1889年4月份11天内出生的三个世界第一

1、查理.卓别林(1889年4月16日----1977年12月25日


喜剧之王


1889年4月份11天内出生的三个世界第一

卓别林的第一部有声电影《大独裁者》,是专门针对阿道夫·希特勒和纳粹主义所制作,并于美国放弃孤立主义参战的前一年发表。在当时的政治气候下,这部影片的诉求相当大胆。它生动地写明纳粹主义的丑恶,并塑造一个生动的犹太角色,描写他遭受到的迫害。卓别林在这部电影中同时扮演了一位类似(包括面目形状上的类似)希特勒的纳粹独裁者和一位受纳粹主义残酷迫害的犹太理发师。酷爱电影的希特勒看了这部电影两次(希特勒个人的影院征求的影片的纪录尚存)。此外希特勒与卓别林的生日只差四天(希特勒出生于1889年4月20日)。


2、阿道夫·希特勒(1889年4月20日---1945年4月30日)


世界大魔头(另外两个小魔头为墨索里尼和东条英机)


1889年4月份11天内出生的三个世界第一


与路德维希·维特根斯坦是小学同学,比路德维希·维特根斯坦年长6天。


1889年4月份11天内出生的三个世界第一


3、路德维希·维特根斯坦(1889年4月26日---1951年4月29日)


目前在近200年哲学家中排名第一,代表作《逻辑哲学论》《哲学研究》。剑桥大学三一学院博士毕业,导师为罗素(排第三位)。


1889年4月份11天内出生的三个世界第一



备注:按照这个榜单,前十名分别是:1、维特根斯坦,2、弗雷格,3、罗素,4、密尔(小密尔,即《功利主义》的作者),5、奎因,6、黑格尔,7、克里普克,8、尼采,9、马克思,10、克尔凯郭尔。

最后一名,即第40名是萨特的情人:德。波伏娃。以后有时间陆续介绍几个。


根据600位投票者的投票结果统计得来,这就是历时一年的所谓莱特报告【Leiter Reports】):谁是过去200年间最重要的哲学家?结果很有趣,当然这只是一家之言,有些重要哲学家被漏掉了,而当选者之中也有些被夸大的,不管怎样,这些哲学家都曾深深地影响了我们的世界与思维。中国之所以还处在封建主义时代,与哲学等思想领域的极度落后有直接关系,这与多年来实行思想控制的社会治理手段有直接关系,这也是我们当下仍需要进行启蒙的深层原因,否则整个国家是断然没有前途和希望的。下面就是这次调查结果,看看你都认识哪位哲学家?读过他们的哪些著作?在此基础上,我们做一个中国版的二次调查,你认为最重要的10位都是谁?

1. Ludwig Wittgenstein (Condorcet winner: wins contests with all other choices)

2. Gottlob Frege loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 261–160

3. Bertrand Russell loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 280–137, loses to Gottlob Frege by 218–156

4. John Stuart Mill loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 280–135, loses to Bertrand Russell by 204–178

5. W.V.O. Quine loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 291–150, loses to John Stuart Mill by 214–198

6. G.W.F. Hegel loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 290–130, loses to W.V.O. Quine by 214–210

7. Saul Kripke loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 314–138, loses to G.W.F. Hegel by 224–213

8. Friedrich Nietzsche loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 290–117, loses to Saul Kripke by 209–207

9. Karl Marx loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 359–95, loses to Friedrich Nietzsche by 254–138

10. Soren Kierkegaard loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 358–124, loses to Karl Marx by 230–213

11. Rudolf Carnap loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 345–90, loses to Soren Kierkegaard by 245–194

12. John Rawls loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 379–80, loses to Rudolf Carnap by 212–175

13. David K. Lewis loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 352–92, loses to John Rawls by 211–166

14. G.E. Moore loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 362–59, loses to David K. Lewis by 188–152

15. Donald Davidson loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 342–50, loses to G.E. Moore by 171–158

16. Martin Heidegger loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 351–63, loses to Donald Davidson by 188–161

17. Edmund Husserl loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 336–51, loses to Martin Heidegger by 169–140

18. Hilary Putnam loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 338–51, loses to Edmund Husserl by 148–138

19. William James loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 347–42, loses to Hilary Putnam by 151–146

20. Charles Sanders Peirce loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 333–40, loses to William James by 145–109

21. Alfred Tarski loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 323–55, loses to Charles Sanders Peirce by 132–109

22. J.L. Austin loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 346–29, loses to Alfred Tarski by 131–126

23. P.F. Strawson loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 339–42, loses to J.L. Austin by 137–127

24. Karl Popper loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 344–47, loses to P.F. Strawson by 135–127

25. G.E.M. Anscombe loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 326–35, loses to Karl Popper by 137–128

26. Jean-Paul Sartre loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 355–54, loses to G.E.M. Anscombe by 145–139

27. John Dewey loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 344–28, loses to Jean-Paul Sartre by 138–134

28. Wilfrid Sellars loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 348–29, loses to John Dewey by 123–116

29. Arthur Schopenhauer loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 352–30, loses to Wilfrid Sellars by 129–117

30. Henry Sidgwick loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 302–29, loses to Arthur Schopenhauer by 108–105

31. Alfred North Whitehead loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 333–24, loses to Henry Sidgwick by 108–86

32. Michel Foucault loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 357–31, loses to Alfred North Whitehead by 123–121

33. Bernard Williams loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 337–29, loses to Michel Foucault by 128–127

34. Gilbert Ryle loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 347–23, loses to Bernard Williams by 113–110

35. Maurice Merleau-Ponty loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 329–32, loses to Gilbert Ryle by 112–107

36. Franz Brentano loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 326–26, loses to Maurice Merleau-Ponty by 111–100

37. Michael Dummett loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 343–26, loses to Franz Brentano by 106–92

38. Jurgen Habermas loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 340–22, loses to Michael Dummett by 115–97

39. Hannah Arendt loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 336–29, loses to Jurgen Habermas by 107–98

40. Simone de Beauvoir loses to Ludwig Wittgenstein by 336–30, loses to Hannah Arendt by 110–100