拇指虚拟机是什么_什么时候应该适当地“弹出”拇指驱动器？

拇指虚拟机是什么

When do you safely remove a device? Some users put caution to the wind and yank out any device, while others perform religious rituals every time. Here are some tips and guidelines for practicing safe drive removal.

您何时安全删除设备？ 一些用户小心翼翼，猛拉任何设备，而其他用户则每次都要执行宗教仪式。 这是一些练习安全驱动器的提示和准则。

Removable storage has been around as long as the personal computer and safely removing or “ejecting” drives is something that OS X and Linux users are very familiar with. Whenever an external storage device is plugged into those operating system it becomes mounted to a location, and if you just pull it out without warning your OS, typically you receive a nasty warning saying you may have just lost all your data.

可移动存储的存在时间与个人计算机差不多，而安全删除或“弹出”驱动器是OS X和Linux用户非常熟悉的事情。 每当将外部存储设备插入这些操作系统时，它就会安装到某个位置，并且如果您在不警告操作系统的情况下将其拔出，通常会收到讨厌的警告，说您可能丢失了所有数据。

In Windows, however, drive mounting is different. It doesn’t always require you to safely remove a device and rarely does it send out nastygram popups when you remove a device without warning. At most, you may get a popup the next time you plug in the device asking you to scan and fix the drive.

但是，在Windows中，驱动器安装有所不同。 它并不总是要求您安全地删除设备，并且在删除设备而没有警告的情况下，它很少发出讨厌的图片弹出窗口。 最多一次，下一次插入设备时，您可能会弹出一个窗口， 要求您扫描并修复驱动器 。

So how can you know when you should eject a drive before unplugging it? Here are some never, always, and sometimes situations to consider.

那么，如何知道在拔出驱动器之前何时应该弹出驱动器呢？ 这里有一些永远，永远，有时需要考虑的情况。

永不退出 (Never Eject)

Let’s start with the easy scenarios first; devices you never need to eject before removing. This includes the following:

让我们先从简单的场景开始； 删除之前无需退出的设备。 其中包括以下内容：

• Read only media like CDs and DVDs as well as write protected USB, CF, or SD cards. When a device is in read only mode there is no way to corrupt the information on the device because Windows does not have the capability of changing information. For USB devices, make sure there is a physical switch on the casing that allows you to switch between read and write modes.
  只读CD和DVD等媒体，以及受写保护的USB，CF或SD卡。 当设备处于只读模式时，由于Windows无法更改信息，因此无法破坏设备上的信息。 对于USB设备，请确保外壳上有一个物理开关，以便您在读和写模式之间进行切换。
• Network drives stored on a NAS or in “the cloud”. This doesn’t mean the information won’t ever become corrupt by disconnecting your network while writing files, but these drives do not need to be safely removed like other devices because they are not controlled by the same plug n play subsystem.
  存储在NAS或“云”中的网络驱动器。 这并不意味着在写入文件时断开网络连接不会破坏信息，但是不需要像其他设备一样安全地删除这些驱动器，因为它们不受相同的即插即用子系统控制。
• Portable devices like media players and cameras connected via USB. These devices hold a special place in Windows and do not need, nor can they be, ejected before removing. For portable devices you won’t see a safely remove option in the menu.
  通过USB连接的便携式设备，例如媒体播放器和相机。 这些设备在Windows中占有特殊的位置，不需要，也不能在卸下前将其弹出。 对于便携式设备，菜单中不会显示安全删除选项。
• Devices with ReadyBoost. I know no one uses ReadyBoost anymore, but if you are using a device for a swap space boost, you should always let the operating system know before you remove it. Thanks to the readers below I found that Microsoft does not require ReadyBoost devices to be ejected before being removed. The ReadyBoost files are simply a cache for the real files being written to disk and removing the drive without ejecting does not harm the system.
  具有ReadyBoost的设备。 我知道没有人再使用ReadyBoost，但是如果您正在使用一台设备来增加交换空间，则应始终在删除操作系统之前告知操作系统。 感谢下面的读者，我发现Microsoft不需要将ReadyBoost设备移除后再弹出。 ReadyBoost文件只是用于将实际文件写入磁盘的缓存，在不弹出的情况下卸下驱动器不会损害系统。
• There is one more type of device you should never eject and that is a device you have booted an OS from. By “never eject” we mean don’t ever pull the drive out of the system unless the computer is turned off or the entire operating system is loaded into RAM like winPE. Most typical live Linux distributions only load what is needed from the disk when asked for it. Because the OS needs access to the drive to load files and software you should never pull out the boot device while the OS is running. The same goes for your Windows system drive (C:) because technically you could install Windows on a removable device and Windows 8 will have the option for a portable workspace.
  还有一种您永远不应该弹出的设备，它是您从中引导操作系统的设备。 所谓“从不弹出”，是指不要将驱动器从系统中拉出，除非关闭计算机或将整个操作系统加载到WinPE之类的RAM中。 大多数典型的实时Linux发行版仅在需要时才从磁盘加载所需的内容。 因为操作系统需要访问驱动器才能加载文件和软件，所以在操作系统运行时，切勿拔出引导设备。 Windows系统驱动器(C :)也是如此，因为从技术上讲，您可以在可移动设备上安装Windows，并且Windows 8将提供可移植工作区的选项。

总是弹出 (Always Eject)

On the other end of the spectrum are storage devices that you should make a habit out of safely ejecting every time you remove it. This includes:

在另一端是存储设备，您应该养成每次取出时都安全退出的习惯。 这包括：

• USB Hard drives that are powered via USB. Spinning disks do not like when power is abruptly cut off from the device, and by ejecting the device first you can allow Windows to park the read/write heads off to the side so no damage occurs.
  USB通过USB供电的硬盘驱动器。 旋转磁盘不喜欢突然断开设备电源，通过先弹出设备，您可以允许Windows将读/写磁头向侧面停放，这样就不会造成损坏。

• Storage devices you have specifically turned on write cache for better performance. Turning on write cache greatly increases the devices performance, but the downside is you should always use the eject prompt before unplugging the device to prevent file system corruption.

  您专门打开存储缓存的存储设备以获得更好的性能 。 打开写缓存可以大大提高设备性能，但是缺点是，在拔出设备插头之前，应始终使用弹出提示，以防止文件系统损坏。

• Drives that are in use. You won’t be able to safely remove these devices until you close all the open files or the read/write operations finish. If you were heavily using the drive, it is good practice to eject the drive first to make sure Windows is still not using the files. Technically you only need to safely remove a drive when you are writing to the drive, but if you have files open you may get a file not found error in the program or crash if the device is no longer available. If you are copying files from the device you will probably end up with corrupted files in your destination which can be just as bad.
  正在使用的驱动器。 在关闭所有打开的文件或完成读/写操作之前，您将无法安全地删除这些设备。 如果您大量使用驱动器，则最好先弹出驱动器以确保Windows仍未使用文件。 从技术上讲，您只需要在写入驱动器时安全地删除驱动器，但是如果打开了文件，则程序中可能会出现找不到文件的错误或崩溃，如果该设备不再可用。 如果要从设备复制文件，则可能会导致目的地中的文件损坏，而损坏的情况可能同样严重。
• Drives with encrypted files or file systems. If you are decrypting files so you can read them you should always make sure you eject the drive before removing it from the system. This should allow your encryption software to properly re-encrypt any changes you have made before pulling the plug.
  具有加密文件或文件系统的驱动器。 如果要解密文件以便可以读取它们，则应始终确保先弹出驱动器，然后再将其从系统中删除。 这将使您的加密软件能够正确地重新加密在拔出插头之前所做的任何更改。

• Devices with ReadyBoost. I know no one uses ReadyBoost anymore, but if you are using a device for a swap space boost, you should always let the operating system know before you remove it.

  具有ReadyBoost的设备。 我知道没有人再使用ReadyBoost，但是如果您正在使用一台设备来增加交换空间，则应始终在删除操作系统之前告知操作系统。

Because it is sometimes a pain to eject a drive, here are two how-tos for creating a shortcut or hotkey to quickly eject your drive(s). Create a shortcut using disk ejector or create a shortcut using built in functionality.

因为弹出驱动器有时会很麻烦，所以这里有两个创建快捷方式或热键以快速弹出驱动器的方法。 使用磁盘弹出器 创建快捷方式或使用内置功能创建快捷方式 。

有时会弹出 (Sometimes Eject)

The drives that are left are the typical USB flash drives you probably carry in your pocket all the time. Here are some guidelines and tips to follow before removal.

剩下的驱动器是您可能一直随身携带的典型USB闪存驱动器。 以下是删除之前应遵循的一些准则和提示。

By default Windows sets removable storage devices to allow for quick removal. This means you should be able to just pull the drive from the system so long as it is not in use. There are still a couple situations you may want to consider though.

默认情况下，Windows将可移动存储设备设置为允许快速删除。 这意味着只要不使用驱动器，您就应该能够将其从系统中拉出。 不过，您仍然可能要考虑几种情况。

• When running portable apps from a USB drive. The software should run completely from memory, but if the software needs to save a configuration file or reload a portion of the program and the drive is not available the program may crash. In this case, ejecting the drive won’t necessarily help, but you should consider closing the programs before removing the drive.
  从USB驱动器运行便携式应用程序时。 该软件应完全从内存运行，但是如果该软件需要保存配置文件或重新加载程序的一部分，并且驱动器不可用，则该程序可能会崩溃。 在这种情况下，弹出驱动器不一定有帮助，但是您应该在卸下驱动器之前考虑关闭程序。

• Devices with CD emulators or launchers like U3. These launchers are just programs that autorun when the device is plugged in which means the program may be running in memory and prevent you from safely removing the device. Of course we’d just recommend you uninstall the launcher completely.

  带有CD模拟器或启动器的设备，例如U3。 这些启动器只是在插入设备后自动运行的程序，这意味着该程序可能正在内存中运行，并阻止您安全地卸下设备 。 当然，我们只建议您完全卸载启动器 。

• After writing files to the drive. Even if the light on the drive stops flashing, Windows may still be waiting for the device to become ready or another task to finish first. Any time you write files to a flash drive, ejecting is a good idea or you might get the dreaded “delay write failed” error and have to start your file copy all over again.
  将文件写入驱动器后。 即使驱动器上的指示灯停止闪烁，Windows仍可能在等待设备准备就绪或其他任务首先完成。 每当您将文件写入闪存驱动器时，弹出都是一个好主意，否则您可能会遇到可怕的“延迟写入失败”错误，并且必须重新开始文件复制。
• When using file systems with a journal like NTFS and HFS+. A journal helps with errors when power is lost or a drive disconnects allowing the system to continue with its file actions once power is restored. This is great for internal hard drives but can lead to unwanted consequences on a device that plugs into multiple different computers and operating systems. For most removable drives you are probably better off sticking with FAT32 for drives that need to also be used in OS X or Linux or exFAT for drives that are strictly kept to new Windows systems and OS X.
  将文件系统与NTFS和HFS +之类的日志一起使用时。 断电或驱动器断开连接时，日志有助于解决错误，一旦恢复电源，系统即可继续执行其文件操作。 这对于内部硬盘驱动器非常有用，但是会导致插入多台不同计算机和操作系统的设备上产生不必要的后果。 对于大多数可移动驱动器，对于需要在OS X或Linux中使用的驱动器，最好还是使用FAT32；对于严格保留在新的Windows系统和OS X中的驱动器，最好使用exFAT。
• USB hard drives with external power adapters. USB hard drives are treated different from USB flash drives and even if the drive has external power, it is still a good idea to let Windows park the heads before removing the USB cable from the computer. Windows removal policy will allow the drive to be removed without major reproductions, but larger drives typically hold larger files too (>2 GB) which means you also probably have the drive formatted with NTFS. As we just stated above, ejecting NTFS drives is good practice.
  带外部电源适配器的USB硬盘驱动器。 USB硬盘驱动器与USB闪存驱动器的区别在于，即使该驱动器具有外部电源，在从计算机上拔下USB电缆之前，最好让Windows停下磁头。 Windows删除策略将允许删除该驱动器而无需进行主要复制，但是较大的驱动器通常也可以容纳较大的文件(> 2 GB)，这意味着您也可能已使用NTFS格式化了该驱动器。 如上所述，弹出NTFS驱动器是一个好习惯。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/69869/when-should-you-properly-eject-your-thumb-drive/

拇指虚拟机是什么