视频正在os x使用中_如何在OS X中使用家长控制来保护孩子

视频正在os x使用中

Parental controls are great once you set them up and use them. Busy parents get to breathe a bit easier, and as long as they stay on top of things, even basic parental controls such as those found in OS X, should be more than adequate.

设置并使用父母控制功能非常好。 忙碌的父母会呼吸得轻松一些，只要他们掌握一切，即使是基本的父母控制(例如OS X中的那些控制)也应该足够了。

Discussing parental controls on How-to Geek is nothing new. We’ve covered the native controls found in Windows 7 as well as the full Family Safety package that comes with Windows 8.1. We’ve shown you how to exploit features found in your wireless router for the most rudimentary parental controls, as well as how to add OpenDNS to the mix for more powerful web filtering.

讨论“如何使用极客”的家长控制并不是什么新鲜事。 我们已经介绍了Windows 7中的本机控件以及Windows 8.1随附的完整的“家庭安全”程序包 。 我们向您展示了如何利用无线路由器中最基本的父母控制功能，以及如何将OpenDNS添加到混合功能中以进行更强大的Web过滤 。

Now, it’s Apple’s turn. After giving OS X’s parental controls a spin, we can safely say that it’s got almost everything you could ever need to keep your kids out of most trouble. As usual, if you add OpenDNS as a web filtering solution, you can probably feel pretty good about the steps you’ve taken. And again, if you stay on top of things by monitoring the logs (we’ll talk more about those in a bit), then you can react to issues before they actually become problems.

现在，轮到苹果了。 在为OS X的家长控制功能做了一些调整之后，我们可以放心地说，它几乎具有使孩子摆脱最大麻烦所需的一切。 像往常一样，如果将OpenDNS添加为Web过滤解决方案，则可能对执行的步骤感觉很好。 再说一次，如果您通过监视日志来掌握最新信息(我们将稍作讨论)，那么您可以在问题真正变成问题之前对问题做出React。

To initially set up parental controls on OS X, you can open the system preferences and create a new user from there. You’ll need to first click the lock icon to make any changes, and then click the plus sign “+” right above the lock. Fill out the user’s full name, account name, give them a password (it should never and cannot be blank), and a password hint (if needed), and then click “Create Account.”

要最初在OS X上设置家长控制，您可以打开系统偏好设置并从中创建一个新用户。 您需要先单击锁图标进行更改，然后单击锁上方的加号“ +”。 填写用户的全名，帐户名，给他们一个密码(永远不要，不能为空)和密码提示(如果需要)，然后单击“创建帐户”。

You can create a new parental controls account from the User & Groups preferences as well. Just choose “Managed with Parental Controls” from the New Account choices, full name, account name, and password, then click “Create User.”

您也可以从“用户和组”首选项中创建一个新的家长控制帐户。 只需从“新帐户”选项，全名，帐户名和密码中选择“由家长控制进行管理”，然后单击“创建用户”。

Note the options on the user’s account page. You most definitely want to make sure “Enable parental controls” is checked, and “Allow user to administer this computer” is not.

请注意用户帐户页面上的选项。 您绝对肯定要确保选中“启用家长控制”，而没有选中“允许用户管理此计算机”。

Open parental controls to see your options. Mac OS X gives you controls under five categories: Apps, Web, People, Time Limits, and Other controls.

打开家长控制以查看您的选项。 Mac OS X为您提供了五类控件：应用程序，Web，人员，时间限制和其他控件。

From the outset, you can restrict users to what applications they use as well as whether or not they use the Simple Finder.

从一开始，您就可以限制用户使用他们使用的应用程序以及他们是否使用简单查找器。

The Simple Finder, as we see in the following screenshot, is a really stripped down version of the basic OS X desktop. It’s mostly intended for young or experienced users. For example, the Applications folder view has been grouped into pages and apps are actually aliases, meaning young ones have no access to the actual application files.

正如我们在下面的屏幕快照中所见，简单查找器是基本OS X桌面的精简版。 它主要用于年轻或有经验的用户。 例如，“应用程序”文件夹视图已分组为页面，而应用程序实际上是别名，这意味着年轻的用户无法访问实际的应用程序文件。

Limiting applications is fairly straightforward. When selected, you can choose from four categories: App Store, Other Apps, Widgets, and Utilities. If you allow apps store apps, you can decide the age rating, from All to up to ages 4+ to 17+.

限制应用程序非常简单。 选中后，您可以从四个类别中进行选择：App Store，其他应用程序，小部件和实用程序。 如果允许应用商店存储应用，则可以决定年龄等级，范围从“全部”到4岁以上到17岁以上。

Selecting “Prevent the Dock from being modified” will lock the Dock with the apps and shortcuts you choose. Once set, you can turn this option on and the user will not be able to make any further changes to the Dock. This is a good option for young users who might accidentally delete a shortcut to their favorite game or application and not know how to get it back.

选择“防止Dock被修改”将使用您选择的应用和快捷方式锁定Dock。 设置后，您可以打开此选项，并且用户将无法对Dock进行任何进一步的更改。 对于年轻的用户而言，这是一个不错的选择，他们可能会意外删除他们喜欢的游戏或应用程序的快捷方式，却不知道如何找回该快捷方式。

If you click the “Web” tab, you can implement website restrictions, which consist of absolute unrestricted access to all of the Internet’s wonders, attempt to limit adult websites automatically, or you can allow access to specific websites that you choose.

如果单击“ Web”选项卡，则可以实施网站限制，包括对Internet所有奇观的绝对无限制访问，尝试自动限制成人网站，或者可以允许访问您选择的特定网站。

Note, with the second option,  you can blacklist and whitelist addresses, so as you can see in the following example, you can always or never allow websites by simply clicking the “+” at the bottom. If you decide you need to remove a website from a list, select it and click the “-” button.

请注意，使用第二个选项，您可以将地址列入黑名单和白名单，因此，如在以下示例中看到的那样，只需单击底部的“ +”，您就可以始终或永远不允许网站。 如果您决定需要从列表中删除网站，请选择它，然后单击“-”按钮。

If a young user comes across a website that’s blocked, they’ll see a message like this. You can use your powerful administrator powers to step in and add the website, if you decide at that point it’s okay. Otherwise, the user will have to go elsewhere.

如果年轻用户访问了被阻止的网站，他们会看到这样的消息。 如果可以的话，您可以使用强大的管理员权限介入并添加网站。 否则，用户将不得不去其他地方。

The People tab concerns itself primarily with the Game Center and allowed contacts. You can allow or disallow your kids from joining multiplayer games or adding Game Center friends. There are also limits to how restricted users can use Messages and Mail. For example, if you want to limit to whom your kids can email, you “Limit Mail to allowed contacts.” Similarly, you can limit Messages to allowed contacts as well.

人员标签主要与游戏中心和允许的联系人有关。 您可以允许或禁止孩子加入多人游戏或添加Game Center朋友。 受限用户使用消息和邮件的方式也受到限制。 例如，如果您想限制您的孩子可以向谁发送电子邮件，则可以“将邮件限制为允许的联系人”。 同样，您也可以将“消息”限制为允许的联系人。

The Time Limits options should be pretty familiar to anyone who’s used parental controls in another operating system. If you want to limit computer use on weekdays or weekends, you can decide how long. This is pretty basic, you can’t set when they use the computer, rather just the amount of time (from 30 minutes to 8 hours).

对于在另一个操作系统中使用了家长控制功能的任何人，“时间限制”选项都应该非常熟悉。 如果要限制在工作日或周末使用计算机，则可以决定多长时间。 这是非常基本的操作，您无法设置他们何时使用计算机，而只能设置时间(从30分钟到8小时)。

If your kids have a curfew, then you can turn on the Bedtime feature, which will lock users out of the computer for a chosen duration, this feature includes separate choices for school nights (Sunday to Thursday) and weekends (Friday and Saturday).

如果您的孩子有宵禁，则可以打开就寝时间功能，该功能将在选定的时间段内将用户锁定在计算机之外，此功能包括上学之夜(周日至周四)和周末(周五和周六)的单独选择。

Finally, there’s the Other tab. There’s quite a few very useful checkboxes here. Of note, there’s the option to disable the built-in camera, which is often a concern to many parents. You can also hide profane words in the Dictionary and disable password changes.

最后，还有其他选项卡。 这里有很多非常有用的复选框。 值得注意的是，可以选择禁用内置摄像头，这通常是许多父母关心的问题。 您也可以在“字典”中隐藏亵渎单词并禁用密码更改。

That is basically it for the parental controls in OS X, however, it’s not the end of your role. It still behooves you to check the logs, which can be accessed by clicking the “Logs…” button at the bottom of any Parental Controls tab.

对于OS X中的家长控件，基本上就是这样，但是，这还不是您的角色的终点。 您仍然应该检查日志，可以通过单击任何“家长控制”选项卡底部的“日志...”按钮来访问日志。

看看日志！ (Look to the Logs!)

We can’t end our discussion of OS X’s parental controls without talking about the logs because out of everything found in the Parental Controls system preferences, logs are going to be a parent’s most powerful tool in combatting bad behavior.

在不讨论日志的情况下，我们无法结束对OS X家长控制的讨论，因为在“家长控制”系统偏好设置中找到的所有内容中，日志将成为家长在打击不良行为方面最强大的工具。

When you click on the “Logs…” button, which can be accessed from any tab in Parental Controls, you can view what websites have been visited, websites that have been blocked (either explicitly or through OS X’s filters), applications that have been accessed, and Messages activity.You can sort activity from that current day, the past week, month, three months, six months, year, or since the beginning of time (All).

当您单击“日志...”按钮时，可以从“家长控制”的任何选项卡中访问该按钮，您可以查看访问了哪些网站，被阻止的网站(显式地或通过OS X的筛选器)，已被阻止的应用程序。您可以对当天，过去一周，一个月，三个月，六个月，一年或从开始时间(全部)开始的活动进行排序。

You are also able to sort informations by date or category. So if you’re looking at the applications logs, you can sort by application, messages can be sorted by contact, and so on. If you find nothing that concerns you, you can click the “Clear Log” button for a fresh start. Also, though they’re grayed out in the above screenshot, there are options to Open a website or application (so as to check it out before making a decision) and Block offending content and such.

您还可以按日期或类别对信息进行排序。 因此，如果您正在查看应用程序日志，则可以按应用程序排序，可以按联系人排序消息，依此类推。 如果您没有发现任何与自己有关的内容，则可以单击“清除日志”按钮以重新开始。 此外，尽管它们在上面的屏幕截图中显示为灰色，但有一些选项可以打开网站或应用程序(以便在做出决定之前先进行检查)和阻止违规内容等。

Web过滤注意事项 (A Note on Web Filtering)

As long as we have you here, let’s talk briefly about web filtering because even though OS X offers some automatic filtering of so-called adult sites, and you can obviously blacklist or whitelist, bad or good sites, respectively, we found that many adult-themed sites still made it through.

只要我们在这里，我们就简要介绍一下Web过滤，因为即使OS X提供了对所谓成人网站的一些自动过滤功能，并且您显然可以分别将黑名单或白名单，不良或好站点列入黑名单，但我们发现许多成年人主题网站仍然成功。

It’s for this reason that we must once again recommend using some kind of dedicated web filtering service such as OpenDNS. Basically, if you’re unfamiliar with it, OpenDNS parental controls will route all web traffic through their domain name servers. You can set the strictness of the filtering to your liking or choose different categories for a more customized approach.

出于这个原因，我们必须再次建议使用某种专用的Web过滤服务， 例如OpenDNS 。 基本上，如果您不熟悉它， OpenDNS父母控制将通过其域名服务器路由所有网络流量。 您可以根据自己的喜好设置过滤的严格程度，也可以选择其他类别以实现更个性化的方法。

Once you’ve created an OpenDNS account to capture traffic from your IP address, you can decide whether you want to filter traffic from the router, and thus any traffic inside your home network, or from the individual client (PC, Mac, iPhone, etc.). It’s a great solution because it augments a fairly solid set of parental controls with a complete set of web filters, meaning you can breathe a little easier.

创建OpenDNS帐户以捕获来自IP地址的流量后，您可以决定是要过滤来自路由器的流量，还是要过滤来自家庭网络内部或单个客户端(PC，Mac，iPhone，等等。)。 这是一个很好的解决方案，因为它通过一组完整的Web过滤器增强了相当牢固的父母控件集，这意味着您可以更轻松地呼吸。

In the end, we hope you find a happy median between your parenting style and your kid’s computing needs. Implementing parental controls doesn’t have to be difficult and, in fact, as we’ve demonstrated repeatedly, regardless of platform, it’s really quite easy.

最后，我们希望您在育儿风格和孩子的计算需求之间找到一个满意的中位数。 实施家长控制并不难，实际上，正如我们反复说明的那样，无论使用哪种平台，这都非常容易。

That said, perhaps you’ve got a a different opinion, or maybe you don’t use OS X’s parental controls at all. Regardless, we’d like to hear from you and always encourage feedback, especially on the subject of parental controls. Please leave us your comments and questions in our discussion forum. We look forward to hearing from you!

就是说，也许您有不同的意见，或者根本不使用OS X的家长控制。 无论如何，我们希望收到您的来信，并始终鼓励您提供反馈意见，尤其是在家长控制方面。 请将您的意见和问题留在我们的论坛中。 我们期待您的回音！

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/204512/using-os-xs-parental-controls/

视频正在os x使用中