监控利器 --- Zabbix的安装

首先大致了解下监控体系。监控一共分为如下几大类：

1、硬件监控

IPMI（磁盘监控较弱）
企业用的主流服务器一般都带有远程控制卡，IBM（RSA）、DELL（DRAC）、HP（ILO）。独立于服务器系统，用于实时探测服务器硬件运行信息（也可用于远程管理服务器）。统一采用ipmitools进行管理。

使用 ipmitool 实现 Linux 系统下对服务器的 ipmi 管理可参考IBM文档：

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-ipmi/index.html

MegaCli---磁盘监控

2、系统监控

（1）cpu、内存、io等系统性能相关值

3、网络监控

第三方工具：基调、博瑞、监控宝 ...

开源工具：smokeping

4、应用监控

5、日志监控

第三方工具：日志易

6、业务监控
用户体验相关问题

那Zabbix 是否可以实现上述监控需求呢？

在Zabbix Create host 页面，我们可以看到Zabbix提供了4种接口：需要安装zabbix agent的、仅仅需要SNMP协议支持的、更方便的Java应用监控、及IPMI硬件监控。除了部分业务监控实现较复杂之外，基本涵盖了常规监控需求。

监控利器 --- Zabbix的安装

下面先来了解下Zabbix安装的过程

Zabbix监控系统的安装一般采用如下组件：PHP+Nginx+MySQL+Zabbix

一、安装PHP

- 安装依赖包

确保安装之前有安装gd,png,curl,xml等等lib开发库。如果不确定，执行以下命令：

yum -y install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel

================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================================

Installing for dependencies:

autoconf noarch 2.63-5.1.el6 base 781 k

automake noarch 1.11.1-4.el6 base 550 k

fontconfig x86_64 2.8.0-5.el6 base 186 k

(rpm -ivh XXX.rpm --replacefiles升级)

freetype x86_64 2.3.11-17.el6 base 361 k

zlib-devel x86_64 1.2.3-29.el6 base 44 k

freetype-devel x86_64 2.3.11-17.el6 base 365 k

fontconfig-devel x86_64 2.8.0-5.el6 base 209 k

libXpm x86_64 3.5.10-2.el6 base 51 k

libXpm-devel x86_64 3.5.10-2.el6 base 33 k

（加参数 --nodeps）

gd x86_64 2.0.35-11.el6 base 142 k

libX11-common noarch 1.6.3-2.el6 base 169 k

libxcb x86_64 1.11-2.el6 base 142 k

libxcb-devel x86_64 1.11-2.el6 base 1.1 M

libX11 x86_64 1.6.3-2.el6 base 586 k

libX11-devel x86_64 1.6.3-2.el6 base 984 k

xorg-x11-proto-devel noarch 7.7-13.el6 base 286 k

libXau-devel x86_64 1.0.6-4.el6 base 14 k

libidn-devel x86_64 1.18-2.el6 base 137 k

Installing:

bzip2-devel x86_64 1.0.5-7.el6_0 base 250 k

libjpeg-turbo x86_64 1.2.1-3.el6_5 base 174 k

libjpeg-turbo-devel x86_64 1.2.1-3.el6_5 base 96 k

libpng x86_64 2:1.2.49-2.el6_7 base 182 k

libpng-devel x86_64 2:1.2.49-2.el6_7 base 112 k

gd-devel x86_64 2.0.35-11.el6 base 78 k

libcurl x86_64 7.19.7-52.el6 base 169 k

libcurl-devel x86_64 7.19.7-52.el6 base 247 k

libxml2 x86_64 2.7.6-21.el6 base 803 k

libxml2-devel x86_64 2.7.6-21.el6 base 1.1 M

##################################################

Updating:

libgcc x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 103 k

libgomp x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 134 k

cpp x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 3.7 M

gcc x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 10 M

make x86_64 1:3.81-23.el6 base 389 k

curl x86_64 7.19.7-52.el6 base 197 k

libxml2-python x86_64 2.7.6-21.el6 base 323 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================================

Install 19 Package(s)

Upgrade 16 Package(s)

- 编译安装PHP 5.5.0

zabbix特别要求的安装参数

bcmath --enable-bcmath

mbstring --enable-mbstring

sockets --enable-sockets

gd --with-gd

libxml --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local

xmlwriter 同上

xmlreader 同上

ctype 默认支持

session 默认支持

gettext 默认支持

以下参数支持,ftp,图片函数,pdo等支持,因为使用了php自带的mysqlnd，所以不需要额外安装mysql的lib库了.如果你是64位系统，参数后面加上--with-libdir=lib64，如果不是可以跳过。

tar -xjf php-5.5.0.tar.bz2

cd php-5.5.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-5.5.0 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-5.5.0/etc --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-ftp --enable-sockets --disable-ipv6 --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local --with-png-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --enable-mbstring --enable-calendar --with-gettext --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-zlib --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-dom --enable-xml --enable-fpm --with-libdir=lib64 --enable-bcmath

make

make install

- 配置php

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-5.5.0/etc/php.ini

修改部分参数，确保后续能安装zabbix：

memory_limit = 128M

post_max_size = 32M

max_execution_time = 300

max_input_time = 300

mbstring.func_overload = 1

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

cp /usr/local/php-5.5.0/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php-5.5.0/etc/php-fpm.conf

- 启动php-fpm

/usr/local/php-5.5.0/sbin/php-fpm

执行以上命令，如果没报错一般情况下表示启动正常,如果不放心,也可以通过端口判断是PHP否启动

# netstat -nlt | grep 9000

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

二、安装Nginx

- 安装pcre

为了支持rewrite功能，我们需要安装pcre

================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================================

Updating:

pcre x86_64 7.8-7.el6 base 196 k

Installing:

pcre-devel x86_64 7.8-7.el6 base 320 k

pcre-static x86_64 7.8-7.el6 base 83 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================================

Install 2 Package(s)

Upgrade 1 Package(s)

- 安装openssl

需要ssl的支持

# yum install openssl*

================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================================

Installing for dependencies:

###################################

keyutils-libs x86_64 1.4-5.el6 base 20 k

keyutils-libs-devel x86_64 1.4-5.el6 base 29 k

krb5-libs x86_64 1.10.3-57.el6 base 770 k

libcom_err x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 37 k

libselinux x86_64 2.0.94-7.el6 base 109 k

libcom_err-devel x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 33 k

libsepol-devel x86_64 2.0.41-4.el6 base 64 k

libselinux-devel x86_64 2.0.94-7.el6 base 137 k

krb5-devel x86_64 1.10.3-57.el6 base 504 k

perl-WWW-Curl x86_64 4.09-4.el6 base 47 k

e2fsprogs-libs x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 121 k

libss x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 42 k

e2fsprogs x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 554 k

libselinux-python x86_64 2.0.94-7.el6 base 203 k

libselinux-utils x86_64 2.0.94-7.el6 base 82 k

Installing for dependencies:

###################################

Installing:

openssl x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates 1.5 M

openssl-devel x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates 1.2 M

openssl-perl x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates 56 k

openssl-static x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates 997 k

openssl098e x86_64 0.9.8e-20.el6.centos.1 base 762 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================================

Install 10 Package(s)

Upgrade 10 Package(s)

- 安装nginx

执行如下命令：

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre

注：

--with-http_stub_status_module：支持nginx状态查询

--with-http_ssl_module：支持https

--with-http_spdy_module：支持google的spdy,想了解请百度spdy,这个必须有ssl的支持

--with-pcre：为了支持rewrite重写功能，必须制定pcre

make && make install

启动 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx，并查看是否已启动

查看html文件

在防火墙放行80端口后，浏览器内应该能正常打开 http://IP/index.html

三、安装MySQL

- 依赖包安装

================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================================

Installing:

bison x86_64 2.4.1-5.el6 base 637 k

bzr x86_64 2.1.1-2.el6 base 5.3 M

cmake x86_64 2.8.12.2-4.el6 base 8.0 M

expat-devel x86_64 2.0.1-11.el6_2 base 120 k

gcc-c++ x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 4.7 M

imake x86_64 1.0.2-11.el6 base 262 k

libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 base 13 k

libtool x86_64 2.2.6-15.5.el6 base 564 k

Installing for dependencies:

libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 1.6 M

python-crypto x86_64 2.0.1-22.el6 base 159 k

python-paramiko noarch 1.7.5-2.1.el6 base 728 k

Updating for dependencies:

libstdc++ x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 295 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================================

Install 11 Package(s)

Upgrade 1 Package(s)

Installed:

ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6

Dependency Updated:

ncurses-base.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6 ncurses-libs.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6

- cmake 安装mysql

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/msql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITON_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=0 -DWITH_READLINE=1

make && make install

- 初始化

#groupadd mysql

#useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql

cp support-files/my-default.cnf /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile

source /etc/profile

echo $PATH

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts

./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql 安装完成输出两个OK表示成功

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

#/etc/init.d/mysqld start

四、安装Zabbix-Server

- 依赖包安装

net-snmp-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel mysql-devel

- 创建用户（以root身份启动zabbix时，会自动切换为zabbix用户来执行，故需要创建zabbix用户）

# groupadd zabbix

# useradd zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -M -g zabbix

- 编译安装

# mkdir /usr/local/zabbix

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix/ --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-net-snmp --with-openipmi --with-libxml2 --with-unixodbc --with-libcurl

编译参数说明：

--with-net-snmp：开启snmp监控

--with-openipmi：开启IPMI监控

--with-libxml2：开启虚拟机监控

--with-unixodbc：开启支持ODBC的数据库监控

--with-libcurl：开启WEB监控

# make && make install

- 初始化数据库

mysql> create database zabbix default charset utf8;

初始化proxy的数据库：

# mysql -uroot -p123456 zabbix < [源码目录下]/database/mysql/schema.sql

初始化server需要另外再导两份数据：

# mysql -uroot -p123456 zabbix < [源码目录下]/database/mysql/images.sql

# mysql -uroot -p123456 zabbix < [源码目录下]/database/mysql/data.sql

- 修改zabbix server配置文件

# cp [源码目录下]/conf/zabbix_server.conf /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf

# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf

DBName=zabbix

DBUser=zabbix

DBHost=hostname

DBPassword=123456

DBPort=3306

DBSocket = $Socket_file_path

- 启动zabbix server

cp [源码目录下]/misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_server /etc/init.d/zabbix_server

# vim /etc/init.d/zabbix_server

BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix

# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/zabbix_server

# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server start

注：error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

[FAILED]解决方法：

# locate libmysqlclient.so.18

/usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

/usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0

# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

# ldconfig

# /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server start

Starting zabbix_server: [ OK ]

- zabbix前端web页面

复制源码包下的frontends

# cp -rp [源码目录]/frontends/php/* /usr/local/nginx/html/

再修改nginx的配置，使之支持php

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nignx.conf

location / {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}

location ~\.php${

fast_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

}

- zabbix server 防火墙配置

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables 放行80、9000、10050、10051端口

-A INPUT -s [内网段] -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s [内网段] -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 9000 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s [Server端IP] -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 10050:10051 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s [Server端IP] -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 10050:10051 -j ACCEPT

# service iptables restart

- Web端，部分参数最后的配置

现在可以打开 http://IP/zabbix/setup.php 进行配置了