OSPF虚拟链路及IPv6网络

首先我们需要了解虚拟链路的作用

虚链路
——一条通过一个非骨干区域连接到骨干区域的虚拟链路
虚链路的目的
——通过一个非骨干区域连接一个区域到骨干区域
——通过一个非骨干区域连接一个分段的骨干区域

OSPF虚拟链路配置
OSPF虚拟链路及IPv6网络
AR1：配置地址并启动OSPF
[AR1]interface g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.14.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR1]interface g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.12.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[AR1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[AR1-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[AR1-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.1
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q

=================================================================================

AR2：配置地址并启动OSPF
[AR2]interface g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.12.2 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[AR2]interface g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.23.2 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[AR2-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.1
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
[AR2-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.2
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255

=================================================================================
AR3：配置地址并启动OSPF
[AR3]interface g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.23.3 255.255.255.0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[AR3-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.2
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255

=================================================================================

AR4：配置地址并启动OSPF
[AR4]interface g0/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.14.4 255.255.255.0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[AR4-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.255

=================================================================================
穿越区域 1 ，创建虚链路
AR1：
[AR1]ospf 1
[AR1-ospf-1]area 1
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 2.2.2.2
AR2：
[AR2]ospf 1
[AR2-ospf-1]area 1
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 1.1.1.1

=================================================================================
验证，并测试全网互通：
Display ospf peer brief // 查看 OSPF 邻接关系表
Display ospf vlink // 查看 OSPF 虚链路
Display ospf lsdb // 查看 OSPF 数据库
Display ospf brief // 查看 OSPF 路由器角色
Display ip routing-table protocol ospf // 查看路由表中的 OSPF 路由条目

=================================================================================
AR3:
[AR3]ping 192.168.14.4
PING 192.168.14.4: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.14.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=70 ms
Reply from 192.168.14.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.14.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.14.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.14.4: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=30 ms

— 192.168.14.4 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/42/70 ms

=================================================================================
AR4:
[AR4]ping 192.168.23.3
PING 192.168.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=30 ms

— 192.168.23.3 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/36/50 ms

=================================================================================

IPv6的优势
IPv6具有更大的地址空间
—IPv4中规定IP地址长度为32,最大地址个数为2^32
—IPv6中IP地址的长度为128,最大地址个数为2^128 iPv6使用更小的路由表
—IPv6的地址分配遵循聚类(Aggregation)的原则
—大大减小了路由表的长度,提高了路由器转发数据包的速度
IPv6增加了增强的组播(Multicast )支持以及对流的控制,使得多媒体应用有了长足发展的机会
IPv6加入了对自动配置的支持
—这是对DHCP协议的改进和扩展,使得网络(尤其是局域网)的管理更方便和快捷
IPv6具有更高的安全性
—用户可以对网络层的数据进行加密并对IP报文进行校验

OSPF虚拟链路及IPv6网络

配置R1 地址，并启用 OSPFv3
[AR1]ipv6
[AR1]interface g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address 2001:12::1 64
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR1]ospfv3 1
[AR1-ospfv3-1]router-id 1.1.1.1
[AR1-ospfv3-1]q
[AR1]interface g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospfv3 1 area 0

=================================================================================
配置R2 地址，并启用 OSPFv3
[AR2]ipv6
[AR2]interface g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001:12::2 64
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[AR2]interface g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address 2001:23::2 64
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR2]ospfv3 1
[AR2-ospfv3-1]router-id 2.2.2.2
[AR2-ospfv3-1]q
[AR2]interface g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospfv3 1 area 0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[AR2]interface g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospfv3 1 area 1

=================================================================================
配置R3 地址，并启用 OSPFv3
[AR3]ipv6
[AR3]interface g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001:23::3/64
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[AR3]ospfv3 1
[AR3-ospfv3-1]router-id 3.3.3.3
[AR3-ospfv3-1]q
[AR3]interface g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospfv3 1 area 1

=================================================================================

< AR1>display ospfv3 peer // 查看 OSPFv3 邻接表
< AR1>display ipv6 routing-table protocol ospfv3 // 查看 OSPFv3 路由表条目

=================================================================================
< AR1>ping ipv6 2001:23::3
PING 2001:23::3 : 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Request time out
Reply from 2001:23::3
bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=63 time = 30 ms
Reply from 2001:23::3
bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=63 time = 30 ms
Reply from 2001:23::3
bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=63 time = 40 ms

— 2001:23::3 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted

OSPF虚拟链路及IPv6网络

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