高版本springcloud sleuth+zipkin+rabbitmq+ES 微服务链路追踪,还是有几个坑哎
一、用来干嘛的
微服务运用较多,相互调用可能错综复杂,springcloud sleuth+zipkin+rabbitmq+ES可以帮助定位问题,分析各个服务性能瓶颈,快速了解整个服务调用过程
二、了解原理,虚线外部分一般springcloud sleuth实现,zipkin将链路数据通过http或mq发送到ES或MySQL
一个链路一个traceId多个跨度spanId(第一个spanId=traceId),可以自定义跨度,前一个spanId是后一个的parent,维系调用顺序。如图上一行的server received(SR)事件对应下一行的则是server sent (SS)事件(或相反),client sent (CS)对应client recieved(CR)事件(或相反),且上下行spanId对应,整个过程traveId不变。spanId=A的server receive时间与spanId=A的server sent时间差为调用耗时。springcloud-sleuth大致原理是这样的:也是扫描spring.factories里一些配置类实例化一些特殊bean实现链路追踪,有十余个配置类,这里简单看几个
TraceAutoConfiguration->主要配置了一个Tracing对象到spring
TraceWebServletAutoConfiguration->设置自定义请求头traceID,spanID,这是为什么traceID,spanID能跨服务器传递的原因,而同一进程内能够自由获取到traceID,spanID就是threadlocal的作用了
TraceSchedulingAutoConfiguration ->通过aop切入@Scheduled注解的方法来记录spanid等,
TraceFeignClientAutoConfiguration同上
TraceZuulAutoConfiguration以拦截器方式获取请求中获取请求头中的span等
三、集成步骤
先整合log4j2,@link https://mp.****.net/postedit/88916349log4j2 异步日志总结
,关键是日志pattern配置pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level [%logger{50}:%L] [%X{X-B3-TraceId},%X{X-B3-SpanId}] - %msg%n" ,然后每个服务添加依赖,重启即可看到traceID与spanID.,需要配置类zipkin URL等相关配置
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
每个服务的主配置都要配置,通过http上传链路数据
spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411
spring.zipkin.enabled=true
spring.sleuth.sampler.probability=1
四、zipkin-server
网上找了一些资料想直接搭一个zipkin-server,网上找了一些资料都是整合的低版本springboot。这里有最新版本=>最新zipkin-server,需要其它版本可修改URL中的版本参数。直接启动jar包,默认端口9411。浏览器访问:http://localhost:9411/zipkin/
五、使用rabbitmq/kafak收集数据,ES储存数据
1、自己搭建zipkin-server,实现从rabbitMQ收集数据,ES储存数据
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<groupId>com.jwolf</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zipkin-server</name>
<description>zipkin-server</description>
<properties>
<project-name>zipkin-server-stream</project-name>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
<zipkin.version>2.11.9</zipkin.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
<version>${zipkin.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 使用消息的方式收集数据(使用rabbitmq) -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-collector-rabbitmq</artifactId>
<version>${zipkin.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 支持Elasticsearch 2.x - 6.x -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-storage-elasticsearch-http</artifactId>
<version>2.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.11.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.配置文件,入口类开启@EnableZipkinServer
server.port=9411
spring.application.name=zipkin
management.metrics.web.server.auto-time-requests=false
#rabbitmq采集数据
zipkin.collector.rabbitmq.addresses=127.0.0.1:5672
zipkin.collector.rabbitmq.password=guest
zipkin.collector.rabbitmq.username=guest
zipkin.collector.rabbitmq.queue=zipkin #不可自定义
#ES存储数据
zipkin.storage.type=elasticsearch
zipkin.storage.elasticsearch.cluster=elasticsearch
zipkin.storage.elasticsearch.hosts=192.168.199.128:9200
zipkin.storage.elasticsearch.index=zipkin #可自定义
zipkin.storage.elasticsearch.index-shards=3
zipkin.storage.elasticsearch.index-replicas=0
3.各个被监控微服务client端基本依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.jwolf</groupId>
<artifactId>jwolf-ordercenter</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>jwolf-ordercenter</name>
<description>order center</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RC2</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jwolf</groupId>
<artifactId>jwolf-usercenter</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- 排除自带的logback依赖 -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion> <!-- 排除自带的logback依赖 -->
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!--log4j2异步支持-->
<groupId>com.lmax</groupId>
<artifactId>disruptor</artifactId>
<version>3.3.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
4.client端配置
spring.sleuth.sampler.probability=1
spring.sleuth.web.client.enabled=true
spring.zipkin.enabled=true
#spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411 默认web http方式上传,改用mq异步方式
spring.zipkin.sender.type=rabbit
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=localhost:5672
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.zipkin.service.name=${spring.application.name}
5.ES效果预览,睡觉!
五、点到即止:也可以不自己单独搭一个rabbitmq上报链路信息,es存储信息的zipkin-server.
可以直接log4j2直接上报到logstash或日志落地后上传到logstash,或rabbitmq到logstash或filebeat读取日志文件到es(或logstash)