RHEL6基础三十九之服务器硬件信息查看
CPU信息：
CPU型号：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep name|awk -F ':' '{print $2}'|uniq -c 8 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5650 @ 2.67GHz [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep name|cut -d ':' -f 2|uniq -c 8 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5650 @ 2.67GHz [[email protected] ~]#
查看逻辑CPU的个数
[[email protected] logs]# cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l 8 [[email protected] logs]#
查看每个物理CPU中core的个数(即核数)
[[email protected] logs]# cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "cpu cores"| uniq cpu cores : 4 [[email protected] logs]#
物理CPU个数：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep physical|sort|uniq -c 8 address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual 4 physical id : 0 4 physical id : 1 [[email protected] ~]#
2个4核CPU
总核数 = 物理CPU个数 X 每颗物理CPU的核数
总逻辑CPU数 = 物理CPU个数 X 每颗物理CPU的核数 X 超线程数
运行位数：
[[email protected] ~]# getconf LONG_BIT 64 [[email protected] ~]#
当前CPU工作在64位模式下（即操作系统是64位的），如果显示的是32并不表示CPU一定是32位的（64位的也可以当32位的来用），要查看cpu是否支持64bit，方法如下：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep flags|grep "lm"|wc -l 8 [[email protected] ~]#
如果flags中有lm，则表示支持64位，lm的意思是long mode
即如结果大于0, 说明支持64bit处理模式，64位的CPU必须运行在64位的操作系统下，才能实现64位的运算模式。
服务器型号查询：
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# dmidecode |grep -i "product name" Product Name: PowerEdge R620 Product Name: 0D2D5F [[email protected] ~]# dmidecode |grep "System Information" -A9|egrep "Manufacturer|Product|Serial" Manufacturer: Dell Inc. Product Name: PowerEdge R620 Serial Number: HS2CKZ1 [[email protected] ~]#
查看主板型号
[[email protected] ~]# dmidecode |grep -A16 "System Information$" System Information Manufacturer: Dell Inc. Product Name: PowerEdge R620 Version: Not Specified Serial Number: HS2CKZ1 UUID: 4C4C4544-0053-3210-8043-C8C04F4B5A31 Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: SKU=NotProvided;ModelName=PowerEdge R620 Family: Not Specified Handle 0x0200, DMI type 2, 9 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: Dell Inc. Product Name: 0D2D5F Version: A06 Serial Number: ..CN7475139L0119. Asset Tag: Not Specified [[email protected] ~]#
查看BIOS信息
[[email protected] ~]# dmidecode -t bios # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: Dell Inc. Version: 2.0.19 Release Date: 08/29/2013 Address: 0xF0000 Runtime Size: 64 kB ROM Size: 8192 kB Characteristics: ISA is supported PCI is supported PNP is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported EDD is supported Japanese floppy for Toshiba 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h) 5.25"/360 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) Serial services are supported (int 14h) CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported BIOS boot specification is supported Function key-initiated network boot is supported Targeted content distribution is supported UEFI is supported BIOS Revision: 2.0 Handle 0x0D00, DMI type 13, 22 bytes BIOS Language Information Language Description Format: Long Installable Languages: 1 en|US|iso8859-1 Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1 [[email protected] ~]#
查看linux主机是否虚拟机还是物理机：
[[email protected]_Forward ~]# lspci -b|grep -i vmware 00:07.7 System peripheral: VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface (rev 10) 00:0f.0 VGA compatible controller: VMware SVGA II Adapter 00:11.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI bridge (rev 02) 00:15.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01) [[email protected]_Forward ~]# dmidecode |grep -i vmware Manufacturer: VMware, Inc. Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform Serial Number: VMware-42 0b 96 a0 da dd 91 17-d8 3d 89 e8 56 f4 5e c1 Description: VMware SVGA II [[email protected]_Forward ~]#
lspci:显示外围设备总线/总览。dmidecode：桌面管理接口。
内存信息：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/meminfo |grep -i mem MemTotal: 8061068 kB MemFree: 7136744 kB Shmem: 388 kB [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/meminfo |grep Swap SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097144 kB SwapFree: 2097144 kB [[email protected] ~]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 7872 1069 6802 0 56 376 -/+ buffers/cache: 637 7234 Swap: 2047 0 2047 [[email protected] ~]# dmidecode -t memory | more # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x1000, DMI type 16, 23 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC Maximum Capacity: 1536 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 24 Handle 0x1100, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x1000 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 8192 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: 1 Locator: DIMM_A1 Bank Locator: Not Specified Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Registered (Buffered) Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: 02FE00B302FE Serial Number: 2B11D8D9 Asset Tag: 4A122863 Part Number: EBJ81RF4ECFA-DJ-F Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz [[email protected] ~]# dmidecode|grep -P 'Maximum\s+Capacity' 最大支持多少内存 Maximum Capacity: 1536 GB [[email protected] ~]# dmidecode |grep -A5 -i "memory device"|grep -i size|grep -v range 查看内存的插槽数,已经使用多少插槽.每条内存多大： Size: 8192 MB Size: 8192 MB Size: 8192 MB Size: 8192 MB Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: 8192 MB Size: 8192 MB Size: 8192 MB Size: 8192 MB Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed [[email protected] ~]# dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep 'Speed' 内存的频率 Speed: 1333 MHz Speed: 1600 MHz Speed: 1600 MHz Speed: 1600 MHz Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: 1333 MHz Speed: 1600 MHz Speed: 1600 MHz Speed: 1600 MHz Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown [[email protected] ~]#
从上图中可看到当前系统内存总大小为7872（单位是k）已经使用1069，剩余6802。其实真正剩余并不是这个6802，而是第二行的7234，真正使用的也是第二行的637。这是因为系统初始化时，就已经分配出很大一部分内存给缓存，这部分缓存用来随时提供给程序使用，如果程序不用，那这部分内存就空闲。所以，查看内存使用多少，剩余多少请看第二行的数据。另外你还可以加-m 或者-g选项分别以M或G为单位打印内存使用状况。
硬盘信息：
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0000e824 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 13 274 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 274 2089 14576640 83 Linux [[email protected] ~]# df -T Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 ext4 10321208 4635280 5161640 48% / tmpfs tmpfs 515396 0 515396 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 198337 26679 161418 15% /boot /dev/sda5 ext4 8053168 149244 7494836 2% /home /dev/sdb5 ext3 505572 10543 468927 3% /newdisk [[email protected] ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 ext4 9.9G 4.5G 5.0G 48% / tmpfs tmpfs 504M 0 504M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 194M 27M 158M 15% /boot /dev/sda5 ext4 7.7G 146M 7.2G 2% /home /dev/sdb5 ext3 494M 11M 458M 3% /newdisk [[email protected] ~]#
测试硬盘写入速度：
[[email protected] ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output.img bs=1M count=256 256+0 records in 256+0 records out 268435456 bytes (268 MB) copied, 8.56778 s, 31.3 MB/s [[email protected] ~]#
测试硬盘读取速度：
[[email protected] ~]# hdparm -Tt /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 6652 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3327.09 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 80 MB in 3.05 seconds = 26.26 MB/sec [[email protected] ~]#
获取文本的md5 hash：
[[email protected] ~]# echo -n "justin"|md5sum 53dd9c6005f3cdfc5a69c5c07388016d - [[email protected] ~]#
Swap分区信息：
[[email protected] ~]# swapon -s Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/sda2 partition 2097144 0 -1 [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/swaps Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/sda2 partition 2097144 0 -1 [[email protected] ~]#
UUID:
[[email protected] ~]# blkid /dev/sda3: UUID="eee214fe-4b64-44b6-8b3c-ed0f8e63e32a" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda1: UUID="fc233792-7e59-487c-8359-a464b7b66097" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda2: UUID="680ec16a-b4e9-4dc8-8bee-aaf45587e173" TYPE="swap" [[email protected] ~]# ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 6 09:48 680ec16a-b4e9-4dc8-8bee-aaf45587e173 -> ../../sda2 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 6 09:48 eee214fe-4b64-44b6-8b3c-ed0f8e63e32a -> ../../sda3 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 6 09:48 fc233792-7e59-487c-8359-a464b7b66097 -> ../../sda1
补：查看某一文件（夹）大小
[[email protected] src]# du -sh nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz 2.0M nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz [[email protected] src]#
查看当前系统安装的软件包数量
[[email protected] home]# cat -n /root/install.log|wc -l 1099 [[email protected] home]#
网卡信息：
[[email protected] ~]# dmesg |grep -i eth e1000 0000:02:00.0: eth0: (PCI:66MHz:32-bit) 00:50:56:be:47:3b e1000 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection e1000 0000:02:02.0: eth1: (PCI:66MHz:32-bit) 00:50:56:96:37:60 e1000 0000:02:02.0: eth1: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection e1000: eth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready e1000: eth1 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None eth0: no IPv6 routers present eth1: no IPv6 routers present [[email protected] ~]#
判断网卡速率
ethtool ethx 查看支持的速率
网卡的最大速率可以看Speed: 1000Mb/s，Duple:Full 全双工；实际网卡速率和网线，交换机端口速率有关，Auto-negotiation on表示开启自动协商，插上网线后会两端会自动协商一个都支持的速率
Link detected yes 表示网卡插好网线了（亮了），插好网线**网卡（ifup ethx, 其实是二层up）才会yes
查看网卡驱动 ethtool -i ethx
[[email protected] ~]# ethtool -i ens33 driver: e1000 version: 7.3.21-k8-NAPI firmware-version: expansion-rom-version: bus-info: 0000:02:01.0 supports-statistics: yes supports-test: yes supports-eeprom-access: yes supports-register-dump: yes supports-priv-flags: no [[email protected] ~]# lspci -vv | grep Eth 查看网卡型号 02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01) [[email protected] ~]# lspci | grep Eth 查看网卡型号 02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01) [[email protected] ~]#
机器型号：
[[email protected] ~]# dmidecode |grep -i "product name" Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform Product Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform [[email protected] ~]#
内核信息：
[[email protected] ~]# uname -r 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 [[email protected] ~]# uname -a Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [[email protected] ~]# uname -i x86_64 [[email protected] ~]#
系统版本信息：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) Kernel \r on an \m [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/*release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/*release|sort|uniq -c 2 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-4.0-ia32:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-ia32:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-ia32:printing-4.0-noarch Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) Release: 6.3 Codename: Santiago [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Wed Jun 13 18:23:32 EDT 2012 [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# rpm -q centos-release package centos-release is not installed [[email protected] ~]#
系统支持的文件系统类型：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/filesystems ext4 ext3 ext2 nodev proc nodev devpts iso9660 vfat hfs hfsplus [[email protected] ~]#
内核模块信息
显示已加载的模块
[[email protected]_Forward ~]# lsmod [[email protected]_Forward ~]# lsmod |grep bridge
加载RAID1阵列级别模块
[[email protected]_Forward ~]# modprobe raid1
删除RAID1阵列级别模块
[[email protected]_Forward ~]# modprobe -r raid1
modprobe命令在加载模块时会自动解决依赖的模块。当加载的模块需依赖另一个模块时，系统会自动将此模块加载。而当用户使用insmod命令加载模块时，则不会自动解决相对应的依赖模块。modprobe命令中的"-r"参数表示删除指定模块，"-c"参数表示显示/etc/modprobe.conf配置文件的参数，"-C"参数表示指定内核配置文件，"-f"表示覆盖，"-l"表示显示模块的绝对路径。
查看系统安装时间
[[email protected] webserver]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 280G 115G 151G 44% / tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 194M 27M 158M 15% /boot /dev/sr0 iso9660 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /mnt /dev/sr0 iso9660 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media [[email protected] webserver]# tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 | grep create Filesystem created: Thu May 14 17:24:48 2015 [[email protected] webserver]# passwd -S zabbix zabbix LK 2015-07-15 0 99999 7 -1 (Password locked.) You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [[email protected] webserver]#
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/ityunwei2017/1337502