Springboot整合RabbitMQ

一：Springboot整合RabbitMQ

新建一个Module工程，工程命名为springboot-rabbitmq

在pom.xml中引入如下依赖内容，其中spring-boot-starter-amqp用于支持RabbitMQ。

 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>

在application.xml中配置如下配置：

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-hello
  rabbitmq:
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    host: 192.168.10.152

创建消息生产者Sender，通过注入RabbitTemplate接口的实例来实现消息的发送，RabbitTemplate接口定义了一套针对AMQP协议的基础操作。在Spring Boot中会根据配置来注入其具体实现。在该生产者，我们会产生一个字符串，并发送到名为hello的队列中。

package com.github.springbootrabbitmq.provider;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;

@Component
public class Sender {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send(){
        String context = "hello" + new Date();
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello",context);
    }

}

创建消费者Receiver。通过@RabbitListener注解定义该类对hello队列的监听，并用@RabbitHandler注解来指定对消息的处理方法。所以，该消费者实现了对hello队列的消费，消费操作为输出消息的字符串内容。

package com.github.springbootrabbitmq.consumer;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public class Receiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello){
        System.out.println("Receiver : " + hello);
    }

}

创建RabbitMQ的配置类RabbitConfig，用来配置队列、交换器、路由等高级信息。这里我们以入门为主，先以最小化的配置来定义，以完成一个基本的生产和消费过程。

package com.github.springbootrabbitmq.config;


import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;


@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public Queue helloQueue(){
        return new Queue("hello");
    }

}

创建应用主类：

package com.github.springbootrabbitmq;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);
    }

}

创建单元测试类，用来调用消息生产：

package com.github.springbootrabbitmq;

import com.github.springbootrabbitmq.provider.Sender;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplicationTests {

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Autowired
    private Sender sender;

    @Test
    public void hello(){
        sender.send();
    }

}

运行结果如下：

网站的控制面板如下：