Tensorflow安装在windows 上面出现ImportError: DLL load failed: 动态链接库(DLL)初始化例程失败。

      最近开始学习tensorflow，电脑是win10 64位系统的，已经安装了python3.6.1 32位的，tensorflow只支持python64位的，所以直接安装了Python64位３.6.1。直接使用pip install tensorflow安装，安装的是1.8.0版本，安装好后在命令行中执行import tensorflow出现问题，无法成功，现象如下：

Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.16299.371]
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C:\Users\zhaoshimin>python
Python 3.6.1 (v3.6.1:69c0db5, Mar 21 2017, 18:41:36) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 14, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 648, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 560, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 922, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: 动态链接库(DLL)初始化例程失败。

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 17, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 16, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow  # pylint: disable=unused-import
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 14, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 648, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 560, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 922, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: 动态链接库(DLL)初始化例程失败。

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 17, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 16, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Users\zhaoshimin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

1、经过网上搜索，参考http://blog.****.net/pjl6523853/article/details/72836214的解答是没有安装vc64位运行库，直接微软件官网下载了，安装后，执行import tensorflow还是老样子。

2、看来问题还是没有解决，继续搜索，找到了这个博文的解决法，试过之后可以了。

     问题的原因是我的电脑（联想V460）的cpu比较老，不支持AVX指令导致的，需要安装特殊编译的tensorflow 1.6.0版本才可以解决，注意安装时要先卸载先前安装的1.8.0版本。关于这个问题的详细解决过程可以参考github上面tensorflow的论坛。

把上面的代码写到py文件中，使用python 3.6 shell运行，出现不识别tensorflow模块的问题。

        分析原因是由于电脑上同时安装了python 3.6.1 32位和64位的问题，shell运行时还是加载的32位python的安装包，所以还要想办法解决一下32位和64位shell同时共存的问题，因为python3.6.1 32位已经编写了很多软件，还不能卸载。

       这个问题解决的，原因很简单，定义用于测试的文件不能命名使用tensorflow.py，换成其他名字就好了。python32, python64在同一个电脑的包管路径是不会冲突的，不需要做额外修改。