ubuntu下cacti安装配置
ubuntu下cacti安装配置
参考文献
http://kling.blog.51cto.com/3320545/1180778
前言：
原本是想源码安装的，但是现在发现还是太麻烦了，就直接通过apt-get install安装了。
一、cacti概述
1. cacti是用php语言实现的一个软件，它的主要功能是用snmp服务获取数据，然后用rrdtool储存和更新数据，当用户需要查看数据的时候用rrdtool生成图表呈现给用户。因此，snmp和rrdtool是cacti的关键。Snmp关系着数据的收集，rrdtool关系着数据存储和图表的生成。
2. Mysql配合PHP程序存储一些变量数据并对变量数据进行调用，如：主机名、主机ip、snmp团体名、端口号、模板信息等变量。
3. snmp抓到数据不是存储在mysql中，而是存在rrdtool生成的rrd文件中（在cacti根目录的rra文件夹下）。rrdtool对数据的更新和存储就是对rrd文件的处理，rrd文件是大小固定的档案文件（Round Robin Archive），它能够存储的数据笔数在创建时就已经定义。
二、系统环境
1、Linux ubuntu-server 3.5.0-23-generic x86_64
三、apache、mysql、php安装
参考：http://developer.51cto.com/art/201110/299303.htm
四、cacti安装
[email protected]:~$ apt-get update [email protected]-server:~$ sudo apt-get install cacti
通过这种方式安装会显示依赖包
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libperl5.14 libphp-adodb libsensors4 libsnmp-base libsnmp15 mysql-server php5-snmp rrdtool snmp Suggested packages: php5-ldap php5-adodb lm-sensors snmp-mibs-downloader The following NEW packages will be installed: cacti libperl5.14 libphp-adodb libsensors4 libsnmp-base libsnmp15 mysql-server php5-snmp rrdtool snmp 0 upgraded, 10 newly installed, 0 to remove and 113 not upgraded. Need to get 4,205 kB/4,574 kB of archives. After this operation, 12.6 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Get:1 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main php5-cli amd64 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 [3,051 kB] Get:2 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main php5-mysql amd64 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 [76.6 kB] Get:3 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main php5-gd amd64 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 [38.8 kB] Get:4 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main libapache2-mod-php5 amd64 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 [3,137 kB] Get:5 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main php5-common amd64 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 [1,774 kB] Get:6 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main libsnmp-base all 5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2 [217 kB] Get:7 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main libsnmp15 amd64 5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2 [1,334 kB] Get:8 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main mysql-server all 5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [11.4 kB] Get:9 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main php5-snmp amd64 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 [11.0 kB] Get:10 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main snmp amd64 5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2 [162 kB] Fetched 9,813 kB in 16s (594 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Package configuration
下面是安装过程截图
选中Apache2以后，接下来再会安装一些软件
Selecting previously unselected package libsensors4. (Reading database ... 58559 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libsensors4 (from .../libsensors4_1%3a3.3.1-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb) ... Preparing to replace php5-cli 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.10 (using .../php5-cli_5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement php5-cli ... Preparing to replace php5-mysql 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.10 (using .../php5-mysql_5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement php5-mysql ... Preparing to replace php5-gd 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.10 (using .../php5-gd_5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement php5-gd ... Preparing to replace libapache2-mod-php5 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.10 (using .../libapache2-mod-php5_5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libapache2-mod-php5 ... Preparing to replace php5-common 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.10 (using .../php5-common_5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement php5-common ... Selecting previously unselected package libperl5.14. Unpacking libperl5.14 (from .../libperl5.14_5.14.2-6ubuntu2.4_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libphp-adodb. Unpacking libphp-adodb (from .../libphp-adodb_5.12-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libsnmp-base. Unpacking libsnmp-base (from .../libsnmp-base_5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libsnmp15. Unpacking libsnmp15 (from .../libsnmp15_5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server. Unpacking mysql-server (from .../mysql-server_5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package php5-snmp. Unpacking php5-snmp (from .../php5-snmp_5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package snmp. Unpacking snmp (from .../snmp_5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package rrdtool. Unpacking rrdtool (from .../rrdtool_1.4.7-1_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package cacti. Unpacking cacti (from .../cacti_0.8.7i-2ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up libsensors4 (1:3.3.1-2ubuntu1) ... Setting up php5-common (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13) ... Setting up php5-cli (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13) ... Setting up libapache2-mod-php5 (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13) ... * Reloading web server config apache2 ...done. Setting up php5-mysql (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13) ... Setting up php5-gd (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13) ... Setting up libperl5.14 (5.14.2-6ubuntu2.4) ... Setting up libphp-adodb (5.12-1) ... Setting up libsnmp-base (5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2) ... Setting up libsnmp15 (5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2) ... Setting up mysql-server (5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ... Setting up php5-snmp (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13) ... Setting up snmp (5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2) ... Setting up rrdtool (1.4.7-1) ... Setting up cacti (0.8.7i-2ubuntu1) ... dbconfig-common: writing config to /etc/dbconfig-common/cacti.conf Creating config file /etc/dbconfig-common/cacti.conf with new version Creating config file /etc/cacti/debian.php with new version granting access to database cacti for [email protected]: success. verifying access for [email protected]: success. creating database cacti: success. verifying database cacti exists: success. populating database via sql... done. dbconfig-common: flushing administrative password Creating config file /etc/cacti/apache.conf with new version Creating config file /etc/cacti/lighttpd.conf with new version * Reloading web server config apache2 ...done. Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
网页安装
在安装完上面内容以后，请进入以下地址http://your-ip/cacti/再安装
安装snmpd
[email protected]:~$ sudo apt-get install snmpd Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: snmpd 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 146 not upgraded. Need to get 76.0 kB of archives. After this operation, 267 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main snmpd amd64 5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2 [76.0 kB] Fetched 76.0 kB in 0s (97.6 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously unselected package snmpd. (Reading database ... 59498 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking snmpd (from .../snmpd_5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up snmpd (5.4.3~dfsg-2.4ubuntu1.2) ... update-rc.d: warning: snmpd stop runlevel arguments (1) do not match LSB Default-Stop values (0 1 6) * Starting network management services: [email protected]-server:~$
测试snmp的服务
[email protected]:~$ snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 iso.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 = STRING: "Linux ubuntu-server 3.5.0-23-generic #35~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 25 17:13:26 UTC 2013 x86_64" [email protected]-server:~$
查看localhost的监控画面
在配置完毕上述内容以后，正常情况下应该可以看到cacti对于自身localhost的的默认监控了。我们进入到Graphs->Tree Mode->Default Tree->Host:Localhost当中查看对于localhost的监控，如下图所示。
常见问题解决
问题1：cacti无法正常生成图片
在cacti当中看不到图片，通过Turn Off Graph Debug Mode.提示报错如下：
'/var/lib/cacti/rra/localhost_users_6.rrd': No such file or directory
解决方法：
这是因为权限问题原因导致的，系统无法生成相应的rrd文件，需要我们人工手动生成，具体操作方法如下：
Console->System Utilities->Rebuild Poller Cache