使用C#控制远程计算机的服务

在.net中提供了一些类来显示和控制Windows系统上的服务,并可以实现对远程计算机服务服务的访问,如System.ServiceProcess命名空间下面的ServiceController 类,System.Management下面的一些WMI操作的类。虽然用ServiceController可以很方便的实现对服务的控制,而且很直观、简洁和容易理解。但是我认为他的功能同通过WMI来操作服务相比,那可能就有些单一了,并且对多个服务的操作可能就比较麻烦,也无法列出系统中的所有服务的具体数据。这里要讲的就是如何使用System.Management组件来操作远程和本地计算机上的服务。
WMI作为Windows 2000操作系统的一部分提供了可伸缩的,可扩展的管理架构.公共信息模型(CIM)是由分布式管理任务标准协会(DMTF)设计的一种可扩展的、面向对象的架构,用于管理系统、网络、应用程序、数据库和设备。Windows管理规范也称作CIM for Windows,提供了统一的访问管理信息的方式。如果需要获取详细的WMI信息请读者查阅MSDN。System.Management组件提供对大量管理信息和管理事件集合的访问,这些信息和事件是与根据 Windows 管理规范 (WMI) 结构对系统、设备和应用程序设置检测点有关的。
但是上面并不是我们最关心的,下面才是我们需要谈的话题。
毫无疑问,我们要引用System.Management.Dll程序集,并要使用System.Management命名空间下的类,如ManagementClass,ManagementObject等。下面用一个名为Win32ServiceManager的类把服务的一些相关操作包装了一下,代码如下:
using System;
using System.Management;
namespace ZZ.Wmi
{
    public class Win32ServiceManager
    {
        private string strPath;
        private ManagementClass managementClass;
       
        #region构造函数
        //构造函数,本地主机
        public Win32ServiceManager():this(".",null,null)
        {
        }
        //构造函数,远程主机
        public Win32ServiceManager(string host,string userName,string password)
        {
            this.strPath = "\\\\"+host+"\\root\\cimv2:Win32_Service";
            this.managementClass = new ManagementClass(strPath);
            //连接远程主机
            if(userName!=null&&userName.Length>0)
            {
                ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();
                connectionOptions.Username = userName;
                connectionOptions.Password = password;
                ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "\\\\" +host+ "\\root\\cimv2",connectionOptions) ;
                this.managementClass.Scope = managementScope;
            }
        }
        #endregion
        //获取一个值,表示是否能连接到远程计算机
        public static bool RemoteConnectValidate(string host,string userName,string password)
        {
            ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();
            connectionOptions.Username = userName;
            connectionOptions.Password = password;
            ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "\\\\" +host+ "\\root\\cimv2",connectionOptions) ;
            try
            {
                managementScope.Connect();
            }
            catch
            {
            }
            return managementScope.IsConnected;
        }
        //获取指定服务属性的值
        public object GetServiceValue(string serviceName,string propertyName)
        {
            ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();
            mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");
            return mo[propertyName];
        }
        //获取所连接的计算机的所有服务数据
        public string [,] GetServiceList()
        {
            string [,] services = new string [this.managementClass.GetInstances().Count,4];
            int i = 0;
            foreach(ManagementObject mo in this.managementClass.GetInstances())
            {
                services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];
                services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];
                services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];
                services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];
                i++;
            }
            return services;
        }
        //获取所连接的计算机的指定服务数据
        public string [,] GetServiceList(string serverName)
        {
            return GetServiceList(new string []{serverName});
        }
        //获取所连接的计算机的的指定服务数据
        public string [,] GetServiceList(string [] serverNames)
        {
            string [,] services = new string [serverNames.Length,4];
            ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();
            for(int i = 0;i<serverNames.Length;i++)
            {
                mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serverNames[i]+"\"");
                services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];
                services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];
                services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];
                services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];
            }
            return services;
        }
        #region服务操作
        //停止指定的服务
        public string StartService(string serviceName)
        {
            string strRst = null;
            ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();
            mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");
            try
            {
                if((string)mo["State"]=="Stopped")//!(bool)mo["AcceptStop"]
                    mo.InvokeMethod("StartService",null);
            }
            catch(ManagementException e)
            {
                strRst =e.Message;
            }
            return strRst;
        }
        //暂停指定的服务
        public string PauseService(string serviceName)
        {
            string strRst = null;
            ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();
            mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");
            try
            {
                //判断是否可以暂停
                if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Running")
                    mo.InvokeMethod("PauseService",null);
            }
            catch(ManagementException e)
            {
                strRst =e.Message;
            }
            return strRst;
        }
        //恢复指定的服务
        public string ResumeService(string serviceName)
        {
            string strRst = null;
            ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();
            mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");
            try
            {
                //判断是否可以恢复
                if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Paused")
                    mo.InvokeMethod("ResumeService",null);
            }
            catch(ManagementException e)
            {
                strRst =e.Message;
            }
            return strRst;
        }
        //停止指定的服务
        public string StopService(string serviceName)
        {
            string strRst = null;
            ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();
            mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");
            try
            {
                //判断是否可以停止
                if((bool)mo["AcceptStop"])//(string)mo["State"]=="Running"
                    mo.InvokeMethod("StopService",null);
            }
            catch(ManagementException e)
            {
                strRst =e.Message;
            }
            return strRst;
        }
}
}


使用C#控制远程计算机的服务在Win32ServiceManager中通过RemoteConnectValidate静态方法来测试连接成功与否;另外提供了GetServiceValue方法和GetServiceList方法以及它的重载来获取服务信息;后面的四个方法就是对服务的状态控制了。
    下面建立一个简单的窗口来使用它。
大致的界面如下:

通过vs.net 2003可以很快做出上面的窗体,下面列出了一些增加的代码:
using ZZ.Wmi;
namespace ZZForm
{
    public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
    {
        //……
        private Win32ServiceManager serviceManager;
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.serviceManager = null;
        }
        //……
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            Application.Run(new Form1());
        }
        //修改服务状态
        private void buttonChangeState_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            switch(((Button)sender).Text)
            {
                case "启动":
                    string startRst = this.serviceManager.StartService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);
                    if(startRst==null)
                        MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");
                    else
                        MessageBox.Show(startRst);
                    break;
                case "暂停":
                    string startPause = this.serviceManager.PauseService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);
                    if(startPause==null)
                        MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");
                    else
                        MessageBox.Show(startPause);
                    break;
                case "继续":
                    string startResume = this.serviceManager.ResumeService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);
                    if(startResume==null)
                        MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");
                    else
                        MessageBox.Show(startResume);
                    break;
                case "停止":
                    string startStop = this.serviceManager.StopService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);
                    if(startStop==null)
                        MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");
                    else
                        MessageBox.Show(startStop);
                    break;
            }
        }
        //获取和刷新数据
        private void buttonLoadRefresh_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim().Length>0)
            {
                if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim()==".")
                {
                    this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager();
                }
                else
                {
                if(Win32ServiceManager.RemoteConnectValidate(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim()))
                    {
                        this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim());
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("连接到远程计算机验证错误.");
                        return;
                    }
                }
                string [,] services = serviceManager.GetServiceList();
                this.listViewService.BeginUpdate();
                this.listViewService.Items.Clear();
                for(int i=0;i<services.GetLength(0);i++)
                {
                    ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem(new string[]{services[i,0],services[i,1],services[i,2],services[i,3]});
                    this.listViewService.Items.Add(item);
                }
                this.listViewService.EndUpdate();
            }
            else
                MessageBox.Show("请输入计算机名或IP地址");
        }
    }
}
 
    说明,其实一个服务的属性和方法除了上面这几个还有很多,我们可以通过实例化ManagementClass类,使用它的Properties属性和Methods属性列出所有的属性和方法。上面的Win32ServiceManager中生成的每个服务实例都是ManagementObejct类型的,其实还有一种强类型的类,可以通过编程和工具来生成。
    总结,通过引用System.Management命名空间,上面简单的实现了通过访问\root\cimv2:Win32_Service名称空间对服务进行显示和操作。此外,我们还可以通过访问其他名称空间来访问计算机的一些硬件信息,软件信息以及网络等,有兴趣的读者可以研究一下。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/captain_ccc/articles/1517665.html