Python数据可视化—seaborn简介和实例
Seaborn其实是在matplotlib的基础上进行了更高级的API封装,从而使得作图更加容易,在大多数情况下使用seaborn就能做出很具有吸引力的图。这里实例采用的数据集都是seaborn提供的几个经典数据集,dataset文件可见于Github。本博客只总结了一些,方便博主自己查询,详细介绍可以看seaborn官方API和example gallery,官方文档还是写的很好的。
1 set_style( ) set( )
set_style( )是用来设置主题的,Seaborn有五个预设好的主题: darkgrid , whitegrid , dark , white ,和 ticks 默认: darkgrid
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- import seaborn as sns
- sns.set_style("whitegrid")
- plt.plot(np.arange(10))
- plt.show()
set( )通过设置参数可以用来设置背景,调色板等,更加常用。
- import seaborn as sns
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- sns.set(style="white", palette="muted", color_codes=True) #set( )设置主题,调色板更常用
- plt.plot(np.arange(10))
- plt.show()
2 distplot( ) kdeplot( )
distplot( )为hist加强版,kdeplot( )为密度曲线图
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- import seaborn as sns
- df_iris = pd.read_csv('../input/iris.csv')
- fig, axes = plt.subplots(1,2)
- sns.distplot(df_iris['petal length'], ax = axes[0], kde = True, rug = True) # kde 密度曲线 rug 边际毛毯
- sns.kdeplot(df_iris['petal length'], ax = axes[1], shade=True) # shade 阴影
- plt.show()
- import numpy as np
- import seaborn as sns
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- sns.set( palette="muted", color_codes=True)
- rs = np.random.RandomState(10)
- d = rs.normal(size=100)
- f, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(7, 7), sharex=True)
- sns.distplot(d, kde=False, color="b", ax=axes[0, 0])
- sns.distplot(d, hist=False, rug=True, color="r", ax=axes[0, 1])
- sns.distplot(d, hist=False, color="g", kde_kws={"shade": True}, ax=axes[1, 0])
- sns.distplot(d, color="m", ax=axes[1, 1])
- plt.show()
3 箱型图 boxplot( )
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- import seaborn as sns
- df_iris = pd.read_csv('../input/iris.csv')
- sns.boxplot(x = df_iris['class'],y = df_iris['sepal width'])
- plt.show()
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- import seaborn as sns
- tips = pd.read_csv('../input/tips.csv')
- sns.set(style="ticks") #设置主题
- sns.boxplot(x="day", y="total_bill", hue="sex", data=tips, palette="PRGn") #palette 调色板
- plt.show()
4 联合分布jointplot( )
- tips = pd.read_csv('../input/tips.csv') #右上角显示相关系数
- sns.jointplot("total_bill", "tip", tips)
- plt.show()
- tips = pd.read_csv('../input/tips.csv')
- sns.jointplot("total_bill", "tip", tips, kind='reg')
- plt.show()
5 热点图heatmap( )
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- import seaborn as sns
- data = pd.read_csv("../input/car_crashes.csv")
- data = data.corr()
- sns.heatmap(data)
- plt.show()
6 pairplot( )
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- import seaborn as sns
- data = pd.read_csv("../input/iris.csv")
- sns.set() #使用默认配色
- sns.pairplot(data,hue="class") #hue 选择分类列
- plt.show()
- import seaborn as sns
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- iris = pd.read_csv('../input/iris.csv')
- sns.pairplot(iris, vars=["sepal width", "sepal length"],hue='class',palette="husl")
- plt.show()
7 FacetGrid( )
- import seaborn as sns
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- tips = pd.read_csv('../input/tips.csv')
- g = sns.FacetGrid(tips, col="time", row="smoker")
- g = g.map(plt.hist, "total_bill", color="r")
- plt.show()
参考链接: