android Fragment实现Tab功能(fragment相互切换时,可保存之前状态)
原文转自 http://blog.****.net/jjsyjiao/article/details/40980909
由于TabHost已经逐渐过时,现在开发已经不建议使用,将由Fragment代替,本文主要讲述Fragment替换TabHost的方法,代码简单易懂,适合初学者使用。
上个效果图先:
首先:
1、建个资源文件activity_main.xml;
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
- <LinearLayout
- android:id="@+id/bottom"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="60dip"
- android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
- android:orientation="horizontal" >
- <RelativeLayout
- android:id="@+id/fotune"
- android:layout_width="0dip"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:background="@color/bottom_background_onclick_color" >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/fotune_img"
- android:layout_width="35dip"
- android:layout_height="35dip"
- android:layout_centerInParent="true"
- android:background="@drawable/fotune_a" />
- </RelativeLayout>
- <RelativeLayout
- android:id="@+id/message"
- android:layout_width="0dip"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:background="@color/bottom_background_unclick_color" >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/message_img"
- android:layout_width="35dip"
- android:layout_height="35dip"
- android:layout_centerInParent="true"
- android:background="@drawable/message_ia" />
- </RelativeLayout>
- <RelativeLayout
- android:id="@+id/account"
- android:layout_width="0dip"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:background="@color/bottom_background_unclick_color" >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/account_img"
- android:layout_width="35dip"
- android:layout_height="35dip"
- android:layout_centerInParent="true"
- android:background="@drawable/account_ia" />
- </RelativeLayout>
- <RelativeLayout
- android:id="@+id/more"
- android:layout_width="0dip"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:background="@color/bottom_background_unclick_color" >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/more_img"
- android:layout_width="35dip"
- android:layout_height="35dip"
- android:layout_centerInParent="true"
- android:background="@drawable/more_ia" />
- </RelativeLayout>
- </LinearLayout>
- <FrameLayout
- android:id="@+id/container"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:layout_above="@id/bottom" />
- </RelativeLayout>
其中FrameLayout就是承载着Fragment的容器;
2、接下来编写我们的Activity,注意:Activity需要继承FragmentActivity,不然调用getSupportFragmentManager()方法会提示“The method getSupportFragmentManager() is undefined for the type MainActivity”;
- package com.example.tab;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
- import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
- import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
- public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnClickListener {
- public static Context context;
- private RelativeLayout fotune, message, account, more;
- private ImageView fotune_img, message_img, account_img, more_img;
- private Fragment1 fragment1 = new Fragment1();
- private Fragment2 fragment2 = new Fragment2();
- private Fragment3 fragment3 = new Fragment3();
- private Fragment4 fragment4 = new Fragment4();
- private Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
- /**
- * 记录当前Activity显示的fragment
- */
- private Fragment mContent;
- private String[] textStrings = new String[] { "第一个页面——Fragment1", "第一个页面——Fragment2",
- "第一个页面——Fragment3", "第一个页面——Fragment4" };
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- context = MainActivity.this;
- initLayout();
- if (savedInstanceState == null) {
- bundle.putString("text", textStrings[0]);
- fragment1.setArguments(bundle);
- mContent = fragment1;
- getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
- .add(R.id.container, fragment1).commit();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 初始化控件
- */
- private void initLayout() {
- fotune = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.fotune);
- fotune.setOnClickListener(this);
- message = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.message);
- message.setOnClickListener(this);
- account = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.account);
- account.setOnClickListener(this);
- more = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.more);
- more.setOnClickListener(this);
- fotune_img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.fotune_img);
- message_img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.message_img);
- account_img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.account_img);
- more_img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.more_img);
- }
- @Override
- public void onClick(View arg0) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- switch (arg0.getId()) {
- case R.id.fotune:
- fotune.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_onclick_color));
- message.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- account.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- more.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- fotune_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.fotune_a));
- message_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.message_ia));
- account_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.account_ia));
- more_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.more_ia));
- // switchContent(fragment1,
- // 0);若不想保留之前fragment的状态,每次都重新创建fragment,则选择该条命令;
- switchContent_keep(mContent, fragment1, 0);// 若想保留之前fragment的状态,则选择该条命令;
- break;
- case R.id.message:
- fotune.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- message.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_onclick_color));
- account.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- more.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- fotune_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.fotune_ia));
- message_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.message_a));
- account_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.account_ia));
- more_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.more_ia));
- // switchContent(fragment2,
- // 1);若不想保留之前fragment的状态,每次都重新创建fragment,则选择该条命令;
- switchContent_keep(mContent, fragment2, 1);// 若想保留之前fragment的状态,则选择该条命令;
- break;
- case R.id.account:
- fotune.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- message.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- account.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_onclick_color));
- more.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- fotune_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.fotune_ia));
- message_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.message_ia));
- account_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.account_a));
- more_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.more_ia));
- // switchContent(fragment3,
- // 2);若不想保留之前fragment的状态,每次都重新创建fragment,则选择该条命令;
- switchContent_keep(mContent, fragment3, 2);// 若想保留之前fragment的状态,则选择该条命令;
- break;
- case R.id.more:
- fotune.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- message.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- account.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_unclick_color));
- more.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(
- R.color.bottom_background_onclick_color));
- fotune_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.fotune_ia));
- message_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.message_ia));
- account_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.account_ia));
- more_img.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(
- R.drawable.more_a));
- // switchContent(fragment4,
- // 3);若不想保留之前fragment的状态,每次都重新创建fragment,则选择该条命令;
- switchContent_keep(mContent, fragment4, 3);// 若想保留之前fragment的状态,则选择该条命令;
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- }
- /**
- * fragment替换(不保留之前的状态)
- *
- * @param to
- * @param i
- */
- public void switchContent(Fragment to, int i) {
- bundle.putString("text", textStrings[i]);
- to.setArguments(bundle);
- getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
- .replace(R.id.container, to).commit();
- }
- /**
- * fragment替换(保留之前的状态)
- *
- * @param from
- * @param to
- * @param i
- */
- public void switchContent_keep(Fragment from, Fragment to, int i) {
- if (from != to) {
- mContent = to;
- FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager()
- .beginTransaction();
- // 先判断是否被add过
- if (!to.isAdded()) {
- bundle.putString("text", textStrings[i]);
- to.setArguments(bundle);
- // 隐藏当前的fragment,add下一个fragment到Activity中
- transaction.hide(from).add(R.id.container, to).commit();
- } else {
- // 隐藏当前的fragment,显示下一个fragment
- transaction.hide(from).show(to).commit();
- // to.onResume();该命令可注释,若希望fragment切换的过程中,被显示的fragment执行onResume方法,则解注;
- }
- }
- }
- }
如果在Fragment切换的过程中,不需要保留之前Fragment的状态,直接调用getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.Container, to).commit();即可。每次替换实质都是先remove再add,Fragment的onCreate方法都会被调用;
如果在Fragment切换的过程中,需要保留之前Fragment的状态,则需要定义一个变量Fragment mContent来保存当前activity显示fragment对象。如果你要显示的fragment对象之前未被添加过,则需要先隐藏当前显示的fragment对象,再添加你要显示的fragment对象;例如:transaction.hide(from).add(R.id.container, to).commit();若你要显示的fragment对象之前已经被添加过了,则先隐藏当前的fragment对象,再显示你要显示的fragment对象即可;例如:transaction.hide(from).show(to).commit();(注:如果此时希望调用显示的fragment对象的onResume方法,则执行to.onResume();即可。但注意的是:从fragmentActivity跳转到下一个Activity,再按返回键时,FrameLayout容器中所有的fragment都将会调用onResume方法;打印log如下所示:)
- 11-10 15:54:48.546: E/onCreate(19070): Fragment1
- 11-10 15:54:48.546: E/onCreateView(19070): Fragment1
- 11-10 15:54:48.546: E/onResume(19070): Fragment1
- 11-10 15:54:49.936: E/onCreate(19070): Fragment2
- 11-10 15:54:49.936: E/onCreateView(19070): Fragment2
- 11-10 15:54:49.936: E/onResume(19070): Fragment2
- 11-10 15:54:51.656: E/onCreate(19070): Fragment3
- 11-10 15:54:51.656: E/onCreateView(19070): Fragment3
- 11-10 15:54:51.656: E/onResume(19070): Fragment3
- 11-10 15:54:52.806: E/onCreate(19070): Fragment4
- 11-10 15:54:52.806: E/onCreateView(19070): Fragment4
- 11-10 15:54:52.806: E/onResume(19070): Fragment4
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">11-10 15:54:54.636: E/onResume(19070): Fragment1
- 11-10 15:54:54.636: E/onResume(19070): Fragment2
- 11-10 15:54:54.636: E/onResume(19070): Fragment3
- 11-10 15:54:54.636: E/onResume(19070): Fragment4</span>
FragmentActivity向Fragment传递数据:创建个Bundle数据包,Fragment对象调用setArguments(Bundle bundle)方法即可;
Fragment接收从FragmentActivity传来的数据:调用getArguments()接收数据包,返回Bundle对象;
3、Fragment的具体实现
- package com.example.tab;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
- public Fragment1() {
- }
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- Log.e("onCreate", "Fragment1");
- }
- @Override
- public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
- Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- Log.e("onCreateView", "Fragment1");
- View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container,
- false);
- TextView text = (TextView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.text);
- text.setText(getArguments().getString("text"));
- Button button = (Button) rootView.findViewById(R.id.button);
- button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View arg0) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- Intent intent = new Intent();
- intent.setClass(MainActivity.context, SecondActivity.class);
- startActivity(intent);
- }
- });
- return rootView;
- }
- @Override
- public void onResume() {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- super.onResume();
- Log.e("onResume", "Fragment1");
- }
- }