流利阅读 2019.4.13 Scientists close to first sighting of black hole in the Milky Way

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Scientists close to first sighting of black hole in the Milky Way
科学家即将在银河系中首次“观测”到黑洞

Astronomers attempting to capture the first images of the black hole at the heart of the Milky Way have given early hints that the ambitious project has been successful.
天文学家试图捕捉位于银河系中心的黑洞的第一批图像，他们提前给出了暗示：这个雄心勃勃的计划取得了成功。

The observations, by the Event Horizon Telescope, are expected to be unveiled in the spring in one of the most eagerly awaited scientific announcements of 2019. Now, a senior scientist on the project has said “spectacular” data was gathered during observations of two black holes: Sagittarius A*, at the centre of the Milky Way, and a supermassive black hole called M87 in the Virgo cluster of galaxies.
来自事件视界望远镜（EHT）的观测结果有望在今年春天的科学发布会上公开，这将会是 2019 年最受期待的发布之一。该项目的一位资深科学家说，目前已经通过对两个黑洞的观测，收集到了“惊人的”数据，这两个黑洞分别为：银河系中心的人马座 A* 和室女座星系团中一个叫做 M87 星系黑洞的超大质量黑洞。

Prof Peter Galison, who is involved in the project, said that, if successful, the EHT’s first image would become one of the most significant in the past 50 years of astronomy. “It’s an extraordinarily ambitious project,” he said.
参与该项目的彼得·盖里森教授说，如果成功的话，EHT 的第一张黑洞图像将成为 50 年以来天文学中最重要的图像之一。他说：“这是一个极其雄心勃勃的项目。”

There is little doubt about the existence of black holes. Until now, a black hole has never been directly observed. The main barrier is that black holes are so compact that a telescope roughly the size of Earth would be required to see even the nearest one.
黑洞的存在是毫无疑问的。但直到现在，黑洞还没能被直接观测到。主要的障碍是，黑洞太过致密，以至于即使是离我们最近的黑洞，都需要一个大约地球大小的望远镜才能观测到。

The EHT gets around this by linking together 15-20 telescopes. It uses a technique known as interferometry, in which astronomers on different continents simultaneously observe the same object, then combine the collected data on a supercomputer.
而 EHT 通过连接 15-20 个望远镜来巧妙地应对这一问题。它使用了一种被称为“干涉测量术”的技术，用这种技术，在不同大陆的天文学家可以同时观测同一目标，然后将收集到的数据组合在一台超级计算机上。

Detailed observations will also be made of dramatic jets of material that are thrown out from some black holes. It is not clear whether Sagittarius A* has jets—it is possible that they are too feeble to have been spotted previously—and the EHT could resolve this question.
（天文学家）还将详细观察从一些黑洞中喷射出的壮观的喷流物质。目前尚不清楚人马座 A* 是否有喷流，因为它们可能太过微弱，以至于之前从未被发现，而 EHT 也许可以解决这个问题。

—— Theguardian：Scientists close to first sighting of black hole in the Milky Way