杭州城市大脑背后_我们的大脑如何运作以及技术和环境如何提供帮助的背后的科学...
杭州城市大脑背后
You’re utterly focused. You’ve lost track of time. Nothing else in the world exists. You’re living in the moment.
你完全专注。 您已经失去了时间。 世界上没有其他东西了。 你活在当下。
While this might sound like meditation, it’s a description that can also be applied to the state of flow – the feeling of being so engaged by your work, that you lose yourself to it completely, while massively increasing your productivity in the process.
尽管这听起来像是冥想，但它也可以应用于流程状态-一种工作投入的感觉，以至于完全迷失了自己，同时极大地提高了工作效率。
It’s the holy grail that we all strive for, whether it’s a hobby we’re passionate about, or a project at work. Achieving our best and utilising our maximum potential at all times, can however, be a struggle.
无论是我们热衷的业余爱好，还是正在开展的项目，这都是我们所有人努力追求的圣杯。 但是，要始终保持最佳状态并最大程度地利用我们的潜力，可能会很困难。
We had the pleasure of talking with Dr. Jack Lewis, a neuroscientist with a passion for exploring how our minds work, to see what motivates us to do our best work, and the important roles that workplace environments, culture, and technology can play.
我们很高兴与神经科学家杰克·刘易斯(Jack Lewis)博士交谈， 他热衷于探索我们的大脑如何工作，看看是什么促使我们做出最好的工作，以及工作环境，文化和技术可以发挥的重要作用。
我们的大脑在流动 (Our brains in flow)
You’ve likely come across the phrase ‘being in the zone.’ It’s the state of mind a composer is in when their hand can barely keep up with the music in their mind, or when a mathematician is effortlessly calculating towards a breakthrough equation. You might feel it when you’re playing a video game, or working on a presentation.
您可能遇到过“在区域中”一词。 当他们的手几乎跟不上音乐时，或者当一个数学家毫不费力地为突破性的方程式进行计算时，这就是作曲家的心态。 在玩视频游戏或进行演示时，您可能会感觉到。
We all experience this flow state at different times, but what actually triggers it? According to Lewis, «Flow is a ‘Goldilocks’ zone. If what you’re doing is too easy, then you’re going to be bored. If, however, what you’re doing matches your personal capability much more closely – if you’re stretching yourself, but not too much and are challenged by what you’re doing – then you’re in a state of flow. If you go beyond that – if there’s too much to do, or if what you’re doing is too difficult, nothing is achieved.»
我们在不同的时间都经历过这种流动状态，但是到底是什么触发了它呢？ 根据刘易斯的说法，«水流是一个“金发姑娘”地带。 如果您做的事情太简单，那么您将感到无聊。 但是，如果您正在做的事情与您的个人能力更加紧密地相匹配-如果您在伸展自己的能力，但又不过分，并且受到正在做的事情的挑战-那么您就处于流动状态。 如果您超出此范围–如果要做的事情太多，或者您做的事情太困难，那么什么都做不到。»
This almost zen-like state is characterised by a subjective experience of effortless involvement, where you have a high degree of focused attention, a deep sense of control, and a suspension of self-reflective thoughts – namely, silencing the inner voice of your mind.
这种几乎像禅一样的状态的特点是主观上不费吹灰之力地进行体验，您可以高度集中注意力，深刻的控制感和自省性思维的悬浮–即，使您内心的声音沉寂。
Flow is that feeling you have when you’re naturally getting a lot done, without being aware of the effort you’re putting in. When you’re engaged in flow, the ego almost disappears. All that’s left is the act of carrying out your task, and nothing else.
流程就是那种当您自然地完成工作而没有意识到自己付出的努力时的感觉。当您参与流程时，自我几乎消失了。 剩下的就是执行任务的动作，仅此而已。
People that are in this flow state tend to keep up their work rate for a very long time, because the sense of progress and achievement, is a pleasant one. Clearly, in a workplace environment, achieving this state as often as possible would be very beneficial – not just to organisations as a whole, but also to individuals, who will find more happiness and purpose in their work.
处于这种流动状态的人倾向于保持很长的工作时间，因为进步和成就感是一种愉快的感觉。 显然，在工作场所环境中，尽可能频繁地达到此状态将非常有益–不仅对于整个组织，而且对于个人，他们在工作中都会发现更多的快乐和目标。
You can give people all of the technology tools in the world that will help them to be more productive, but if you don’t then give them permission to use those tools at a time, and in a fashion that they feel is best for them, then you’re not going to get the best out of them
您可以为人们提供世界上所有可以帮助他们提高生产力的技术工具，但是如果您不这样做，则可以一次让他们允许他们以自己认为最适合他们的方式使用这些工具。 ，那么您就无法从中获得最大的收益
技术–阻碍还是帮助？ (Technology – hindrance or help?)
As with all tools, technology can either assist us, or, if used incorrectly, get in our way and cause distractions. Anyone who has inadvertently got lost in an infinite scrolling social media black hole can easily relate to the distractions that technology can provide.
与所有工具一样，技术可以为我们提供帮助，或者，如果使用不当，则会妨碍我们的发展并造成干扰。 任何无意间迷失在无限滚动的社交媒体黑洞中的人都可以轻松地与技术所提供的干扰有关。
On the other hand, those of you who have worked from coffee shops and airports using collaboration software like Teams to keep in touch with colleagues on the go, can attest to the benefits of technology, and the possibilities it provides. From video conferencing rooms, to group editing cloud documents or having auto-transcribed presentations, there’s no doubt that, when used correctly, technology can help vastly increase our overall productivity, although this doesn’t mean that it can always guarantee a state of flow.
另一方面，那些在咖啡店和机场使用Teams之类的协作软件与旅途中的同事保持联系的人，可以证明技术的好处及其带来的可能性。 从视频会议室到分组编辑云文档或自动转录演示文稿，毫无疑问，正确使用技术可以极大地提高我们的整体生产力，尽管这并不意味着它可以始终保证流程的顺畅状态。 。
Beyond the technology itself, the culture of an organisation is also vital in ensuring that technology is used for maximum impact. By culture, we are mostly referring to the leaders of an organisation, and the precedent they set to employees. For Lewis, the key component of this culture is fostering an atmosphere in which innovative technology use is encouraged:
除了技术本身之外， 组织的文化对于确保最大限度地利用技术也至关重要 。 就文化而言，我们主要指的是组织的领导者，以及他们为员工树立的先例。 对于刘易斯而言，这种文化的关键部分在于营造一种鼓励创新技术使用的氛围：
«You can give people all of the technology tools in the world that will help them to be more productive, but if you don’t then give them permission to use those tools at a time, and in a fashion that they feel is best for them, then you’re not going to get the best out of them.»
«您可以为人们提供世界上所有可以帮助他们提高生产力的技术工具，但是如果您不这样做，则可以一次让他们允许他们以最适合他们的方式使用这些工具。他们，那么您就不会从他们身上得到最好的利用。»
Lewis uses the example of sleep pods to demonstrate this point. Most companies who offer them, he states, don’t actually want people using them, or there’s a general stigma about people not being productive when they have a nap at work. This, in his words, is a very 20th century way of thinking.
刘易斯以睡眠豆荚为例来说明这一点。 他指出，大多数提供这些服务的公司实际上并不希望人们使用它们，或者普遍存在一种耻辱感，即人们在午睡时无法获得生产力。 用他的话说，这是20世纪的非常思考的方式。
«Some people work better earlier in the day, others work better later on. Some people have a big lunch because they’ve been working hard all morning and haven’t had time to eat, and they might feel drowsy afterwards and struggle to pay attention or focus. If they shut their eyes for 15-20 minutes, it’s restorative. When they wake up, they’ll be much more productive for the next 45 minutes.»
«有些人今天早些时候工作得更好，而其他人则晚些时候工作得更好。 有些人吃了一顿丰盛的午餐，因为他们整个上午都在努力工作，没有时间吃东西，事后他们可能会感到困倦，难以集中注意力或集中精力。 如果他们闭上眼睛15到20分钟，那是恢复性的。 当他们醒来后，他们在接下来的45分钟内将提高工作效率。»
«Permission is one cultural aspect, but it’s also about giving people the flexibility to work in a manner that suits them best. Everyone is their own master. Even if they’re not a master of their technology, they’re still a master of their own mind. You know when, and where you work best, and where you don’t. The idea that people come in at nine leave at six, and that everyone’s equally productive throughout the whole day is simply unsustainable.»
«许可是文化的一个方面，但同时也要赋予人们以最适合他们的方式工作的灵活性。 每个人都是他们自己的主人。 即使他们不是自己的技术大师，他们仍然是自己的思想大师。 您知道什么时候，什么地方工作最好，什么地方不工作。 人们九点进来，六点进来，而每个人在一整天中都同样高效的想法是完全不可持续的。»
On top of this, it’s important to note that the odd distraction is also beneficial. Lewis believes that it all comes down to the sources of distraction, versus the source of inspiration. «Distractions which come at just the right time, give your brain a break, and when you return, you might have a different perspective that wouldn’t otherwise have been there.»
最重要的是，要注意奇数分散注意力也是有益的。 刘易斯认为，这全都归功于分散注意力的来源，而不是灵感的来源。 «在正确的时间分心，让您的大脑休息一会儿，当您返回时，您可能会有不同的看法，否则就不会出现。”
为什么要追逐潮流？ (Why chase the flow?)
After discussing what flow is, the benefits it provides, and how we can help achieve it, you could ask the philosophical question of – why? Why strive to achieve this state, where one loses themselves completely and utterly to the task at hand?
在讨论了什么是流程，流程所带来的好处以及我们如何帮助实现流程之后，您可以问一个哲学问题：为什么？ 为什么要努力实现这一状态，使人们完全完全丧失手头的任务？
It’s easy to understand why we don’t want tasks that are too hard as they’ll lead to frustration, but choosing to challenge ourselves to a certain level might also seem counter-intuitive, when we could more easily coast along with easier projects.
很容易理解为什么我们不想要太难的任务，因为它们会导致挫败感，但是当我们可以更轻松地进行更轻松的项目时，选择挑战自己到某个水平似乎也违反直觉。
The answer, lies in boredom, and how it clashes with our survival instincts. «Boredom is terrible,» Lewis states. «The modern world sends us confusing signals. It always seems like labour saving devices are always the answer to being happier. We have washing machines, robot vacuum cleaners – it’s all done for you. In some ways, these things are good, because no one wants to do boring, repetitive tasks, and then have no time to do anything else. But it’s almost got to the point where we’ve got so many labour-saving devices that many end up squandering the time that is freed up. Sometimes it’s more satisfying to do things the long way; sometimes trial and error is the best way to improve ourselves.»
答案在于无聊，以及它与我们生存本能的冲突。 刘易斯说：“乏味是可怕的。” «现代世界向我们发出了令人困惑的信号。 似乎总是省力的设备始终是快乐的答案。 我们有洗衣机，机器人吸尘器-一切都为您完成。 在某些方面，这些事情是件好事，因为没有人愿意做无聊的重复性任务，然后又没有时间做其他事情。 但这几乎到了我们拥有如此省力的设备的地步，以至于许多人最终浪费了释放的时间。 有时候，长远地做事情会更令人满意。 有时反复试验是提高自我的最佳方法。»
In a modern society where we no longer need to hunt to gather food and water, build shelters or defend ourselves from predators, it’s up to us to find motivation with the things we choose to spend our time on. It’s easy to fall down a philosophical rabbit hole, but if you think back to the last time you were truly in the zone, and the satisfaction you felt afterwards, it’s easy to see why doing everything we can to achieve our best work is so important.
在现代社会中，我们不再需要狩猎来收集食物和水，建造庇护所或保护自己免受掠食者侵害，这取决于我们选择所花费的时间来寻找动力。 容易陷入哲学上的兔子洞，但是如果您回想起上一次真正进入该区域的过程，以及随后您感到的满足感，很容易看出为什么尽我们所能来实现自己的最佳工作如此重要。
杭州城市大脑背后