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在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

分类: 文章 • 2024-12-17 18:38:10

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

 

 

  1. . Linux.
  2.     设置为静态IP地址，并将DNS设置为与主机一致，

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

  1. 修改主机名

[[email protected] ~]# hostname

localhost.localdomain    ##Oracle数据库的安装在生产中要慎重考虑主机名，避免二次修改。

[[email protected] ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname ynosb

[[email protected] ~]# hostnamectl    ##验证是否成功

 

  1. 在/etc/hosts文件中设置主机域名解析

    # vi /etc/hosts

    192.168.59.144 dbserver

 

 

  1. 安装相关包
  2. Oracle官方文档中确定要安装的包如下:

    binutils-2.17.50.0.6

    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3

    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)

    elfutils-libelf-0.125

    elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125

    gcc-4.1.2

    gcc-c++-4.1.2

    glibc-2.5-24

    glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit)

    glibc-common-2.5

    glibc-devel-2.5

    glibc-devel-2.5 (32 bit)

    glibc-headers-2.5

    ksh-20060214

    libaio-0.3.106

    libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)

    libaio-devel-0.3.106

    libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit)

    libgcc-4.1.2

    libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit)

    libstdc++-4.1.2

    libstdc++-4.1.2 (32 bit)

    libstdc++-devel-4.1.2

    make-3.81

    numactl-devel-0.9.8.x86_64

    sysstat-7.0.2

  1. 检查上述系统中上述包的安装情况

# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel

    # rpm -q glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat

  1. 安装上述包中系统未安装的包

从rhel-server-7.3-x86_64-dvd.iso的packages文件夹中拷贝下文件到虚拟机面机进行安装。

顺序很重要，如下：

#rpm -ivh glibc-2.17-157.el7.i686.rpm nss-softokn-freebl-3.16.2.3-14.4.el7.i686.rpm

#rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.17-157.el7.i686.rpm

#rpm -ivh libgcc-4.8.5-11.el7.i686.rpm

#rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm

#rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh pkgconfig-0.27.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh zlib-devel-1.2.7-17.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.166-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh ksh-20120801-26.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.i686.rpm

#rpm -ivh libstdc++-4.8.5-11.el7.i686.rpm

#rpm -ivh numactl-devel-2.0.9-6.el7_2.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh sysstat-10.1.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.i686.rpm

  1. 创建Oracle组和用户帐户

    # groupadd oinstall

    # groupadd dba

    # useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

    # passwd oracle

 

 

  1. 配置内核参数
  2.     修改文件/etc/sysctl.conf，添加以下内容:

    # /etc/sysctl.conf

    # for oracle

    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

    fs.file-max = 6815744

    kernel.shmall = 2097152

    # 官方文档kernel.shmmax = 536870912，实际软件中需要kernel.shmmax = 980742144

    kernel.shmmax = 980742144

    kernel.shmmni = 4096

    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

    net.core.rmem_default = 262144

    net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

    net.core.wmem_default = 262144

    net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

    执行以下命令时参数生效:

    # /sbin/sysctl -p

    注: 内核参数设置可以在安装Oracle时产生的脚本修复。

 

 

  1.     修改文件/etc/security/limits.conf，添加以下内容:

    #vi  /etc/security/limits.conf

    # for oracle

    oracle              soft    nproc   2047

    oracle              hard    nproc   16384

    oracle              soft    nofile  1024

    oracle              hard    nofile  65536

    oracle              soft    stack   10240

  1. 修改/etc/pam.d/login，# vi /etc/pam.d/login,在文本末尾加上：

 

session    required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

session    required pam_limits.so

（以上可批量执行）

 

  1.  编辑Oracle用户环境，编辑.bash_profile文件

    # su - oracle

    $ vi .bash_profile

    编辑.bash_profile文件，添加以下内容

   export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl  #SID注意和自己即将建立的SID对应

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib

export  ORACLE_UNQNAME=$ORACLE_SID

存盘。

    $ source .bash_profile

关闭此终端。

 

  1. 解压

将linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip和linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip粘贴到桌面，再移动到/home/oracle中，解压的文件在/home/oracle/database目录中。进入/home/oracle目录，执行# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip和# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip，解压的文件在/home/oracle/database目录中。解压完成后可删除两个zip文件。

  1. 重启并以oracle用户的身份登录并开始安装

进入/home/oracle/database目录，执行$ ./runInstaller，当检查均通过，会出现oracle安装界面。

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

安装时有出现一个错误:

    Error in invoking target 'agent nmhs' of makefile '/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk'...

    保留安装过程，另外开启一个终端窗口，将ins_emagent.mk文件中的$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)更改为$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11，然后在安装过程中点击Retry即可。

 

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

[[email protected] oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /home/oracle/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

 

Changing groupname of /home/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

 

[[email protected] dbhome_1]# ./root.sh

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

 

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME=  /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

 

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

 

 

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

 

 

 

在虚拟机RHEL 7.3安装Oracle 11g

 

以下参照https://www.cnblogs.com/zzuyczhang/p/5681299.html

  1. 检查
  2. 检查监听状态 [[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl status
  3. 如未启动，则显示：

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-DEC-2018 14:12:20

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dbserver)(PORT=152

  1. 如已启动，则显示：

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-DEC-2018 14:16:12

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dbserver)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                05-DEC-2018 14:15:57

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 15 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/ynosb/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ynosb)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

  1. 停止监听

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl stop

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-DEC-2018 14:18:58

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dbserver)(PORT=1521)))

The command completed successfully

  1. 启动监听

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl start

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-DEC-2018 14:20:16

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Starting /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

 

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /home/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/ynosb/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ynosb)(PORT=1521)))

 

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dbserver)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                05-DEC-2018 14:20:16

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/ynosb/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ynosb)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

  1. 测试oracle监听：
  2. 本机上监听

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Dec 5 14:22:18 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved..

SQL> quit

  1. 网络监听

在本机上执行了lsnrctl start且关闭本机防火墙时（用# systemctl stop firewalld），找一台windows平台电脑，telnet oracle主机IP地址：1521，通的话，会出现一个黑屏，光标一闪一闪。

 

  1. linux下创建oracle用户表空间

 

就是在已有的数据库实例上创建一个新的帐号，访问一些新的表

操作步骤如下：

(1)登录linux，以oracle用户登录（如果是root用户登录的，登录后用 su - oracle命令切换成oracle用户）

(2)以sysdba方式来打开sqlplus，命令如下： sqlplus "/as sysdba"

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus " / as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Dec 5 11:45:42 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

(3)查看我们常规将用户表空间放置位置：

 SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

(4)创建用户表空间：

SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE NOTIFYDB DATAFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/scsdb.dbf' SIZE 200M AUTOEXTEND ON EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;

Tablespace created.

(5)创建用户，指定密码和上边创建的用户表空间

SQL> CREATE USER scs IDENTIFIED BY scs DEFAULT TABLESPACE NOTIFYDB;       

User created.

 (6)赋予权限

SQL> grant connect,resource to scs;

Grant succeeded.

 

SQL> grant unlimited tablespace to scs;

Grant succeeded.

 

SQL> grant create database link to scs;

Grant succeeded.

 

SQL> grant select any sequence,create materialized view to scs;

Grant succeeded.

 

--经过以上操作，我们就可以使用scs/scs登录指定的实例，创建我们自己的表了

 

 

 

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