搭建Spring MVC 4开发环境八步走
Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品，自诞生之日，就受到广泛开发者的关注，如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上，如今如果再有开发者说，不了解Spring MVC，或许就被人笑掉大牙。煽情的话就不说了，先告诉大家如何搭建Spring MVC开发环境。
（一）工作环境准备：
JDK 1.7
Eclipse Kepler
Apache Tomcat 8.0
（二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。
（三）配置pom.xml。
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>
<artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>
</build>
</project>
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（四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>favspringmvcrestful</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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（五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
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（六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。
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package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controllerpublic class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/greeting")
public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {
System.out.println("Hello " + name);
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("userName", name);
return new ModelAndView("/hello",map);
}
} |
（七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%><!DOCTYPE html><html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Hello</title>
</head>
<body>
你好，${userName }
</body>
</html>
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（八）在浏览器中，输入访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/favspringmvcrestful/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3，运行效果如下：
该例子仅仅是Spring MVC 4入门的一个简单例子，如果你想了解更多关于Spring MVC的信息，请持续关注本博客，同时欢迎读者留言评论。