OpenCV学习笔记】二十七、轮廓特征属性及应用(四)——正外接矩形
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轮廓特征属性及应用(四)——正外接矩形
1.轮廓正外接矩形——boundingRect()
2.完成了三个小应用:正外接矩形的查找绘制、分割硬币轮廓、简单车牌字符分割
先上ppt:
代码:
正外接矩形的查找绘制:
- ///正外接矩形的查找绘制
- #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
- using namespace cv;
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- int main()
- {
- //1.查找轮廓
- //1.1查找轮廓前的预处理(灰度图,阈值化)
- Mat srcImg = imread("12.jpg",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- imshow("srcImg", srcImg);
- Mat copyImg = srcImg.clone();
- cvtColor(srcImg,srcImg,CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(srcImg,srcImg,100,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
- imshow("threshold",srcImg);
- vector <vector<Point>> contours;
- vector<Vec4i> hierarcy;//没用到
- //1.2查找轮廓
- findContours(srcImg,contours,CV_RETR_EXTERNAL,CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//最外层轮廓
- //1.3绘制所有轮廓
- drawContours(copyImg,contours,-1,Scalar(0,255,0),1,8);
- //2.由轮廓确定正外接矩形
- int width = 0;
- int height = 0;
- int x = 0;
- int y = 0;
- //2.1 定义Rect类型的vector容器boundRect存放正外接矩形,初始化大小为contours.size()即轮廓个数
- vector<Rect> boundRect(contours.size());
- //2.2 遍历每个轮廓
- for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
- {
- //2.3由轮廓(点集)确定出正外接矩形
- boundRect[i] = boundingRect(Mat(contours[i]));
- //2.4获得正外接矩形的左上角坐标及宽高
- width = boundRect[i].width;
- height = boundRect[i].height;
- x = boundRect[i].x;
- y = boundRect[i].y;
- //2.5用画矩形方法绘制正外接矩形
- rectangle(copyImg,Rect(x,y,width,height),Scalar(0,0,255),1,8);
- }
- imshow("轮廓和正外接矩形", copyImg);
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果:
分割硬币轮廓:
- ///分割硬币轮廓
- #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
- using namespace cv;
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- int main()
- {
- //1.查找轮廓
- //1.1查找轮廓前的预处理(灰度图,阈值化)
- Mat srcImg = imread("33.png",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- imshow("srcImg", srcImg);
- Mat copyImg = srcImg.clone();
- cvtColor(srcImg,srcImg,CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(srcImg,srcImg,100,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
- imshow("threshold",srcImg);
- //*1.2增加了膨胀和腐蚀
- //因为有一个轮廓有断点,导致外接矩形是两个小的而不是一个整的,故要膨胀,将断点连起来
- //1.2.1定义kernel
- Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(5,5),Point(-1,-1));
- //1.2.2膨胀
- dilate(srcImg,srcImg,kernel,Point(-1,-1));
- //1.2.3腐蚀
- erode(srcImg,srcImg,kernel,Point(-1,-1));
- imshow("膨胀和腐蚀", srcImg);
- //1.3查找轮廓
- vector <vector<Point>> contours;
- vector<Vec4i> hierarcy;//没用到
- findContours(srcImg,contours,CV_RETR_EXTERNAL,CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//最外层轮廓
- //1.4绘制所有轮廓
- drawContours(copyImg,contours,-1,Scalar(0,255,0),1,8);
- //2.由轮廓确定正外接矩形
- int width = 0;
- int height = 0;
- int x = 0;
- int y = 0;
- //2.1 定义Rect类型的vector容器boundRect存放正外接矩形,初始化大小为contours.size()即轮廓个数
- vector<Rect> boundRect(contours.size());
- //2.2 遍历每个轮廓
- for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
- {
- //2.3由轮廓(点集)确定出正外接矩形
- boundRect[i] = boundingRect(Mat(contours[i]));
- //2.4获得正外接矩形的左上角坐标及宽高
- width = boundRect[i].width;
- height = boundRect[i].height;
- x = boundRect[i].x;
- y = boundRect[i].y;
- //*2.5 对正外接矩形进行筛选(过滤掉小的)
- if (width>40 && height > 40)
- {
- //2.6用画矩形方法绘制正外接矩形
- rectangle(copyImg, Rect(x, y, width, height), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8);
- }
- }
- imshow("轮廓和正外接矩形", copyImg);
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果:
简单车牌字符分割:
- ///简单车牌字符分割
- #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
- using namespace cv;
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- int main()
- {
- //1.查找轮廓
- //1.1查找轮廓前的预处理(灰度图,阈值化)
- Mat srcImg = imread("Car.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- imshow("srcImg", srcImg);
- Mat copyImg = srcImg.clone();
- cvtColor(srcImg, srcImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(srcImg, srcImg, 100, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);
- imshow("threshold", srcImg);
- //1.2查找轮廓
- vector <vector<Point>> contours;
- vector<Vec4i> hierarcy;//没用到
- findContours(srcImg, contours, CV_RETR_LIST, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//所有轮廓
- //1.3绘制所有轮廓
- drawContours(copyImg, contours, -1, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 1, 8);
- //2.由轮廓确定正外接矩形
- int width = 0;
- int height = 0;
- int x = 0;
- int y = 0;
- //2.1 定义Rect类型的vector容器boundRect存放正外接矩形,初始化大小为contours.size()即轮廓个数
- vector<Rect> boundRect(contours.size());
- //2.2 遍历每个轮廓
- for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
- {
- //2.3由轮廓(点集)确定出正外接矩形
- boundRect[i] = boundingRect(Mat(contours[i]));
- //2.4获得正外接矩形的左上角坐标及宽高
- width = boundRect[i].width;
- height = boundRect[i].height;
- x = boundRect[i].x;
- y = boundRect[i].y;
- //*2.5 对正外接矩形进行筛选(过滤掉过小及过大的)
- if (width>(1.0 / 12)*srcImg.cols && width<(1.0 / 7)*srcImg.cols
- &&height >(1.0 / 6)*srcImg.rows&& height < (5.0 / 6)*srcImg.rows)
- {
- //2.6用画矩形方法绘制正外接矩形
- rectangle(copyImg, Rect(x, y, width, height), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8);
- //*2.7 通过ROI保存分割出的车牌字符
- //2.7.1 定义ROI
- Mat ROI = copyImg(Rect(x,y,width,height));
- //2.7.2 通过sprintf格式化文件存储名name
- char name[20] = {0};
- sprintf(name,"E:\\temp\\%d.jpg",i);
- //2.7.3 写ROI到本地
- imwrite(name,ROI);
- }
- }
- imshow("轮廓和正外接矩形", copyImg);
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果: