Mysql5.5(一主多从配置)
1)实验拓扑信息
mysql版本:5.5.32(基于源代码安装)
系统版本:CentOS6.7
10.10.10.129: mysql的主服务器
10.10.10.130: mysql的从服务器
目的:
本地主从:
10.10.10.129 3306 --> 10.10.10.10.129 3307
异地主从:
10.10.10.129 3306 --> 10.10.10.10.130 3306
2)主库上的配置
a、准备mysql的测试环境
先准备好mysql多实例环境,之前我已经写过博客,这里就不重复了,可以参考http://molewan.blog.51cto.com/287340/1860198
b、在主库(10.10.10.129)上开启binlog记录功能
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# grep server-id /data/3306/my.cnf server- id = 1
# grep server-id /data/3307/my.cnf server- id = 3
# grep log-bin /data/3306/my.cnf log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
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登陆数据库进行查看:
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# mysql -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 mysql> show variables like 'log_bin' ;
+---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | log_bin | ON | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
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c、建立用于主从复制的账号
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# mysql -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep' @ '10.10.10.%' identified by 'redhat12345' ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+------------+ | user | host | +------+------------+ | wan | % | | rep | 10.10.10.% | | wan | 10.10.10.% | | root | 127.0.0.1 | | root | ::1 | | | C67-X64-A8 | | root | C67-X64-A8 | | | localhost | | root | localhost | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user where user= 'rep' ;
+------+------------+ | user | host | +------+------------+ | rep | 10.10.10.% | +------+------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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d、实现对主数据库锁表只读(当前窗口不要关闭)
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mysql> flush table with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 重新打开一个窗口,锁表后查看主库状态: # mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 337 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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e、使用mysqldump进行数据库备份:
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# mysqldump -uroot -p'redhat12345' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock --events -A -B |gzip >/mysqlback/mysql_bak.$(date +%F).sql.gz # echo $? 0 # ls -l /mysqlback/ 总用量 144 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 144402 10月 9 02:54 mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # du -sh /mysqlback/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz 144K /mysqlback/mysql_bak .2016-10-09.sql.gz
为了确保导出数据期间,数据库没有数据插入,导库完毕可以再次检查主库状态信息 # mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 -e "show master status" +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 337 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ |
f、导出数据完毕后,解锁主库,恢复可写
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mysql> unlock tables; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) |
3)从库上的配置
a、10.10.10.129 3307数据库上的配置
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# cd /mysqlback/ # ls mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # gzip -d mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # ls mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql # mysql -uroot -p'redhat12345' -S /data/3307/mysql.sock </mysqlback/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql # echo $? 0 # mysql -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -p'redhat12345'<<EOF change master to master_host= '10.10.10.129' ,
master_port=3306, master_user= 'rep' ,
master_password= 'redhat12345' ,
master_log_file= 'mysql-bin.000004' ,
master_log_pos=337; EOF mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.10.10.129
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 337
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 337
Relay_Log_Space: 403
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified |
主从复制是否成功,最关键的为下面的3项状态参数:
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# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|egrep "IO_Running|SQL_Running|_Behind_Master" Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
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b、10.10.10.130 3306数据库上的配置
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# mkdir -p /mysqlback/ # scp /mysqlbackup/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz 10.10.10.130:/mysqlback # gzip -d mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # ls mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql # mysql -uroot -p'redhat12345' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock </mysqlback/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql # echo $? 0 # mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -p'redhat12345'<<EOF change master to master_host= '10.10.10.129' ,
master_port=3306, master_user= 'rep' ,
master_password= 'redhat12345' ,
master_log_file= 'mysql-bin.000004' ,
master_log_pos=337; EOF mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.10.10.129
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 337
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 337
Relay_Log_Space: 403
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified |
在10.10.10.130服务器上检查
主从复制是否成功,最关键的为下面的3项状态参数:
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# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|egrep "IO_Running|SQL_Running|_Behind_Master" Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
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4)mysql主从同步测试
在10.10.10.129上查看数据库:
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[[email protected] ~] # mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
+--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh410 | +--------------------+ [[email protected] ~] # mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
+--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh410 | +--------------------+ |
在10.10.10.130上查看数据库:
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[[email protected] mysqlbackup] # mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
+--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh410 | +--------------------+ |
通过对比,可以发现,数据库完全一致,然后我们在主库上新建一个blog的数据库
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[[email protected] mysqlback] # mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
+--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | blog | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh410 | +--------------------+ [[email protected] mysqlbackup] # mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
+--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | blog | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh410 | +--------------------+ 主从同步到此完成 |
5)注意事项
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1)master与slave中的server- id 要保持唯一
2)备份导出前要使用“flush table with read lock;”让数据库锁表只读,并且这个窗口不要关闭
3)slave上要start slave;接收信息 4)master与slave时间要保持一致
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本文转自 冰冻vs西瓜 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/molewan/1860649,如需转载请自行联系原作者