eclipse基于Maven的springMVC框架搭建
eclipse基于Maven的springMVC框架搭建
本篇文章详细介绍了maven的SpringMVC项目搭建,入门级别的教程,适用于新手。按照流程中出现任何问题,请拉到最后看构建过程中遇到的坑,是否能解决问题,解决不了的话就只能百度了。
搭建maven项目
- 1、新建工作空间,名字随便了,这里我用的workspacetest
- 2、配置eclipse的jre,Windows->Properties->Java->Installed,因为是开发环境,所以一定要配置成jdk
- 3、设置自己的maven,properties->Maven,主要是设置.settings和本地maven库的路径
- 4、创建maven项目file->new->mavenProject->next,注意选择webapp
- 5、建立项目,其中Group Id是公司的网址倒写,例如net.****,Artifact Id是项目名称,Package为包路径,下一步需要重新规划,此处不处理。
- 6、重新如下图路径
- 7、添加maven支持,就是处理pom.xml文件,这里直接附上我的pom.xml但是,在实际项目中,一定要谨慎处理,此处可能报错,别急后面重新构建就会消失
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.air</groupId>
<artifactId>springModules</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springModules Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<!-- <profiles>
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
<jdk>1.8</jdk>
</activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>-->
<!-- 以下是依赖设置 -->
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加单元测试依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加servlet依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加spring依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springModules</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>
<path>/springModules</path>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
<server>tomcat8</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- 8、增加srpingMVC配置文件,springmvcContext.xml,路径放在src->main->resource下面
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 搜索spring控件 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 视图页面配置 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
- 8、配置web.xml,注意webxml中的路径和文件名要和实际的对应,这里有个点就是contextConfiLocation的路径设置,这个就自行百度吧。
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvcContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvcContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
- 9、编写demo,放在com.test路径下面,编写index.jsp,放在WEB-INFO->views下面
package com.test;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class Demo{
@RequestMapping("/salary")
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView("index");//指定视图
double basicSalary = 7000; //基础工资
double extWorkSalary = 1200+600;//加班费
double otherSubside = 400; //额外补贴
double medicalExtSubide = -5.5; //大额医疗
double pensionRatio = 0.08;//养老缴费比例
double injuryRatio = 0.005;//工伤缴费比例
double medicalRatio = 0.02;//医疗缴费比例
double publicFund = 0.08;//公积金缴费比例
double salaryRemain = basicSalary + extWorkSalary + otherSubside + medicalExtSubide
-basicSalary*(pensionRatio+injuryRatio+medicalRatio+publicFund);
mv.addObject("mvstr", "Hello World!"+"The Money you can get :"+salaryRemain);
return mv;
}
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Spring 4 MVC -HelloWorld</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<h2>Hello World</h2>
<h2>
${mvstr} </h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>
- 10、发布,这里发布方式有两种,第一种就是传统的在eclipse配置tomcat然后发布,第二种是maven配置tomcat插件,这里采用第二种。我用的是tomcat8,但是pom配置仍然用7。步骤如下
** 在tomcat的conf下的tomcat-users.xml。在server字段添加 **
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<role rolename="admin-script"/>
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="manager-script"/>
<role rolename="manager-jmx"/>
<role rolename="manager-status"/>
<user username="admin" password="admin" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status,admin-script,admin-gui"/>
** 修改maven的setting.xml文件,增加以下内容 **
<server>
<id>tomcat8</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin</password>
</server>
** 将tomcat集成到pom.xml中 **
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>
<path>/springMVCDemo</path>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
<server>tomcat8</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
- 11、项目右键,maven->Update Project。
- 12、右键项目,Run As->Maven Build,Goals里面写tomcat7:run,然后run
- 13、访问,http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/demo/salary
- 构建过程中遇到的坑
1、maven每次updateProject会自动把编译级别改回1.5并且是WebModule是2.0,所以需要自行修改编译级别
有两种方式,第一种方式修改maven的基础配置,此处不做介绍,第二种方式修改pom.xml,强制使用我们定义的编译级别,
就是上述xml中的两处,一处是<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>,另一处<profiles>包围的代码片。
2、修改完配置还要修改项目的编译级别和WebModule,先调出Navigator窗口,window->show view->Navigator,修改org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core这个文件,
<installed facet="java" version="1.8"/>
<installed facet="jst.web" version="3.0"/>
还有就是.classPath中编译界别改成1.8
<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.8">
<attributes>
<attribute name="maven.pomderived" value="true"/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
3、在Pom.xml中,下面配置如果不加<scope>,起服务可能会报错,原因就是jar包冲突,详细原因自行百度即可。
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
4、报错:unable to create project archetype,删除工作空间所有内容,清空本地maven库,重新建立即可。