一、springMVC环境搭建和第一个程序

一、导包

spring-aop.jar

spring-context.jar

spring-core.jar

spring-web.jar

spring-bean.jar

 

spring-webmvc.jar

commons-loging.jar

 

相较于spring,springMVC多了spring-webMVC.jar和commons-loging.jar 包

 

二、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"

version="4.0">

 

<!--欢迎页面-->

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

 

<!--配置springDispatcherServlet,所有的请求都交给springMVCDispatcherServlet处理-->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

 

<!--初始化信息,告诉DispatcherServletspringmvc.xml加载的地址-->

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

 

<!--项目启动时就加载-->

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

 

<!--配置拦截,将所有的请求都交给springDispatcherServlet处理-->

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

 

</web-app>

 

普通的servlet流程:

请求-url-pattern -交给对应的servlet去处理

 

如果现在想用springmvc,而不是普通的servlet,如何告知程序?-如何让springmvc 介入程序:

需要配置一个 Springmvc自带的DispatcherServlet

 

拦截注意:

/ :拦截所有的请求

/user  :拦截以user开头的请求

user/user.do  : 只拦截该请求

.action  :只拦截以.action结尾的请求

 

项目中同时兼容 springMVC和Servlet:

  <servlet-mapping>

      <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

      <url-pattern>.action</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

 

三、创建控制层springMVCHandler.java

package org.hk.handler;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

 

//注解说明此类是一个控制类

@Controller

 

public class springMvcHandler {

//表示拦截的具体请求

@RequestMapping("welcome")

public String welcome(){

return "success";

}

 

}

 

 

四、创建springMVC的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd">

 

<!-- 扫描 有注解的包 -->

<context:component-scan base-package="org.hk.handler"></context:component-scan>

 

<!--配置视图解析器(InternalResourceViewResolver) -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

<property name="prefix" value="/views/"></property>  //前缀

<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>     //后缀

   /views/(前缀)+requestMapping返回值+.jsp(后缀)

</bean>

</beans>

 

可以通过<init-param>  指定配置文件的地址

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

 

如果不指定的话就必须放到 默认路径:

/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml

 

 

五、测试

 

创建两个jsp,index.jsp和在views目录下创建success.jsp

 

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

<a href="welcome">点击进入springmvc</a>

</body>

</html>

 

 

success.jsp

一、springMVC环境搭建和第一个程序

 

</head>

<body>

欢迎进入springmvc

</body>

</html>

 

然后启动Tomcat服务器运行