Zookeeper分布式队列的实现
原文地址:http://blog.****.net/Evankaka/article/details/70806752
摘要:本文要通过zookeeper实现一个简单可靠的分布式队列
本文源码请在这里下载:https://github.com/yangchunjian/DistributeLearning
一、队列
Zookeeper可以处理两种类型的队列:(1)同步队列
当一个队列的成员都聚齐时,这个队列才可用,否则一直等待所有成员到达。例如一个班去旅游,看是否所有人都到齐了,到齐了就发车。例如有个大任务分解为多个子任务,要所有子任务都完成了才能进入到下一流程。
(2)先进先出队列
按照FIFO方式进行入队和出队
例如实现生产者和消费者模型
二、实现思路(1)同步队列
在zookeeper中先创建一个根目录 queue_sync,做为队列队列的消费者监视/queue/start节点,刚开始还没有这个节点,所以什么都不会做。入队操作就是在queue_sync下创建子节点,然后计算子节点的总数,看是否和队列的目标数量相同。如果相同,创建/queue_sync/start节点,由于/queue_sync/start这个节点有了状态变化,zookeeper就会通知监视者:队员已经到齐了,监视者得到通知后进行自己的后续流程
实现代码
- package com.github.distribute.queue;
- import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
- import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
- import java.util.Collections;
- import java.util.Comparator;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.ExceptionUtil;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.exception.ZkNoNodeException;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
- import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- /**
- * 分布式队列,同步队列的实现
- *
- * @author linbingwen
- *
- * @param <T>
- */
- public class DistributedQueue<T> {
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DistributedQueue.class);
- protected final ZooKeeper zooKeeper;// 用于操作zookeeper集群
- protected final String root;// 代表根节点
- private int queueSize;
- private String startPath = "/queue/start";
- protected static final String Node_NAME = "n_";// 顺序节点的名称
- public DistributedQueue(ZooKeeper zooKeeper, String root, int queueSize) {
- this.zooKeeper = zooKeeper;
- this.root = root;
- this.queueSize = queueSize;
- init();
- }
- /**
- * 初始化根目录
- */
- private void init() {
- try {
- Stat stat = zooKeeper.exists(root, false);// 判断一下根目录是否存在
- if (stat == null) {
- zooKeeper.create(root, null, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
- }
- zooKeeper.delete(startPath, -1); // 删除队列满的标志
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("create rootPath error", e);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 获取队列的大小
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public int size() throws Exception {
- return zooKeeper.getChildren(root, false).size();
- }
- /**
- * 判断队列是否为空
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public boolean isEmpty() throws Exception {
- return zooKeeper.getChildren(root, false).size() == 0;
- }
- /**
- * bytes 转object
- *
- * @param bytes
- * @return
- */
- private Object ByteToObject(byte[] bytes) {
- Object obj = null;
- try {
- // bytearray to object
- ByteArrayInputStream bi = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
- ObjectInputStream oi = new ObjectInputStream(bi);
- obj = oi.readObject();
- bi.close();
- oi.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("translation" + e.getMessage());
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return obj;
- }
- /**
- * Object 转byte
- *
- * @param obj
- * @return
- */
- private byte[] ObjectToByte(java.lang.Object obj) {
- byte[] bytes = null;
- try {
- // object to bytearray
- ByteArrayOutputStream bo = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- ObjectOutputStream oo = new ObjectOutputStream(bo);
- oo.writeObject(obj);
- bytes = bo.toByteArray();
- bo.close();
- oo.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("translation" + e.getMessage());
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return bytes;
- }
- /**
- * 向队列提供数据,队列满的话会阻塞等待直到start标志位清除
- *
- * @param element
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public boolean offer(T element) throws Exception {
- // 构建数据节点的完整路径
- String nodeFullPath = root.concat("/").concat(Node_NAME);
- try {
- if (queueSize > size()) {
- // 创建持久的节点,写入数据
- zooKeeper.create(nodeFullPath, ObjectToByte(element), ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
- CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
- // 再判断一下队列是否满
- if (queueSize > size()) {
- zooKeeper.delete(startPath, -1); // 确保不存在
- } else {
- zooKeeper.create(startPath, null, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
- }
- } else {
- // 创建队列满的标记
- if (zooKeeper.exists(startPath, false) != null) {
- zooKeeper.create(startPath, null, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
- }
- final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
- final Watcher previousListener = new Watcher() {
- public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
- if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeDeleted) {
- latch.countDown();
- }
- }
- };
- // 如果节点不存在会出现异常
- zooKeeper.exists(startPath, previousListener);
- latch.await();
- offer(element);
- }
- } catch (ZkNoNodeException e) {
- logger.error("", e);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw ExceptionUtil.convertToRuntimeException(e);
- }
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 从队列取数据,当有start标志位时,开始取数据,全部取完数据后才删除start标志
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public T poll() throws Exception {
- try {
- // 队列还没满
- if (zooKeeper.exists(startPath, false) == null) {
- final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
- final Watcher previousListener = new Watcher() {
- public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
- if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeCreated) {
- latch.countDown();
- }
- }
- };
- // 如果节点不存在会出现异常
- zooKeeper.exists(startPath, previousListener);
- // 如果节点不存在会出现异常
- latch.await();
- }
- List<String> list = zooKeeper.getChildren(root, false);
- if (list.size() == 0) {
- return null;
- }
- // 将队列按照由小到大的顺序排序
- Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<String>() {
- public int compare(String lhs, String rhs) {
- return getNodeNumber(lhs, Node_NAME).compareTo(getNodeNumber(rhs, Node_NAME));
- }
- });
- /**
- * 将队列中的元素做循环,然后构建完整的路径,在通过这个路径去读取数据
- */
- for (String nodeName : list) {
- String nodeFullPath = root.concat("/").concat(nodeName);
- try {
- T node = (T) ByteToObject(zooKeeper.getData(nodeFullPath, false, null));
- zooKeeper.delete(nodeFullPath, -1);
- return node;
- } catch (ZkNoNodeException e) {
- logger.error("", e);
- }
- }
- return null;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw ExceptionUtil.convertToRuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 截取节点的数字的方法
- *
- * @param str
- * @param nodeName
- * @return
- */
- private String getNodeNumber(String str, String nodeName) {
- int index = str.lastIndexOf(nodeName);
- if (index >= 0) {
- index += Node_NAME.length();
- return index <= str.length() ? str.substring(index) : "";
- }
- return str;
- }
- }
代码还没验证,可能会有问题!
(2)先进先出队列
在zookeeper中先创建一个根目录 queue_fifo,做为队列。入队操作就是在queue_fifo下创建自增序的子节点,并把数据放入节点内。出队操作就是先找到queue_fifo下序号最下的那个节点,取出数据,然后删除此节点。实现代码:
- package com.github.distribute.queue;
- import java.util.Collections;
- import java.util.Comparator;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.ExceptionUtil;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.exception.ZkNoNodeException;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import com.github.distribute.lock.zookeeper.BaseDistributedLock;
- /**
- * 分布式队列,生产者,消费者的实现
- * @author linbingwen
- *
- * @param <T>
- */
- public class DistributedSimpleQueue<T> {
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BaseDistributedLock.class);
- protected final ZkClient zkClient;//用于操作zookeeper集群
- protected final String root;//代表根节点
- protected static final String Node_NAME = "n_";//顺序节点的名称
- public DistributedSimpleQueue(ZkClient zkClient, String root) {
- this.zkClient = zkClient;
- this.root = root;
- }
- //获取队列的大小
- public int size() {
- /**
- * 通过获取根节点下的子节点列表
- */
- return zkClient.getChildren(root).size();
- }
- //判断队列是否为空
- public boolean isEmpty() {
- return zkClient.getChildren(root).size() == 0;
- }
- /**
- * 向队列提供数据
- * @param element
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public boolean offer(T element) throws Exception{
- //构建数据节点的完整路径
- String nodeFullPath = root .concat( "/" ).concat( Node_NAME );
- try {
- //创建持久的节点,写入数据
- zkClient.createPersistentSequential(nodeFullPath , element);
- }catch (ZkNoNodeException e) {
- zkClient.createPersistent(root);
- offer(element);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw ExceptionUtil.convertToRuntimeException(e);
- }
- return true;
- }
- //从队列取数据
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public T poll() throws Exception {
- try {
- List<String> list = zkClient.getChildren(root);
- if (list.size() == 0) {
- return null;
- }
- //将队列按照由小到大的顺序排序
- Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<String>() {
- public int compare(String lhs, String rhs) {
- return getNodeNumber(lhs, Node_NAME).compareTo(getNodeNumber(rhs, Node_NAME));
- }
- });
- /**
- * 将队列中的元素做循环,然后构建完整的路径,在通过这个路径去读取数据
- */
- for ( String nodeName : list ){
- String nodeFullPath = root.concat("/").concat(nodeName);
- try {
- T node = (T) zkClient.readData(nodeFullPath);
- zkClient.delete(nodeFullPath);
- return node;
- } catch (ZkNoNodeException e) {
- logger.error("",e);
- }
- }
- return null;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw ExceptionUtil.convertToRuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
- private String getNodeNumber(String str, String nodeName) {
- int index = str.lastIndexOf(nodeName);
- if (index >= 0) {
- index += Node_NAME.length();
- return index <= str.length() ? str.substring(index) : "";
- }
- return str;
- }
- }
测试一下:
- package com.github.distribute.queue;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient;
- import org.I0Itec.zkclient.serialize.SerializableSerializer;
- public class DistributedQueueTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ZkClient zkClient = new ZkClient("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, 5000, new SerializableSerializer());
- DistributedSimpleQueue<SendObject> queue = new DistributedSimpleQueue<SendObject>(zkClient, "/Queue");
- new Thread(new ConsumerThread(queue)).start();
- new Thread(new ProducerThread(queue)).start();
- }
- }
- class ConsumerThread implements Runnable {
- private DistributedSimpleQueue<SendObject> queue;
- public ConsumerThread(DistributedSimpleQueue<SendObject> queue) {
- this.queue = queue;
- }
- public void run() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
- try {
- Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 5000));// 随机睡眠一下
- SendObject sendObject = (SendObject) queue.poll();
- System.out.println("消费一条消息成功:" + sendObject);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- }
- }
- }
- }
- class ProducerThread implements Runnable {
- private DistributedSimpleQueue<SendObject> queue;
- public ProducerThread(DistributedSimpleQueue<SendObject> queue) {
- this.queue = queue;
- }
- public void run() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
- try {
- Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 5000));// 随机睡眠一下
- SendObject sendObject = new SendObject(String.valueOf(i), "content" + i);
- queue.offer(sendObject);
- System.out.println("发送一条消息成功:" + sendObject);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- }
- }
- }
- }
- class SendObject implements Serializable {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- public SendObject(String id, String content) {
- this.id = id;
- this.content = content;
- }
- private String id;
- private String content;
- public String getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(String id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getContent() {
- return content;
- }
- public void setContent(String content) {
- this.content = content;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "SendObject [id=" + id + ", content=" + content + "]";
- }
- }
输出结果:
本文源码请在这里下载:https://github.com/yangchunjian/DistributeLearning