vm15使用iso映像文件_什么是ISO文件（以及如何使用它们）？

vm15使用iso映像文件

An ISO file (often called an ISO image), is an archive file that contains an identical copy (or image) of data found on an optical disc, like a CD or DVD. They are often used for backing up optical discs, or for distributing large file sets that are intended to burned to an optical disc.

ISO文件(通常称为ISO映像)是一个存档文件，其中包含在CD或DVD等光盘上找到的数据的相同副本(或图像)。它们通常用于备份光盘，或分发打算刻录到光盘的大文件集。

什么是ISO映像？ (What is an ISO Image?)

The name ISO was taken from the name of the file system used by optical media, which is usually ISO 9660. You can think of an ISO image as a complete copy of everything stored on a physical optical disc like CD, DVD, or Blu-ray disc—including the file system itself. They are a sector-by-sector copy of the disc, and no compression is used. The idea behind ISO images is that you can archive an exact digital copy of a disc, and then later use that image to burn a new disc that’s in turn an exact copy of the original. Most operating systems (and many utilities) also allow you to mount an ISO image as a virtual disc, in which case all your apps treat it as if a real optical disc were inserted.

ISO名称取自光学媒体使用的文件系统名称，通常为ISO9660。您可以将ISO映像视为存储在物理光盘(如CD，DVD或Blu-光盘-包括文件系统本身。它们是光盘的逐个扇区的副本，并且不使用压缩。 ISO映像背后的想法是，您可以存档光盘的精确数字副本，然后在以后使用该映像刻录新光盘，该光盘又是原始光盘的精确副本。大多数操作系统(和许多实用程序)还允许您将ISO映像挂载为虚拟光盘，在这种情况下，所有应用程序都将其视为已插入真实光盘。

While many people do use ISO images for creating backups of their optical disc, ISO images these days are used primarily for distributing large programs and operating systems, because it allows all the files to be contained in one easily downloadable file. People can then decide whether they want to mount that image or use it to burn an optical disc.

尽管许多人确实使用ISO映像来创建其光盘的备份，但是如今，ISO映像主要用于分发大型程序和操作系统，因为它允许将所有文件包含在一个易于下载的文件中。然后，人们可以决定是要挂载该映像还是使用该映像刻录光盘。

Most downloadable operating systems, including Windows and various Linux distros are distributed as ISO images. This comes in handy when downloading the current version of Ubuntu to install on your machine or installing that old game disc on a laptop without a physical drive.

大多数可下载的操作系统(包括Windows和各种Linux发行版)均作为ISO映像分发。当下载当前版本的Ubuntu安装在您的计算机上或在没有物理驱动器的笔记本电脑上安装该旧游戏光盘时，这非常方便。

如何挂载ISO映像 (How To Mount An ISO Image)

Mounting an ISO image allows you to mount the ISO image in a virtual optical disc drive. All your apps will treat the image as though it were an actual physical disc.

通过挂载ISO映像，可以将ISO映像挂载到虚拟光盘驱动器中。您所有的应用程序都会将映像视为实际的物理磁盘。

Windows 8, 8.1, and 10 all let you mount an ISO image without any third-party software. Just select the image in File Explorer, and then head to Manage > Mount.

Windows 8、8.1和10均允许您安装ISO映像，而无需任何第三方软件。只需在“文件资源管理器”中选择映像，然后转到“管理”>“挂载”即可。

If you have Windows 7 (or previous), you’ll need a third-party app like the free, open-source, and simple WinCDEmu utility.

如果您使用的是Windows 7(或更低版本)，则需要第三方应用程序，例如免费，开源且简单的WinCDEmu实用程序。

如何将ISO映像刻录到光盘 (How To Burn An ISO Image To Disc)

Burning an ISO to a physical disc comes in handy when you want to create a disc that you’ll use to install the software or OS onto another machine. It’s particularly useful when you’re installing an operating system (or creating a utility disc) and need to use that disc to boot a system. It can also be handy for creating a physical backup copy of a disc, or if you just need to hand off a copy to someone else.

当您要创建用于将软件或操作系统安装到另一台计算机上的光盘时，将ISO刻录到物理光盘非常方便。当您安装操作系统(或创建实用程序光盘)并且需要使用该光盘来引导系统时，此功能特别有用。这对于创建光盘的物理备份副本也很方便，或者只需要将副本交给其他人也可以。

Windows 7, 8, and 10 have a feature for burning an ISO image to disc built right in. All you have to is insert a writable optical disc, right-click the ISO image, and then select the “Burn Disk Image” command.

Windows 7、8和10具有将ISO映像刻录到内置光盘的功能。您所要做的就是插入可写光盘，右键单击ISO映像，然后选择“刻录磁盘映像”命令。

Note: If you don’t have an optical disc writer on your PC, you won’t see the command. Also, if you have a compression app (like 7-Zip) installed, and it’s associated with the ISO file extension, you also won’t see the command. We’ll talk about that a bit more in the next section.

注意：如果您的PC上没有光盘刻录机，则看不到该命令。另外，如果您安装了压缩应用程序(例如7-Zip)，并且该压缩程序与ISO文件扩展名相关联，则您也将看不到该命令。在下一节中，我们将进一步讨论。

相关： 如何在Windows 7中刻录ISO映像

macOS works pretty much the same way. Select the image file in Finder, and then head to File > Burn Disk Image (Name) to Disc.

macOS的工作方式几乎相同。在Finder中选择映像文件，然后转到“文件”>“将磁盘映像( 名称 )刻录到光盘”。

如何提取ISO映像 (How To Extract An ISO Image)

If you don’t want to mount an ISO or burn it disc, but still need to access to the files inside, you can extract the contents to your PC. For this, you’ll need a third-party app like WinRAR or 7-Zip. We like 7-Zip around here because it’s free, open-source, and plenty powerful.

如果您不想挂载ISO或刻录光盘，但仍然需要访问其中的文件，则可以将内容提取到PC中。为此，您需要第三方应用程序，例如WinRAR或7-Zip。我们喜欢7-Zip ，因为它是免费的，开源的并且功能强大。

When you install 7-Zip, it associates the .iso file extension with the app. So, all you have to do is double-click an ISO image to open it up and browse its contents. Depending on the size of the ISO, this can take up to a minute, so be patient.

安装7-Zip时，它会将.iso 文件扩展名与该应用程序关联。因此，您要做的就是双击ISO映像以将其打开并浏览其内容。根据ISO的大小，此过程可能需要一分钟，因此请耐心等待。

相关： 什么是文件扩展名？

You can copy anything from the ISO to a regular folder just by dragging and dropping.

您可以通过拖放将任何内容从ISO复制到常规文件夹。

If you prefer, you can also extract the full contents of the ISO to a normal folder. Just right-click the ISO, point to the “7-Zip” menu, and then choose one of the extraction commands. The “Extract Files” command lets you choose a location, the “Extract Here” command extracts files to the same location as the ISO file, and the “Extract To folder_name” command creates a new folder in that location to which to extract.

如果愿意，还可以将ISO的全部内容提取到普通文件夹中。只需右键单击ISO，指向“ 7-Zip”菜单，然后选择一种提取命令。 “ Extract Files”命令使您可以选择一个位置，“ Extract Here”命令将文件提取到与ISO文件相同的位置，“ Extract To folder_name ”命令在该位置创建一个新文件夹以提取到该文件夹。

Other compression apps, like WinRar, work pretty much the same way.

其他压缩应用程序(例如WinRar)的工作方式几乎相同。

There is one other important thing to note here. If you install a compression app like 7-Zip or WinRar, and you let that app associate itself with ISO files, you’ll no longer see the built-in commands in File Explorer for working with those image files. It’s better to have Windows Explorer associated with ISO files because you can still right-click them and access the compression apps commands whenever you want. All you lose is the ability to double-click them to open them in the compression app.

这里还有另一件事要注意。如果您安装了诸如7-Zip或WinRar之类的压缩应用程序，并且让该应用程序将自身与ISO文件关联，则您将不再在文件资源管理器中看到用于处理这些图像文件的内置命令。最好将Windows资源管理器与ISO文件关联，因为您仍然可以右键单击它们，并在需要时访问压缩应用程序命令。您失去的就是双击它们以在压缩应用程序中打开它们的能力。

If you’ve already installed one of those apps, can quickly reassociate the ISO file extension with Windows Explorer. Head to Settings > Apps > Default Apps. On the right, scroll down and click the “Choose default apps by file type” link.

如果您已经安装了其中一个应用程序，则可以快速将ISO文件扩展名与Windows资源管理器重新关联。转到设置>应用>默认应用。在右侧，向下滚动并单击“按文件类型选择默认应用程序”链接。

The next window shows a very long list of file extensions. Scroll all the way down to the .iso extension. On the right, click whatever app is currently associated with the extension. On the popup menu, choose the “Windows Explorer” option.

下一个窗口显示了很长的文件扩展名列表。一直向下滚动到.iso扩展名。在右侧，单击与该扩展程序当前关联的任何应用程序。在弹出菜单上，选择“ Windows资源管理器”选项。

如何从光盘创建自己的ISO文件 (How To Create Your Own ISO File From an Optical Disc)

Creating an ISO file from discs gives you to create a digital back up of your physical discs. You can then use the files by mounting them on computers that don’t have an optical drive. You can also use the files in the future to burn another copy of your disc. And, of course, you can share that ISO with other people.

从光盘创建ISO文件使您可以创建物理光盘的数字备份。然后，可以通过将文件挂载到没有光驱的计算机上来使用这些文件。您将来也可以使用这些文件来刻录光盘的另一个副本。而且，当然，您可以与其他人共享该ISO。

While macOS and Linux both come with software pre-installed that lets you create an ISO from a physical disc, Windows does not. Instead, you’ll have to download a third-party app to create an ISO file in Windows. For that, we recommend Ninite as a safe place to grab tools of all sorts. On the ISO front, Ninite includes tools like InfraRecorder, ImgBurn, and CDBurnerXP. Just be sure to download them through Ninite. Some of these programs—like ImgBurn—do include junkware in their installers if you get them from elsewhere.

尽管macOS和Linux都预装了可让您从物理磁盘创建ISO的软件，但Windows却没有。相反，您必须下载第三方应用程序才能在Windows中创建ISO文件。为此，我们建议将Ninite作为抓取各种工具的安全场所。在ISO方面，Ninite包括InfraRecorder ， ImgBurn和CDBurnerXP之类的工具。只要确保通过Ninite下载它们即可。如果从其他地方获得这些程序，则其中某些程序(例如ImgBurn)会在其安装程序中包含垃圾软件。

Whatever OS you’re using, be sure to check out our complete guide to creating ISO files from discs for more information.

无论您使用什么操作系统，请务必查看有关从光盘创建ISO文件的完整指南，以获取更多信息。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/356714/what-is-an-iso-file-and-how-do-i-open-one/