linux自定义以太网协议_如何压接自己的任意长度的自定义以太网电缆
linux自定义以太网协议
Have you ever needed a short Ethernet cable, but all the ones in your closet are six feet long? You could just wrap up the excess, but for a cleaner look, you can shorten the cable yourself. With the right materials, you can even make your own custom-length network cables.
您是否曾经需要过短的以太网电缆，但您的壁橱中的所有电缆都长六英尺？ 您可以将多余的部分包裹起来，但是为了使外观更整洁，您可以自己缩短电缆的长度。 使用正确的材料，您甚至可以制作自己的自定义长度的网络电缆。
By crimping your own Ethernet cables, you can make them in any length you want. Pre-made Ethernet cables only come in specific lengths, and you may need a size that isn’t available. Again, you can always go longer than you need to, but it’s mostly a waste.
通过压接自己的以太网电缆，您可以按照自己的需要制作任意长度的电缆。 预制的以太网电缆仅具有特定的长度，您可能需要的电缆尺寸不可用。 再说一次，您总可以花费比所需时间更长的时间，但这主要是浪费。
It’s also way cheaper to make your own Ethernet cables than buying them pre-made. For example, you can buy a 1,000-foot spool of Ethernet cable for around $60, give or take a few dollars depending on what kind of cable you get. Tack on another few bucks for a bag of connectors and you end up paying way less than if you were to buy pre-made cables.
这也是便宜的方式 ，使自己的以太网电缆不是购买他们预先制作。 例如，您可以以60美元左右的价格购买1000英尺长的以太网电缆线轴，根据获得的电缆种类，您可以选择付出或付出几美元。 再花几块钱买一袋连接器 ，最终比购买预制电缆要少得多。
For instance, a 25-foot Ethernet cable on Amazon costs $8, which is pretty cheap, but that would cost you $320 for 1,000 feet worth of those cables. The cost goes up even more with 10-foot Ethernet cables, priced at $600 for 1,000 feet worth.
例如，亚马逊上一根25英尺长的以太网电缆的价格为8美元 ，这相当便宜，但如果购买1000英尺长的电缆，则要花费320美元。 如果使用10英尺的以太网电缆 ，则成本会更高，每1000英尺的价格为600美元。
Granted, you may think that you don’t need 1,000 feet of Ethernet cable, but it would last you a very long time, and you probably wouldn’t need to buy an Ethernet cable ever again. In any case, you can get a smaller 250-feet spool of Ethernet cable for just $20 if that seems more feasible.
当然，您可能会认为您不需要1000英尺的以太网电缆，但这将使您使用很长时间，并且可能不再需要购买以太网电缆。 无论如何，如果看起来更可行，您只需花费20美元 ，即可获得较小的250英尺以太网电缆线轴。
你需要什么 (What You’ll Need)
Some of this stuff I linked to above, but here’s an overall list of tools and materials you’ll need, none of which are particularly expensive at all.
我在上面链接了其中的一些东西，但是这里是您需要的工具和材料的总体列表，而这些工具和材料都不是特别昂贵。
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Bulk ethernet cable (make sure it’s bare copper and not copper-clad aluminum)
散装以太网电缆 (确保它是裸铜线，而不是铜包铝线)
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Relief boots (optional, but they help protect the connector)
泄压靴 (可选，但它们有助于保护连接器)
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Wire cutters, wire strippers, or scissors
Got everything? Let’s get started.
有一切吗？ 让我们开始吧。
第一步：测量所需长度 (Step One: Measure the Length You Need)
Grab your Ethernet cable and measure out the length you need from it. If you’re measuring for really long runs and need 60 feet of cable, for instance, I like to measure my arm span first (around five feet), grab some cable, and stretch it out across my chest hand to hand. From there, I can count how many arm spans of cable I need to reach 60 feet.
拿起以太网电缆，并测量出所需的长度。 例如，如果您要进行长期测量并且需要60英尺长的电缆，我想先测量一下手臂的跨度(大约5英尺)，拿起一些电缆，然后将其拉到胸前。 从那里，我可以算出达到60英尺所需的电缆臂长。
Don’t worry about getting the exact length, but if anything, you’ll want a little excess at the end to make up for any discrepancies and mistakes—you can always cut away the excess and make another Ethernet cable out of it in the future.
不必担心获得确切的长度，但是，如果有的话，您将希望最后增加一点多余的部分来弥补任何差异和错误-您始终可以将多余的部分剪掉，并在其中使用另一根以太网电缆。未来。
When you get the length you need, simply cut the cable with your wire cutters or scissors.
当您获得所需的长度时，只需用剪钳或剪刀剪断电缆即可。
After you cut it, now is the time to slide on a relief boot before you start messing with the wires and installing the connector, because you won’t be able to slide it on once you install the connector.
切割完之后，现在是时候在释放套管上滑动，然后再弄乱电线并安装连接器，因为一旦安装连接器，就无法将其滑动。
第二步：脱掉外套 (Step Two: Strip the Outer Jacket Off)
Take your crimping tool and use it to strip off around 2-3 inches of the outer jacket from each end of the cable. The crimping tool will have a section with a razor blade and enough clearance to cut through the jacket but not the wires on the inside. Place the cable in this slot, gently squeeze the crimping tool, and rotate it to cut all the way around the jacket.
拿起压接工具，用它从电缆的两端剥去大约2-3英寸的外套。 压接工具将具有一个带有剃须刀的部分，并具有足够的间隙以切穿护套，但不能切穿内部的电线。 将电缆放在该插槽中，轻轻挤压压接工具，然后旋转它以完全切割护套。
After that, you can pull off the jacket to expose the smaller wires inside.
之后，您可以脱下外套以露出较小的电线。
You also might notice a set of very thin hair-like strands. This gives the cable some added strength when you’re pulling on it so that the inside wires don’t receive all of the stress. But the main reason those strands are there is so that you can pull them down to cut away even more of the outer jacket.
您可能还会注意到一组非常细的头发状线。 当您拉动电缆时，这会增加电缆的强度，以使内部电线不会承受所有压力。 但是这些线束存在的主要原因是，您可以将其拉下以切掉更多的外套。
Why do this, though? Because when you use your crimping tool to cut away the outer jacket, there’s always the chance that you’ll nick the inside wires ever so slightly. By pulling on the fiber strands to cut away more of the outer jacket and then cutting the inside wires just below where the possible nick might be, you eliminate any and all risk of a cable malfunction.
但是为什么要这样做呢？ 因为当您使用压接工具切掉外套时，总是很可能会轻微地切开内部电线。 通过拉动光纤束以切掉更多的外套，然后在可能出现缺口的位置切下内部导线，就可以消除电缆故障的所有风险。
You don’t need to do this if you’re careful enough with the crimping tool, but it’s an added precaution that you can take if you want.
如果您对压接工具足够小心，则无需执行此操作，但这是您可以采取的附加预防措施。
第三步：松开并分开所有电线 (Step Three: Untwist and Separate All the Wires)
Once you expose the inner wires, you’ll notice that there are four pairs of wires twisted together, resulting in eight wires total. These pairs come in different colors, with one being a solid color and the other being a white wire with a stripe matching the solid color.
露出内部电线后，您会发现有四对电线绞合在一起，因此总共有八根电线。 这些线对有不同的颜色，一种是纯色，另一种是白线，其条纹与纯色匹配。
Untwist all four pairs so that you have eight separate wires. It’s also a good idea to flatten out the wires the best you can, since they’ll still be a bit wavy after untwisting them.
松开所有四对绞线，以便有八根独立的导线。 尽量压扁电线也是个好主意，因为在松开电线后它们仍然会有点波浪。
第四步：按正确的顺序放置电线并准备压接 (Step Four: Put the Wires in the Correct Order and Prep Them for Crimping)
Next, we’ll need to arrange the eight wires in a specific order, and this is where things can take a bit of practice.
接下来，我们需要按特定顺序排列八根导线，这是需要一些练习的地方。
Technically, you can have the wires in any order you want as long as both ends are wired the same. However, Ethernet cables have standards for the sequence of the wiring, known as T-568A and T-568B. The only difference between the two is that the orange and green pairs of wires are switched. But why are there two different standards in the first place?
从技术上讲，只要两端的接线相同，就可以按照任意顺序进行接线。 但是，以太网电缆具有接线顺序的标准，称为T-568A和T-568B。 两者之间的唯一区别是橙色和绿色电线对已切换。 但是为什么首先要有两个不同的标准？
It’s mostly so that crossover Ethernet cables can exist. Crossover cables are used to directly network two machines together without the need for a router. One end of the cable uses T-568A and the other end uses T-568B. However, for any other normal Ethernet cable, both ends will have the same wiring sequence.
主要是为了使交叉以太网电缆可以存在。 交叉电缆用于将两台计算机直接联网在一起，而无需路由器。 电缆的一端使用T-568A，另一端使用T-568B。 但是，对于任何其他普通以太网电缆，两端将具有相同的接线顺序。
As for which one to use when making your own Ethernet cables, it doesn’t really matter. T-568B is fairly common in the US because it’s compatible with older telephone gear and you can plug in a phone line to an Ethernet jack that uses T-568B. Most pre-made Ethernet cables you buy (including the ones linked to above) use T-568B.
至于在制作自己的以太网电缆时使用哪一根电缆，实际上并不重要。 T-568B在美国相当普遍，因为它与较旧的电话设备兼容，您可以将电话线插入使用T-568B的以太网插Kong。 您购买的大多数预制以太网电缆(包括上面链接的电缆)都使用T-568B。
However, T-568A is becoming more popular and recommended. Plus, it’s more common throughout the rest of the world (and phone lines are on their way out anyway). So with that said, we’ll be using T-568A for this guide.
但是，T-568A变得越来越受欢迎和推荐。 另外，它在世界其他地方也很普遍(无论如何电话线都在使用中)。 因此，我们将在本指南中使用T-568A。
Let’s put our eight wires in order and get them ready for crimping. Follow the chart above and put the wires in order according to the T-568A chart. As you do so, lay the wires across the side of your index finger and squeeze them down with your thumb to hold them in place.
让我们按顺序排列八根电线，使其准备压接。 遵循上表，并根据T-568A图表整理电线。 在执行此操作时，将导线跨过食指的一侧，然后用拇指将其向下挤压以将其固定到位。
Once you have the wires in order, join them closer together and then begin to work the wires back and forth to stiffen them. Keep a tight grip on the wires during this process.
整理好导线后，将它们紧密连接在一起，然后开始来回加工导线以加固它们。 在此过程中，请紧紧抓住电线。
Eventually, you should be able to lighten your grip on the wires and they should mostly stay in order without wanting to veer off in different directions. This process should only take about 30 seconds or so.
最终，您应该能够减轻对电线的握持，并且大多数时候电线应该保持秩序，而又不希望转向不同的方向。 此过程只需要大约30秒左右。
Next, grab your scissors and cut off the excess wiring so that only about a half-inch remains between the end and where the outer jacket begins. The goal is to have the wires short enough so that you can squeeze the outer jacket into the connector, crimping the connector over the jacket to make a secure connection (more on that later). You’ll get a better feel for this after you’ve practiced a few times.
接下来，用剪刀剪掉多余的电线，使末端和外套开始之间仅留半英寸。 目的是使电线足够短，以便您可以将外部护套挤压到连接器中，将连接器压接在护套上以形成牢固的连接(稍后再介绍)。 练习几次后，您会对此感觉更好。
第五步：滑动连接器并将其压接 (Step Five: Slide the Connector On and Crimp It)
Grab your Ethernet plug connector and with the clip part facing away from you and the green wires facing the floor (or the ceiling, depending on orientation), slide the wires inside, making sure that each wire goes into its own slot. As you do this, look closely and make sure that none of the wires have jumped out of order. If so, take the connector off, fix the wires, and reattempt.
抓住以太网插头连接器，使夹子部分背离您，并使绿色电线面向地板(或天花板，取决于方向)，将电线滑入内部，确保每根电线都进入其各自的插槽。 执行此操作时，请仔细查看并确保所有电线均未跳出故障。 如果是这样，请断开连接器，固定电线，然后重新尝试。
Push the cable all the way in until all eight wires are touching the end of the connector. You may have to wiggle it a bit and provide a little force to push the connector all the way on.
将电缆完全推入，直到所有八根电线都接触到连接器的末端。 您可能需要稍微扭动一下，并提供一点力才能将连接器完全推入。
Next, grab your crimping tool and slide the connector in the crimping slot as far as it will go. It’ll only go in one way, so if it doesn’t go in all the way on one side, just turn the tool around and reinsert the connector. The entire connector should fit inside of the crimping tool.
接下来，握住压接工具，然后将连接器在压接槽中滑到最远。 它只会以一种方式移动，因此，如果不能完全以一侧的方式移动，只需旋转工具并重新插入连接器即可。 整个连接器应适合压接工具的内部。
Once the connector is all the way in, squeeze down on the tool to crimp the connector. Squeeze down relatively hard, but not with all your strength. Again, you’ll get a better feel for this the more you practice.
连接器完全插入后，向下压工具以压接连接器。 相对困难地挤压，但不尽力而为。 同样，练习得越多，您就会对此感觉更好。
Once that’s done, remove the cable from the tool and inspect the entire connection to make sure it’s all good. If done properly, the pointy crimp toward the back of the connector should be squeezing down on the outer jacket of the cable and not on the smaller wires. If not, then you didn’t cut off enough excess from the smaller wires.
完成后，从工具上拔下电缆并检查整个连接，以确保一切正常。 如果操作正确，应朝着连接器背面的尖头压接向下压住电缆的外套，而不要压在较小的电线上。 如果没有，那么您没有从较小的电线上切除足够的多余部分。
Next, slide the relief boot over the connector (if you’re using them) and then bask in the glory of your very-own Ethernet cable. Just make sure to put together the other end!
接下来，将释放套管滑过连接器(如果正在使用它们)，然后沐浴在自己的以太网电缆的光彩中。 只要确保将另一端放在一起即可！
Ethernet cables can be as long or short as you want, but be aware that Ethernet has a physical limit of 300 feet. So be sure to keep them under that length, which shouldn’t be a problem for the most part.
以太网电缆的长度可以任意长，但请注意，以太网的物理极限为300英尺。 因此，请确保将其保持在该长度内，这在大多数情况下都不是问题。
Image Credit: Elektroda
图片来源： Elektroda
翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/60486/how-to-make-your-own-custom-length-network-cables/
linux自定义以太网协议