libdrm-nouveau2 2.4.43-0ubuntu1.1 [16.4 kB]
Del libqtgui4 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [4,141 kB]
Del telepathy-gabble 0.16.5-0ubuntu1.1 [722 kB]
Del libapr1 1.4.6-3ubuntu1 [90.5 kB]
Del firefox-globalmenu 23.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [18.2 kB]
Del thunderbird-globalmenu 17.0.7+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [50.5 kB]
Del libclutter-1.0-0 1.12.2-0ubuntu3.1 [487 kB]
Del libraw5 0.14.7-0ubuntu1.13.04.1 [315 kB]
Del xserver-xorg-video-openchrome 1:0.3.1-0ubuntu1.13.04.1 [179 kB]
Del nautilus-open-terminal 0.20-1 [68.6 kB]
Del libsigsegv2 2.9-4ubuntu3 [14.6 kB]
Del python3-distupgrade 1:0.192.12 [143 kB]
Del curl 7.29.0-1ubuntu3.1 [149 kB]
Del libqt4-script 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [812 kB]
Del python-imaging-compat 1.1.7+2.0.0-1ubuntu0.1 [5,274 B]
Del python-imaging 1.1.7+2.0.0-1ubuntu0.1 [346 kB]
Del gir1.2-ebook-1.2 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [15.1 kB]
Del zerofree 1.0.2-1ubuntu1 [8,574 B]
Del file-roller 3.6.3-1ubuntu4.1 [298 kB]
Del account-plugin-windows-live 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1.1 [2,222 B]
Del libcurl3-gnutls 7.29.0-1ubuntu3.1 [240 kB]
Del rsyslog 5.8.11-2ubuntu2.2 [436 kB]
Del libxcb1 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [48.8 kB]
Del gcc 4:4.7.3-1ubuntu10 [5,130 B]
Del linux-headers-3.8.0-19 3.8.0-19.30 [12.2 MB]
Del thunderbird-locale-en-us 1:17.0.7+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [10.7 kB]
Del firefox 23.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [27.1 MB]
Del qdbus 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [29.4 kB]
Del libqt4-dbus 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [185 kB]
Del checkbox-qt 0.15.6 [76.7 kB]
Del account-plugin-salut 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [10.9 kB]
Del libxml2 2.9.0+dfsg1-4ubuntu4.3 [681 kB]
Del libecal-1.2-15 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [113 kB]
Del libxfixes3 1:5.0-4ubuntu5.13.04.1 [12.4 kB]
Del libqt4-svg 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [139 kB]
Del linux-headers-3.8.0-27 3.8.0-27.40 [12.2 MB]
Del libdbus-1-3 1.6.8-1ubuntu6.1 [154 kB]
Del liblwres90 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [39.1 kB]
Del unity-lens-applications 6.10.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [96.2 kB]
Del account-plugin-flickr 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1.1 [2,422 B]
Del update-manager-core 1:0.186.1 [5,180 B]
Del linux-image-extra-3.8.0-27-generic 3.8.0-27.40 [30.9 MB]
Del libisccfg90 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [41.8 kB]
Del gperf 3.0.3-1ubuntu2 [95.2 kB]
Del python3-software-properties 0.92.17.1 [18.1 kB]
Del libregexp-assemble-perl 0.35-7 [62.5 kB]
Del liblist-moreutils-perl 0.33-1build2 [47.8 kB]
Del account-plugin-google 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1.1 [7,618 B]
Del linux-libc-dev 3.8.0-27.40 [922 kB]
Del linux-image-3.8.0-27-generic 3.8.0-27.40 [12.1 MB]
Del thunderbird-locale-en 1:17.0.7+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [341 kB]
Del evolution-data-server-common 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [107 kB]
Del libgs9 9.07~dfsg2-0ubuntu3.1 [2,533 kB]
Del libbison-dev 2:2.5.dfsg-3ubuntu1 [33.4 kB]
Del libcurl3 7.29.0-1ubuntu3.1 [249 kB]
Del apport-gtk 2.9.2-0ubuntu8.3 [9,944 B]
Del linux-headers-3.8.0-27-generic 3.8.0-27.40 [992 kB]
Del libx11-xcb1 2:1.5.0-1ubuntu1.1 [10.9 kB]
Del libx11-data 2:1.5.0-1ubuntu1.1 [179 kB]
Del empathy 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [570 kB]
Del telepathy-idle 0.1.14-1ubuntu0.1 [66.6 kB]
Del linux-headers-3.8.0-19-generic 3.8.0-19.30 [984 kB]
Del texinfo 4.13a.dfsg.1-10ubuntu4 [449 kB]
Del lightdm 1.6.0-0ubuntu3 [102 kB]
Del gnome-screenshot 3.6.1-0ubuntu2.1 [29.0 kB]
Del xdiagnose 3.5.1 [117 kB]
Del libcamel-1.2-40 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [518 kB]
Del libfs6 2:1.0.4-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [26.3 kB]
Del ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk 1:0.192.12 [11.0 kB]
Del gir1.2-edataserver-1.2 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [21.8 kB]
Del libx11-6 2:1.5.0-1ubuntu1.1 [777 kB]
Del compiz-plugins-default 1:0.9.9~daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [1,185 kB]
Del open-vm-tools 2012.12.26-958366-0ubuntu3 [448 kB]
Del ghostscript-cups 9.07~dfsg2-0ubuntu3.1 [24.7 kB]
Del cups-filters 1.0.34-0ubuntu1.1 [315 kB]
Del compiz-gnome 1:0.9.9~daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [427 kB]
Del libdbusmenu-gtk3-4 12.10.3daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [31.7 kB]
Del gnome-control-center-data 1:3.6.3-0ubuntu24.1 [1,327 kB]
Del libxxf86vm1 1:1.1.2-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [12.2 kB]
Del libxatracker1 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [136 kB]
Del libstdc++6-4.7-dev 4.7.3-1ubuntu1 [1,705 kB]
Del libxp6 1:1.0.1-2ubuntu0.13.04.1 [18.5 kB]
Del isc-dhcp-common 4.2.4-5ubuntu2.1 [837 kB]
Del libdecoration0 1:0.9.9~daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [48.7 kB]
Del libxcb-xfixes0 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [10.2 kB]
Del libebook-1.2-14 3.6.4-0ubuntu1.1 [84.5 kB]
Del libqtcore4 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [2,104 kB]
Del libdbusmenu-gtk4 12.10.3daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [31.6 kB]
Del gnome-contacts 3.6.2-0ubuntu2.1 [189 kB]
Del libnux-4.0-0 4.0.1daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [969 kB]
Del dbus-x11 1.6.8-1ubuntu6.1 [21.0 kB]
Del unity-services 7.0.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [29.7 kB]
Del libisc92 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [165 kB]
Del libxcb-render0 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [14.2 kB]
Del libgl1-mesa-dri 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [3,624 kB]
Del g++ 4:4.7.3-1ubuntu10 [1,456 B]
Del passwd 1:4.1.5.1-1ubuntu4.1 [1,051 kB]
Del libxcb-glx0 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [28.3 kB]
Del automake 1:1.11.6-1ubuntu1 [578 kB]
Del libunity-core-6.0-5 7.0.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [373 kB]
Del libxinerama1 2:1.1.2-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [8,230 B]
Del nux-tools 4.0.1daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [10.1 kB]
Del libxres1 2:1.0.6-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [7,250 B]
Del duplicity 0.6.21-0ubuntu1.1 [224 kB]
Del libgs9-common 9.07~dfsg2-0ubuntu3.1 [2,142 kB]
Del libqt4-declarative 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [1,100 kB]
Del thunderbird-locale-en-us 1:17.0.8+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [10.2 kB]
Del checkbox 0.15.6 [1,409 kB]
Del software-properties-common 0.92.17.1 [10.4 kB]
Del mcp-account-manager-uoa 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [21.7 kB]
Del account-plugin-facebook 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1.1 [2,432 B]
Del libglapi-mesa 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [22.6 kB]
Del libgnome-control-center1 1:3.6.3-0ubuntu24.1 [79.8 kB]
Del libtinfo-dev 5.9-10ubuntu4 [93.1 kB]
Del nautilus-sendto-empathy 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 [11.8 kB]
Del libdrm-intel1 2.4.43-0ubuntu1.1 [64.8 kB]
Del libgbm1 9.1.3-0ubuntu0.3 [16.8 kB]
Del linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic 3.8.0-19.30 [12.1 MB]
Del libxvmc1 2:1.0.7-1ubuntu1.13.04.1 [15.8 kB]
Del libqt4-network 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [551 kB]
Del liblightdm-gobject-1-0 1.6.0-0ubuntu3 [33.8 kB]
Del libxi6 2:1.6.99.1-0ubuntu3.1 [32.2 kB]
Del libalgorithm-diff-perl 1.19.02-3 [50.0 kB]
Del gnome-control-center-signon 0.1.6bzr13.04.05-0ubuntu1.1 [149 kB]
Del thunderbird 17.0.8+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [22.8 MB]
Del apt-file 2.5.1ubuntu1 [27.2 kB]
Del unity 7.0.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [1,601 kB]
Del plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo 0.8.8-0ubuntu6.1 [20.1 kB]
Del libqt4-sql 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [99.8 kB]
Del ghostscript-x 9.07~dfsg2-0ubuntu3.1 [39.5 kB]
Del libxcb-dri2-0 1.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [7,978 B]
Del libclutter-1.0-common 1.12.2-0ubuntu3.1 [76.8 kB]
Del libqt4-scripttools 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [226 kB]
Del compiz 1:0.9.9~daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [4,114 B]
Del libxxf86dga1 2:1.1.3-2ubuntu0.13.04.1 [13.9 kB]
Del libnux-4.0-common 4.0.1daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [61.6 kB]
Del firefox-gnome-support 22.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.2 [9,260 B]
Del libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl 0.04-2build3 [13.1 kB]
Del thunderbird-locale-en 1:17.0.8+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [341 kB]
Del libcupsfilters1 1.0.34-0ubuntu1.1 [75.3 kB]
Del build-essential 11.6ubuntu4 [5,654 B]
Del libplymouth2 0.8.8-0ubuntu6.1 [101 kB]
Del compiz-core 1:0.9.9~daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1 [387 kB]
Del dbus 1.6.8-1ubuntu6.1 [367 kB]
Del pm-utils 1.4.1-9git1ubuntu0.1 [57.5 kB]
Del libdrm2 2.4.43-0ubuntu1.1 [27.6 kB]
Del libexpat1-dev 2.1.0-2 [205 kB]
Del fakeroot 1.18.4-2ubuntu1 [89.0 kB]
Del libgnutls26 2.12.23-1ubuntu1.1 [449 kB]
Del gir1.2-gudev-1.0 198-0ubuntu11.1 [3,626 B]
Del libqt4-designer 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [3,641 kB]
Del linux-headers-generic 3.8.0.27.45 [2,308 B]
Del thunderbird-gnome-support 17.0.7+build1-0ubuntu0.13.04.1 [9,190 B]
Del libqt4-sql-sqlite 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 [24.1 kB]
Del m4 1.4.16-5 [199 kB]
Del gnupg 1.4.12-7ubuntu1.1 [797 kB]
Del libdns95 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [743 kB]
Del account-plugin-twitter 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1.1 [2,148 B]
Del bind9-host 1:9.9.2.dfsg.P1-2ubuntu2.1 [54.2 kB]
Del libltdl-dev 2.4.2-1.2ubuntu1 [203 kB]
Del libssl1.0.0 1.0.1c-4ubuntu8.1 [1,007 kB]
Del ubuntu-release-upgrader-core 1:0.192.12 [23.9 kB]
Del libxext6 2:1.3.1-2ubuntu0.13.04.1 [34.6 kB]
Del libxtst6 2:1.2.1-1ubuntu0.13.04.1 [13.6 kB]
Del linux-source-3.8.0 3.8.0-27.40 [274 kB]
Del libaprutil1 1.4.1-3 [63.9 kB]
[email protected]:eclipse$

（2）apt-get clean

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get clean
[email protected]:eclipse$

（3）sudo apt-get update

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get update
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise Release.gpg
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security Release.gpg
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates Release.gpg
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed Release.gpg
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports Release.gpg
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise Release
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security Release
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates Release
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed Release
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports Release
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/main Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/restricted Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/universe Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/multiverse Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/main i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/main Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise/universe Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/main Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/restricted Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/universe Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/multiverse Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/main i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/main Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/universe Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/main Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/restricted Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/universe Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/multiverse Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/main Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/main Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/restricted Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/universe Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/multiverse Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/main i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/main Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/universe Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/main Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/restricted Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/universe Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/multiverse Sources
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/main i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/main Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/universe Translation-en
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-security/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-proposed/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.163.com precise-backports/universe Translation-en_US
Reading package lists... Done
[email protected]:eclipse$

（4）sudo apt-get upgrade

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
[email protected]:eclipse$

（5）sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
[email protected]:eclipse$

（6）去看了看-f是修复的意思：

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[email protected]:eclipse$ apt-get --help
apt 0.9.7.7ubuntu4 for i386 compiled on Apr 12 2013 23:49:24
Usage: apt-get [options] command
       apt-get [options] install|remove pkg1 [pkg2 ...]
       apt-get [options] source pkg1 [pkg2 ...]
 
apt-get is a simple command line interface for downloading and
installing packages. The most frequently used commands are update
and install.
 
Commands:
   update - Retrieve new lists of packages
   upgrade - Perform an upgrade
   install - Install new packages (pkg is libc6 not libc6.deb)
   remove - Remove packages
   autoremove - Remove automatically all unused packages
   purge - Remove packages and config files
   source - Download source archives
   build-dep - Configure build-dependencies for source packages
   dist-upgrade - Distribution upgrade, see apt-get(8)
   dselect-upgrade - Follow dselect selections
   clean - Erase downloaded archive files
   autoclean - Erase old downloaded archive files
   check - Verify that there are no broken dependencies
   changelog - Download and display the changelog for the given package
   download - Download the binary package into the current directory
 
Options:
  -h  This help text.
  -q  Loggable output - no progress indicator
  -qq No output except for errors
  -d  Download only - do NOT install or unpack archives
  -s  No-act. Perform ordering simulation
  -y  Assume Yes to all queries and do not prompt
  -f  Attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place
  -m  Attempt to continue if archives are unlocatable
  -u  Show a list of upgraded packages as well
  -b  Build the source package after fetching it
  -V  Show verbose version numbers
  -c=? Read this configuration file
  -o=? Set an arbitrary configuration option, eg -o dir::cache=/tmp
See the apt-get(8), sources.list(5) and apt.conf(5) manual
pages for more information and options.
                       This APT has Super Cow Powers.

再去执行：sudo apt-get -f install

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
[email protected]:eclipse$

（7）sudo dpkg –configure -a

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
[email protected]:eclipse$

（8）再去最后安装试试：

结果问题依旧：

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
 
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 openjdk-7-jre-headless : Depends: ca-certificates-java but it is not going to be installed
                          Depends: tzdata-java (>= 2012e-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
[email protected]:eclipse$

2.继续参考，去试试：

（1）sudo apt-get purge openjdk-7-jre-headless

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get purge openjdk-7-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Package 'openjdk-7-jre-headless' is not installed, so not removed
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
[email protected]:eclipse$

和预期的一样，根本就没安装，何谈卸载。

（2）根本没有openjdk的cache：

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[email protected]:eclipse$ ls /var/cache/apt/archives/
lock  partial

所以根本无法rm。

3.另外去试试：

apt-cache show openjdk-7-jre-headless

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[email protected]:eclipse$ apt-cache show openjdk-7-jre-headless
Package: openjdk-7-jre-headless
Priority: optional
Section: universe/java
Installed-Size: 53804
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: OpenJDK Team <[email protected]>
Architecture: i386
Source: openjdk-7
Version: 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2
Provides: java-runtime-headless, java2-runtime-headless, java5-runtime-headless, java6-runtime-headless, java7-runtime-headless
Depends: openjdk-7-jre-lib (= 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2), ca-certificates-java, tzdata-java (>= 2012e-0ubuntu0.12.04.1), java-common (>= 0.28), libcups2 (>= 1.4.0), liblcms2-2 (>= 2.2+git20110628-2), libjpeg8 (>= 8c), libnss3-1d (>= 3.12.9+ckbi-1.82-0ubuntu4), libpcsclite1, libc6 (>= 2.11), libfontconfig1 (>= 2.8.0), libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.26.0), libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)
Pre-Depends: multiarch-support
Recommends: icedtea-7-jre-jamvm (= 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2)
Suggests: libnss-mdns, sun-java6-fonts, ttf-dejavu-extra, fonts-ipafont-gothic, fonts-ipafont-mincho, ttf-wqy-microhei | ttf-wqy-zenhei, ttf-indic-fonts-core, ttf-telugu-fonts, ttf-oriya-fonts, ttf-kannada-fonts, ttf-bengali-fonts
Conflicts: icedtea-netx (<< 1.1.1-2~)
Breaks: icedtea-netx (<< 1.2.3-0ubuntu0.12.04.3)
Filename: pool/universe/o/openjdk-7/openjdk-7-jre-headless_7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2_i386.deb
Size: 37906664
MD5sum: 17592cb7f69dc26f5b14e06ec192e3c4
SHA1: 354335efe494515f52418d1490078779a0127625
SHA256: 3aceb6337c9c301b2f0e0937a00754b2bed1c884daa282204ed3ae7116396a76
Description-en: OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
 Minimal Java runtime - needed for executing non GUI Java programs.
 Using Hotspot JIT.
 The packages are built using the IcedTea build support and patches
 from the IcedTea project.
Multi-Arch: same
Homepage: http://openjdk.java.net/
Description-md5: c5ec89b1a6bac9cd86f6e61756d18fb9
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
 
Package: openjdk-7-jre-headless
Priority: optional
Section: universe/java
Installed-Size: 87543
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: OpenJDK Team <[email protected]>
Architecture: i386
Source: openjdk-7
Version: 7~u3-2.1.1~pre1-1ubuntu2
Provides: java-runtime-headless, java2-runtime-headless, java5-runtime-headless, java6-runtime-headless, java7-runtime-headless
Depends: openjdk-7-jre-lib (>= 7~u3-2.1.1~pre1-1ubuntu2), ca-certificates-java, tzdata-java, java-common (>= 0.28), libcups2 (>= 1.4.0), liblcms2-2 (>= 2.2+git20110628-2), libjpeg8 (>= 8c), libnss3-1d (>= 3.12.9+ckbi-1.82-0ubuntu4), libpcsclite1, libc6 (>= 2.11), libfontconfig1 (>= 2.8.0), libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.26.0), libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)
Pre-Depends: multiarch-support
Recommends: icedtea-7-jre-cacao (= 7~u3-2.1.1~pre1-1ubuntu2), icedtea-7-jre-jamvm (= 7~u3-2.1.1~pre1-1ubuntu2)
Suggests: libnss-mdns, sun-java6-fonts, ttf-dejavu-extra, fonts-ipafont-gothic, fonts-ipafont-mincho, ttf-wqy-microhei | ttf-wqy-zenhei, ttf-indic-fonts-core, ttf-telugu-fonts, ttf-oriya-fonts, ttf-kannada-fonts, ttf-bengali-fonts
Conflicts: icedtea-netx (<< 1.1.1-2~)
Filename: pool/universe/o/openjdk-7/openjdk-7-jre-headless_7~u3-2.1.1~pre1-1ubuntu2_i386.deb
Size: 30230036
MD5sum: c0873c1d44a6396d43cc35163f22621e
SHA1: 4c8b87625cef798979583425b02427508e9bf85f
SHA256: 4891845555c97b81fbf8b3a49fc1bf505e5d72f482c6155b8a1f8d6d5b9ab263
Description-en: OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
 Minimal Java runtime - needed for executing non GUI Java programs.
 Using Hotspot JIT.
 The packages are built using the IcedTea build support and patches
 from the IcedTea project.
Multi-Arch: same
Homepage: http://openjdk.java.net/
Description-md5: c5ec89b1a6bac9cd86f6e61756d18fb9
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
 
[email protected]:eclipse$

但是还是没帮助。

4.参考：

openjdk-7-* won’t install: packaging internal dependencies incoherence

貌似是个bug。

但是先去试试：

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-7-jre-lib

同样错误：

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[email protected]:eclipse$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-7-jre-lib
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
 
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 openjdk-7-jre-headless : Depends: ca-certificates-java but it is not going to be installed
                          Depends: tzdata-java (>= 2012e-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
[email protected]:eclipse$

但是，可以借鉴那人的做法，尝试手动修改。

所以先去只下载不安装：

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[email protected]:eclipse$ apt-get source openjdk-7-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Picking 'openjdk-7' as source package instead of 'openjdk-7-jre-headless'
NOTICE: 'openjdk-7' packaging is maintained in the 'Bzr' version control system at:
http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~openjdk/openjdk/openjdk7
Please use:
bzr branch http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~openjdk/openjdk/openjdk7
to retrieve the latest (possibly unreleased) updates to the package.
Need to get 78.0 MB of source archives.
Get:1 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/universe openjdk-7 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2 (dsc) [3,832 B]
Get:2 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/universe openjdk-7 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2 (tar) [77.8 MB]                          
Get:3 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/universe openjdk-7 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2 (diff) [195 kB]                          
Fetched 78.0 MB in 3min 3s (425 kB/s)                                                                                                          
gpgv: Signature made Mon 15 Jul 2013 01:05:56 PM PDT using RSA key ID CC559573
gpgv: Can't check signature: public key not found
dpkg-source: warning: failed to verify signature on ./openjdk-7_7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2.dsc
dpkg-source: info: extracting openjdk-7 in openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10
dpkg-source: info: unpacking openjdk-7_7u25-2.3.10.orig.tar.gz
dpkg-source: info: applying openjdk-7_7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2.diff.gz
dpkg-source: info: upstream files that have been modified:
 openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10/Makefile.am
 openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10/Makefile.in
 openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10/patches/jamvm/remove-sun.misc.Perf-debug-code.patch
[email protected]:eclipse$

看看能否去修改**。

还是不会。

5.随便试试安装jdk也是不行：

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[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package openjdk-7
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
 
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 openjdk-7-jdk : Depends: openjdk-7-jre (= 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.12.04.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Recommends: libxt-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

6.突然想到，会不会是由于：

我当前Ubuntu是13.04

而用的是163的源，其只支持12.04而导致的？

所以，再去把源换回来试试：

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[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ source ~/.bashrc
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ ls /etc/apt/sources.list*
/etc/apt/sources.list  /etc/apt/sources.list~  /etc/apt/sources.list_backup  /etc/apt/sources.list.save
 
/etc/apt/sources.list.d:
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ mv /etc/apt/sources.list_backup /etc/apt/sources.list_backup_origin
mv: cannot move ‘/etc/apt/sources.list_backup’ to ‘/etc/apt/sources.list_backup_origin’: Permission denied
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list_backup /etc/apt/sources.list_backup_origin
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list_back^C /etc/apt/sources.list_backup_origin
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
 
(gedit:29032): IBUS-WARNING **: The owner of /home/crifan/.config/ibus/bus is not root!
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup_163
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list_backup /etc/apt/sources.list
cp: cannot stat ‘/etc/apt/sources.list_backup’: No such file or directory
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list_backup_origin /etc/apt/sources.list
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
 
(gedit:29050): IBUS-WARNING **: The owner of /home/crifan/.config/ibus/bus is not root!
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$

再apt-get update一下：

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[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo apt-get update
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring Release.gpg [933 B]      
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security Release.gpg [933 B]      
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates Release.gpg [933 B]      
Get:4 http://extras.ubuntu.com raring Release.gpg [72 B]                   
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports Release.gpg [933 B]       
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring Release [40.8 kB]                
Get:7 http://extras.ubuntu.com raring Release [9,756 B]                 
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security Release [40.8 kB]                      
Get:9 http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main Sources [14 B]                              
Get:10 http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main i386 Packages [14 B]                                              
Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates Release [40.8 kB]                 
Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports Release [40.8 kB]                   
Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/main Sources [963 kB]                               
Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/main Sources [36.2 kB]     
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main Translation-en_US                              
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main Translation-en                                 
Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/restricted Sources [14 B]  
Get:16 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/universe Sources [8,839 B]                                                                   
Get:17 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/multiverse Sources [1,825 B]                                                                 
Get:18 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/main i386 Packages [94.3 kB]                                                                 
Get:19 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/restricted Sources [5,987 B]                                                                        
Get:20 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/universe Sources [5,838 kB]                                                                         
Get:21 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/restricted i386 Packages [14 B]                                                              
Get:22 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/universe i386 Packages [32.9 kB]                                                             
Get:23 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/multiverse i386 Packages [3,612 B]                                                           
Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/main Translation-en [49.5 kB]                                                                
Get:25 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/multiverse Translation-en [1,566 B]                                                          
Get:26 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/restricted Translation-en [14 B]                                                             
Get:27 http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/universe Translation-en [20.9 kB]                                                            
Ign http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/main Translation-en_US                                                                          
Ign http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/multiverse Translation-en_US                                                                    
Ign http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/restricted Translation-en_US                                                                    
Ign http://security.ubuntu.com raring-security/universe Translation-en_US                                                                      
Get:28 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/multiverse Sources [171 kB]                                                                         
Get:29 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/main i386 Packages [1,168 kB]                                                                       
Get:30 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/restricted i386 Packages [9,623 B]                                                                  
Get:31 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/universe i386 Packages [5,405 kB]                                                                   
Get:32 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/multiverse i386 Packages [131 kB]                                                                   
Get:33 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/main Translation-en [673 kB]                                                                        
Get:34 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/multiverse Translation-en [98.4 kB]                                                                 
Get:35 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/restricted Translation-en [2,767 B]                                                                 
Get:36 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/universe Translation-en [3,736 kB]                                                                  
Get:37 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/main Sources [57.8 kB]                                                                      
Get:38 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/restricted Sources [14 B]                                                                   
Get:39 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/universe Sources [69.1 kB]                                                                  
Get:40 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/multiverse Sources [1,825 B]                                                                
Get:41 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/main i386 Packages [149 kB]                                                                 
Get:42 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/restricted i386 Packages [14 B]                                                             
Get:43 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/universe i386 Packages [134 kB]                                                             
Get:44 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/multiverse i386 Packages [3,612 B]                                                          
Get:45 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/main Translation-en [71.5 kB]                                                               
Get:46 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/multiverse Translation-en [1,566 B]                                                         
Get:47 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/restricted Translation-en [14 B]                                                            
Get:48 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/universe Translation-en [71.1 kB]                                                           
Get:49 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/main Sources [14 B]                                                                       
Get:50 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/restricted Sources [14 B]                                                                 
Get:51 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/universe Sources [5,134 B]                                                                
Get:52 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/multiverse Sources [1,403 B]                                                              
Get:53 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/main i386 Packages [14 B]                                                                 
Get:54 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/restricted i386 Packages [14 B]                                                           
Get:55 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/universe i386 Packages [6,239 B]                                                          
Get:56 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/multiverse i386 Packages [1,345 B]                                                        
Get:57 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/main Translation-en [14 B]                                                                
Get:58 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/multiverse Translation-en [1,040 B]                                                       
Get:59 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/restricted Translation-en [14 B]                                                          
Get:60 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/universe Translation-en [4,983 B]                                                         
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/main Translation-en_US                                                                                 
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-updates/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com raring-backports/universe Translation-en_US
Fetched 19.2 MB in 4min 36s (69.5 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$

然后再安装一下，然后终于可以了：

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[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java icedtea-7-jre-jamvm java-common openjdk-7-jre-lib tzdata-java
Suggested packages:
  default-jre equivs sun-java6-fonts ttf-dejavu-extra fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho ttf-telugu-fonts ttf-oriya-fonts
  ttf-kannada-fonts ttf-bengali-fonts
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java icedtea-7-jre-jamvm java-common openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-7-jre-lib tzdata-java
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 11 not upgraded.
Need to get 44.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 64.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

不过就是速度太慢。。。

7.那就中断下载，用图形界面方式，去换个速度更快的，支持13.04的源：

【记录】给Ubuntu更换源（sources.list）：从原始的us.archive.ubuntu.com换个支持13.04的速度更快的源

8.然后安装成功的log是：

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[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre-headless
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java icedtea-7-jre-jamvm java-common openjdk-7-jre-lib tzdata-java
Suggested packages:
  default-jre equivs sun-java6-fonts ttf-dejavu-extra fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho ttf-telugu-fonts ttf-oriya-fonts
  ttf-kannada-fonts ttf-bengali-fonts
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java icedtea-7-jre-jamvm java-common openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-7-jre-lib tzdata-java
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 11 not upgraded.
Need to get 44.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 64.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Get:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main openjdk-7-jre-lib all 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2 [5,541 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main ca-certificates-java all 20121112+nmu2 [13.6 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main tzdata-java all 2013b-1ubuntu1 [141 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main java-common all 0.43ubuntu4 [134 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main openjdk-7-jre-headless i386 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2 [37.9 MB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main icedtea-7-jre-jamvm i386 7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2 [596 kB]                    
Fetched 41.0 MB in 17s (2,351 kB/s)                                                                                                            
Selecting previously unselected package openjdk-7-jre-lib.
(Reading database ... 187639 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking openjdk-7-jre-lib (from .../openjdk-7-jre-lib_7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ca-certificates-java.
Unpacking ca-certificates-java (from .../ca-certificates-java_20121112+nmu2_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package tzdata-java.
Unpacking tzdata-java (from .../tzdata-java_2013b-1ubuntu1_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package java-common.
Unpacking java-common (from .../java-common_0.43ubuntu4_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package openjdk-7-jre-headless:i386.
Unpacking openjdk-7-jre-headless:i386 (from .../openjdk-7-jre-headless_7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package icedtea-7-jre-jamvm:i386.
Unpacking icedtea-7-jre-jamvm:i386 (from .../icedtea-7-jre-jamvm_7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for ca-certificates ...
Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs... 0 added, 0 removed; done.
Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d....done.
Processing triggers for doc-base ...
Processing 2 added doc-base files...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up tzdata-java (2013b-1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up java-common (0.43ubuntu4) ...
Setting up openjdk-7-jre-headless:i386 (7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/keytool to provide /usr/bin/keytool (keytool) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/pack200 to provide /usr/bin/pack200 (pack200) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/rmid to provide /usr/bin/rmid (rmid) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/rmiregistry to provide /usr/bin/rmiregistry (rmiregistry) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/unpack200 to provide /usr/bin/unpack200 (unpack200) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/orbd to provide /usr/bin/orbd (orbd) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/servertool to provide /usr/bin/servertool (servertool) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/tnameserv to provide /usr/bin/tnameserv (tnameserv) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/lib/jexec to provide /usr/bin/jexec (jexec) in auto mode
Setting up ca-certificates-java (20121112+nmu2) ...
Adding debian:A-Trust-nQual-03.pem
Adding debian:Baltimore_CyberTrust_Root.pem
Adding debian:Security_Communication_EV_RootCA1.pem
Adding debian:America_Online_Root_Certification_Authority_1.pem
Adding debian:Digital_Signature_Trust_Co._Global_CA_1.pem
Adding debian:AC_Raíz_Certicámara_S.A..pem
Adding debian:AddTrust_External_Root.pem
Adding debian:NetLock_Express_=Class_C=_Root.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_2_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G3.pem
Adding debian:Staat_der_Nederlanden_Root_CA_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Global_CA.pem
Adding debian:IGC_A.pem
Adding debian:Buypass_Class_2_CA_1.pem
Adding debian:AffirmTrust_Commercial.pem
Adding debian:Thawte_Premium_Server_CA.pem
Adding debian:AddTrust_Public_Services_Root.pem
Adding debian:Trustis_FPS_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:TC_TrustCenter_Universal_CA_I.pem
Adding debian:Network_Solutions_Certificate_Authority.pem
Adding debian:UTN_USERFirst_Hardware_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Root_CA_Generalitat_Valenciana.pem
Adding debian:America_Online_Root_Certification_Authority_2.pem
Adding debian:DigiCert_Assured_ID_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:AffirmTrust_Premium.pem
Adding debian:SecureTrust_CA.pem
Adding debian:Comodo_Trusted_Services_root.pem
Adding debian:TC_TrustCenter_Class_2_CA_II.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G3.pem
Adding debian:Secure_Global_CA.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Universal_CA_2.pem
Adding debian:spi-cacert-2008.pem
Adding debian:AffirmTrust_Premium_ECC.pem
Adding debian:Equifax_Secure_CA.pem
Adding debian:Go_Daddy_Class_2_CA.pem
Adding debian:UTN_DATACorp_SGC_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Comodo_Secure_Services_root.pem
Adding debian:SwissSign_Platinum_CA_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:Firmaprofesional_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Staat_der_Nederlanden_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:cacert.org.pem
Adding debian:ComSign_Secured_CA.pem
Adding debian:StartCom_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:Camerfirma_Chambers_of_Commerce_Root.pem
Adding debian:Wells_Fargo_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:QuoVadis_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:TDC_OCES_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:SecureSign_RootCA11.pem
Adding debian:spi-ca-2003.pem
Adding debian:Security_Communication_RootCA2.pem
Adding debian:Starfield_Services_Root_Certificate_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:VeriSign_Universal_Root_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:WellsSecure_Public_Root_Certificate_Authority.pem
Adding debian:Buypass_Class_3_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:TC_TrustCenter_Class_3_CA_II.pem
Adding debian:Deutsche_Telekom_Root_CA_2.pem
Adding debian:GlobalSign_Root_CA_-_R3.pem
Adding debian:CNNIC_ROOT.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_1_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G3.pem
Adding debian:Chambers_of_Commerce_Root_-_2008.pem
Adding debian:Sonera_Class_2_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Digital_Signature_Trust_Co._Global_CA_3.pem
Adding debian:Actalis_Authentication_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:UbuntuOne-Go_Daddy_CA.pem
Adding debian:CA_Disig.pem
Adding debian:XRamp_Global_CA_Root.pem
Adding debian:Equifax_Secure_eBusiness_CA_1.pem
Adding debian:UTN_USERFirst_Email_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:DigiCert_Global_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_1_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:TWCA_Root_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:Thawte_Server_CA.pem
Adding debian:Hongkong_Post_Root_CA_1.pem
Adding debian:thawte_Primary_Root_CA_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:Cybertrust_Global_Root.pem
Adding debian:VeriSign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G4.pem
Adding debian:OISTE_WISeKey_Global_Root_GA_CA.pem
Adding debian:Entrust.net_Secure_Server_CA.pem
Adding debian:RSA_Root_Certificate_1.pem
Adding debian:Certigna.pem
Adding debian:TDC_Internet_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:SwissSign_Silver_CA_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:certSIGN_ROOT_CA.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Universal_CA.pem
Adding debian:Comodo_AAA_Services_root.pem
Adding debian:NetLock_Business_=Class_B=_Root.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:Starfield_Root_Certificate_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:Visa_eCommerce_Root.pem
Adding debian:DST_ACES_CA_X6.pem
Adding debian:NetLock_Arany_=Class_Gold=_Főtanúsítvány.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:GlobalSign_Root_CA_-_R2.pem
Adding debian:thawte_Primary_Root_CA_-_G3.pem
Adding debian:Security_Communication_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Certinomis_-_Autorité_Racine.pem
Adding debian:AddTrust_Qualified_Certificates_Root.pem
Adding debian:EC-ACC.pem
Adding debian:Microsec_e-Szigno_Root_CA_2009.pem
Adding debian:NetLock_Qualified_=Class_QA=_Root.pem
Adding debian:T-TeleSec_GlobalRoot_Class_3.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Global_CA_2.pem
Adding debian:ApplicationCA_-_Japanese_Government.pem
Adding debian:TC_TrustCenter_Universal_CA_III.pem
Adding debian:Buypass_Class_2_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Entrust.net_Premium_2048_Secure_Server_CA.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Primary_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:Starfield_Class_2_CA.pem
Adding debian:AddTrust_Low-Value_Services_Root.pem
Adding debian:QuoVadis_Root_CA_3.pem
Adding debian:Juur-SK.pem
Adding debian:Go_Daddy_Root_Certificate_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:EBG_Elektronik_Sertifika_Hizmet_Sağlayıcısı.pem
Adding debian:Entrust_Root_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:DST_Root_CA_X3.pem
Adding debian:TÜBİTAK_UEKAE_Kök_Sertifika_Hizmet_Sağlayıcısı_-_Sürüm_3.pem
Adding debian:Microsec_e-Szigno_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:S-TRUST_Authentication_and_Encryption_Root_CA_2005_PN.pem
Adding debian:ValiCert_Class_1_VA.pem
Adding debian:Buypass_Class_3_CA_1.pem
Adding debian:RSA_Security_2048_v3.pem
Adding debian:VeriSign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G5.pem
Adding debian:StartCom_Certification_Authority_G2.pem
Adding debian:thawte_Primary_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:E-Guven_Kok_Elektronik_Sertifika_Hizmet_Saglayicisi.pem
Adding debian:AffirmTrust_Networking.pem
Adding debian:NetLock_Notary_=Class_A=_Root.pem
Adding debian:Izenpe.com.pem
Adding debian:Swisscom_Root_CA_1.pem
Adding debian:GlobalSign_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:DigiCert_High_Assurance_EV_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:COMODO_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_1_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:GTE_CyberTrust_Global_Root.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G3.pem
Adding debian:Certum_Trusted_Network_CA.pem
Adding debian:GeoTrust_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:Autoridad_de_Certificacion_Firmaprofesional_CIF_A62634068.pem
Adding debian:ACEDICOM_Root.pem
Adding debian:ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
Adding debian:EE_Certification_Centre_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:ValiCert_Class_2_VA.pem
Adding debian:ComSign_CA.pem
Adding debian:QuoVadis_Root_CA_2.pem
Adding debian:Global_Chambersign_Root_-_2008.pem
Adding debian:*_GRCA.pem
Adding debian:ca.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_2_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:UbuntuOne-ValiCert_Class_2_VA.pem
Adding debian:Verisign_Class_4_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority_-_G3.pem
Adding debian:Equifax_Secure_eBusiness_CA_2.pem
Adding debian:Equifax_Secure_Global_eBusiness_CA.pem
Adding debian:SwissSign_Gold_CA_-_G2.pem
Adding debian:Hellenic_Academic_and_Research_Institutions_RootCA_2011.pem
Adding debian:TURKTRUST_Certificate_Services_Provider_Root_1.pem
Adding debian:UbuntuOne-Go_Daddy_Class_2_CA.pem
Adding debian:Camerfirma_Global_Chambersign_Root.pem
Adding debian:ePKI_Root_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:TURKTRUST_Certificate_Services_Provider_Root_2.pem
Adding debian:Certplus_Class_2_Primary_CA.pem
Adding debian:COMODO_ECC_Certification_Authority.pem
Adding debian:Certum_Root_CA.pem
Adding debian:Sonera_Class_1_Root_CA.pem
done.
Setting up icedtea-7-jre-jamvm:i386 (7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2) ...
Setting up openjdk-7-jre-lib (7u25-2.3.10-1ubuntu0.13.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for ca-certificates ...
Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs... 0 added, 0 removed; done.
Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d....
done.
done.
[email protected]:openjdk-7-7u25-2.3.10$

 

【总结】

最后是，将Ubuntu的源，从163（其目前只支持12.04的Ubuntu），换到别的，支持13.04的源，比如默认的us或者是速度更快的ustc的，都可以正常的去安装java了。


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