HttpClient方式测试本地写好的接口（springboot方式）
1、首先确定好ip、端口号、是否在application-dev.yml中添加项目命名、以及确定接口路径
2、建立HttpClient工具类，代码如下，若是无参，可以传个空参过去即可
注：需要在pom.xml中引入以下jar包
<!-- 引入httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 使用StringUtils，作为判断 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.70</version>
</dependency>
package com.example.saledemo.utils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
/**
* 基于 httpclient 4.5版本的 http工具类
*
* @author 刘磊
*
*/
public class HttpClientTool {
private static final CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
// 采用静态代码块，初始化超时时间配置，再根据配置生成默认httpClient对象
static {
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(60000).setSocketTimeout(15000).build();
httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();
}
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return doGet(url, params, CHARSET);
}
public static String doGetSSL(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return doGetSSL(url, params, CHARSET);
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException {
return doPost(url, params, CHARSET);
}
/**
* HTTP Get 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
*/
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url)) {
return null;
}
try {
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), value));
}
}
// 将请求参数和url进行拼接
url += "?" + EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset));
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpGet.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* HTTP Post 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset)
throws IOException {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url)) {
return null;
}
List<NameValuePair> pairs = null;
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), value));
}
}
}
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0) {
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET));
}
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpPost.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
return result;
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (response != null)
response.close();
}
return null;
}
/**
* HTTPS Get 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
*/
public static String doGetSSL(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url)) {
return null;
}
try {
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), value));
}
}
url += "?" + EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset));
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
// https 注意这里获取https内容，使用了忽略证书的方式，当然还有其他的方式来获取https内容
CloseableHttpClient httpsClient = HttpClientTool.createSSLClientDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpsClient.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpGet.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 这里创建了忽略整数验证的CloseableHttpClient对象
* @return
*/
public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault() {
try {
SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
// 信任所有
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);
return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return HttpClients.createDefault();
}
}
3、新建一个测试类
package com.example.saledemo.https;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.example.saledemo.utils.HttpClientTool;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpMonthSale {
// main方法测试接口
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 需要传的参数
Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<>();
// 访问的url接口地址，ip：端口号/springboot中指定的项目名/接口路径
String url = "http://localhost:8085/monthticketsale/monthSaleAmount/querySalegoods";
// 获取返回的json字符串
String result = HttpClientTool.doGet(url,params);
// System.out.println("result="+result);
// 将json字符串转成json数组
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.parseArray(result);
// System.out.println(jsonArray);
}
}
4、写完后，启动idea，将接口项目启动起来，不然在启动main方法时，无法调用（这里一个是接口方项目，另一个是main方法，有先后顺序）
① 先启动接口项目
② 双击main方法，然后run启动main方法项目
5、观察控制台，接口方查询到的数据已经显示在控制台。
idea方式如图：
6、当然，我们往往都是将项目打包成war包的形式或者jar包的形式，通过tomcat（war方式），或者命令行方式（cmd->jar方式），发布到服务器中。和idea不同，idea是在自身编辑器的application-dev.yml这样的文件配置中进行配置的。也就是:
ip+端口号+项目设置的名字+接口--------来进行访问。
若配置中没设置项目命名，那么直接:ip+端口号+接口即可，不需要加项目名。（idea两种方式）
而打包前可以在pom.xml中的build中进行设置，起个名字。如图（tomcat两种方式）
注：<finalName>包名<finalName>，那么起好，clean-package之后，在项目的target文件夹下就会多出一个monthticketsale.war的包。将其复制到tomcat-webapps下，然后到bin目录下双击startup.bat，启动tomcat。完成后到网页输入：
ip+端口号+<finalName>对应的名字+接口即可访问。也就是：http://localhost:8080/monthticketsale/monthSaleAmount/querySalegoods
另一种方式：
在打包的时候不设置名字，那么就会默认artifactId+version的拼接：
ip+端口号+artifactId+version+接口即可访问。也就是：
http://localhost:8080/saledemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/monthSaleAmount/querySalegoods