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Lvs+keepalived实现负载均衡、故障剔除(DR模式)

分类: 文章 • 2023-11-10 10:22:34
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Lvs+keepalived实现负载均衡、故障剔除(DR模式)
Node1: 192.168.1.253
Node2: 192.168.1.254
VIP: 192.168.1.250
环境centos5.2（我这里是用两台机实现的）
1、安装ipvsadm
yum -y install ipvsadm
2、安装keepalived
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~]# cd keepalived-1.1.15
[[email protected] keepalived-1.1.15]# ./configure --prefix=/ --mandir=/usr/local/share/man/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-92.el5-i686/
configure后会输入这结果为正确
Keepalived configuration
------------------------
Keepalived version:1.1.15
Compiler: gcc
Compiler flags: -g -O2
Extra Lib: -lpopt -lssl -lcrypto
Use IPVS Framework: Yes#支持lvs
IPVS sync daemon support : Yes
Use VRRP Framework: Yes
Use LinkWatch: No
Use Debug flags: No
[[email protected] keepalived-1.1.15]# make && make install
到此，lvs+keepalived安装完成。但是还不能使用lvs功能，接下来以dr模式配置lvs+keepalived
3、[[email protected] ~]#cd /etc/keepalived/
[[email protected] keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from[email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER##主lvs设置成master
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 102##从lvs设置成99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_typePASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.250 ##如多个vip，继续换行填写。
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.250 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wlc
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.253 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 30
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.254 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 30
}
}
好了，keepalived配置完成了。
启动keepalived
[[email protected] ~]#/etc/init.d/keepalived start
如果要随系统启动，执行chkconfig --add keepalived
chkconfig keepalivedon
4、接着配置真实服务器，这里通过脚本来实现吧(这个脚本只在WEB机上执行，我现在是用两台机。服务器既充当lvs、也充当web机)
[[email protected] keepalived]#vim realserver
#!/bin/bash
#description : start realserver
VIP=192.168.1.250
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
echo " start LVS of REALServer"
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
echo "close LVS Directorserver"
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
[[email protected] keepalived]# chmod +x realserver
[[email protected] keepalived]# ./realserver start
5、启动keepalived (附启动日志)
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start(主LVS)
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.15(10/15,2009)
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.253 added
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.0.0.253 added
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 11891 Bytes
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.1.253:80]
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.1.254:80]
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=28419
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.253 added
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=28420
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.0.0.253 added
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 36278 Bytes
Oct 15 13:59:36 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(8,9)]
Oct 15 13:59:37 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition toMASTERSTATE
Oct 15 13:59:38 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringMASTERSTATE
Oct 15 13:59:38 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Oct 15 13:59:38 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.250
Oct 15 13:59:38 vmtest Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.250 added
Oct 15 13:59:38 vmtest avahi-daemon[2580]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.250 on eth0.
Oct 15 13:59:38 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.250 added
Oct 15 13:59:43 vmtest Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.250
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start(从LVS)
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.15(10/12,2009)
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=11157
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=11159
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 36712 Bytes
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringBACKUPSTATE
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(7,8)]
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 12417 Bytes
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.1.253:80]
Oct 15 15:40:26 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.1.254:80]
绿色字体表示启动成功
6、测试，我现在停掉主lvs上面的keepalived，从lvs会出现以下日志，表示从lvs能正常接管主的lvs，从而实现lvs主从互备功能，当主lvs的keepalived启动后。会自动切换回来
[[email protected] ~]# tali -f /var/log/messages
Oct 15 15:43:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition toMASTERSTATE
Oct 15 15:43:19 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringMASTERSTATE
Oct 15 15:43:19 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Oct 15 15:43:19 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.250
Oct 15 15:43:19 node1 avahi-daemon[3087]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.250 on eth0.
Oct 15 15:43:24 node1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.250
7、测试down机，比如我这机跑的是web服务，我现在停止apache，出现以下现像
Lvs+keepalived实现负载均衡、故障剔除(DR模式)
绿线画的是lvs正常，当我停止httpd的时候，再看lvs时，192.168.1.253这个IP已不在lvs表中（画红线处），因为我停掉了httpd服务。
我再启动httpd服务时，再查看lvs，192.168.1.253又自动加进表中（画蓝线处），此时已实现了负载均衡、故障剔除功能。
8、心得
这个配置只需要两个软件就可以了，ipvsadm、keepalived，再加上一个脚本，这个脚本只在
web机上执行
还有keepalived的配置文件，在一台机上配置好了之后，直接拷到另一台机去，拷到另一台
机只需要改动两个地方
vrrp_instanceVI_1{
stateMASTER ##主lvs设置成master
interfaceeth0
virtual_router_id51
priority102 ##从lvs设置成 99
stateMASTER 如果是从lvs，则改成BACKUP，priority102 改为小于100.

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