linux学习第一天———centos6基础环境配置
环境:centos6.6
参考链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/liaoyuanyang/p/6746542.html
清空防火墙规则
[[email protected] ~]# iptables -F
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables save
iptables:将防火墙规则保存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables: [确定]
关闭防火墙开启自启
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig iptables off
关闭selinux
查看selinux状态
[[email protected] ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
彻底关闭selinux
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
7 SELINUX=disabled
重启生效
[[email protected] ~]# reboot
临时关闭防火墙
[[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0
配置好静态ip
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:B8:EE:38
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=e473eca1-519d-4064-a829-95d7c53d67c0
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.188.139 #ip地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.188.1 #网关
DNS1=8.8.8.8
~
重启生效
[[email protected] ~]# service network restart
正在关闭接口 eth0: [确定]
关闭环回接口: [确定]
弹出环回接口: [确定]
弹出界面 eth0: Determining if ip address 192.168.188.139 is already in use for device eth
0... [确定]
查看ip地址
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:B8:EE:38
inet addr:192.168.188.139 Bcast:192.168.188.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feb8:ee38/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1338 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:648 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:117411 (114.6 KiB) TX bytes:83125 (81.1 KiB)
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
配置地址映射关系
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.188.139 xiaomao6.cn xiaomao6
~
修改主机名:
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=xiaomao6
~
查看主机名修改情况
[[email protected] ~]# hostname
xiaomao6
yum源
一、Yum简介
1、Yum(全称为 Yellow dog Updater, Modified)是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及CentOS中的Shell前端软件包管理器。
2、基于RPM包管理,能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装,可以自动处理依赖性关系,并且一次安装所有依赖的软件包,无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。
3、本地Yum源的作用是你可以在不联网的情况下,就可以安装Linux需要的所有rpm包(可以理解为离线安装模式)
配置本地yum源
1、右击虚拟机——进入“虚拟机设置”——点击“CD/DVD(IDE)”——点击“浏览”——选中安装时的镜像——勾选上“已连接”——确定
永久挂载光盘
[[email protected] ~]# echo "/dev/sr0 /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0 " >> /etc/fstab
[[email protected] ~]# mount -a
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_xiaomao6-lv_root
18G 937M 16G 6% /
tmpfs 499M 0 499M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 28M 425M 6% /boot
/dev/sr0 4.4G 4.4G 0 100% /mnt
配置本地yum源
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vim rhel6.repo
[rhel6-source]
name=rhel6-source
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
清空yum缓存
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
重新生成缓存列表
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum list
安装网络yum
以阿里源为例子
安装下载工具wget
[[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh wget-1.12-5.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: wget-1.12-5.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:wget ########################################### [100%]
下载网络源(要能连外网)
[[email protected] Packages]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Cen
tos-6.repo
重新生成缓存
重新生成缓存列表
[[email protected] ]# yum makecache