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SpringMVC基础篇

分类: 文章 • 2024-04-03 08:17:35

第一步：创建web工程

SpringMVC基础篇

第二步：导入jar包或者添加maven依赖

可参考http://blog.****.net/lp284558195/article/details/79056951 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>XXXXX</groupId>
  <artifactId>Hm-smvc-day1</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <name>XXXXX</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
    <spring-version>4.3.13.RELEASE</spring-version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring mvc jar包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-instrument-tomcat</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--dbcp缓存池配置-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--servlet-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--mysql驱动-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.43</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--日志-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.25</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!-- 解决maven3中文乱码 设置JDK版本 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>

  </build>
</project>

第三步：配置前端控制器


<!-- springmvc前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
   <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
   <!-- contextConfigLocation配置springmvc加载的配置文件（配置处理器映射器、适配器等等）
   如果不配置contextConfigLocation，默认加载的是/WEB-INF/servlet名称-serlvet.xml（springmvc-servlet.xml）
    -->
   <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
   </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

第四步：加在Springmvc配置文件

<init-param>
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
     <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

第五步：配置映射器和处理器

   包括注解和非注解（常用注解模式）
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.ssm.controller"></context:component-scan>


<!-- 处理器映射器 将bean的name作为url进行查找 ，需要在配置Handler时指定beanname（就是url） 
所有的映射器都实现 HandlerMapping接口。
-->
<bean
   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />
   
<!--简单url映射  -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
   <property name="mappings">
      <props>
         <!-- 对itemsController1进行url映射，url是/queryItems1.action -->
         <prop key="/hellocon.action">itemsController1</prop>
       
      </props>
   </property>
</bean>
<!--注解映射器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<!--注解适配器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>

<!-- 使用 mvc:annotation-driven代替上边注解映射器和注解适配器配置
mvc:annotation-driven默认加载很多的参数绑定方法，
比如json转换解析器就默认加载了，如果使用mvc:annotation-driven不用配置上边的RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
实际开发时使用mvc:annotation-driven
 -->
<!-- <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> -->

第六步：处理器开发

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/helloCon.action")
public class HelloController {
    public ModelAndView hello(){
        ModelAndView view=new ModelAndView();
        view.addObject("message","注解方式测试测试");
        view.setViewName("index");
        return view;
    }
}

第七步：配置视图解析器

<!-- 视图解析器
解析jsp解析，默认使用jstl标签，classpath下的得有jstl的包
 -->
<bean
   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
   <!-- 配置jsp路径的前缀 -->
   <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
   <!-- 配置jsp路径的后缀 -->
   <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>


第八步：视图开发

    jsp页面（略）

第九步：启动tomcat调试


总结

SpringMVC基础篇

工作流程：

1、 用户发送请求至前端控制器DispatcherServlet

2、 DispatcherServlet收到请求调用HandlerMapping处理器映射器。

3、 处理器映射器根据请求url找到具体的处理器，生成处理器对象及处理器拦截器(如果有则生成)一并返回给DispatcherServlet。

4、 DispatcherServlet通过HandlerAdapter处理器适配器调用处理器

5、 执行处理器(Controller，也叫后端控制器)。

6、 Controller执行完成返回ModelAndView

7、 HandlerAdapter将controller执行结果ModelAndView返回给DispatcherServlet

8、 DispatcherServlet将ModelAndView传给ViewReslover视图解析器

9、 ViewReslover解析后返回具体View

10、 DispatcherServlet对View进行渲染视图（即将模型数据填充至视图中）。

11、 DispatcherServlet响应用户


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