《JSP》JSP学习（一）——以虚拟机为平台发布、访问JSP网页

一、在虚拟机上安装Tomcat服务器

Tomcat下载地址：Tomcat
将.zip文件解压到制定文件夹内
双击进入解压后的文件夹，在bin 文件夹内“以管理员身份运行”startuo.bat
注：安装Tomcat前需要提前在虚拟机上安装好JDK。
Tomcat安装完成后，通过虚拟机上的浏览器查看Tomcat是否安装成功，在浏览器地址栏上输入localhost:8080，跳转至以下界面则证明Tomcat安装成功

二、创建JSP文件

创建Web项目
1.1 添加Tomcat服务器：点击“窗口” ⟶ 点击“首选项” ⟶ 展开“Serve” 菜单，选中“Runtime Environments”，点击“Add”添加服务器。

1.2 创建项目：点击“文件” ⟶ 选中“新建” ⟶ 点击“其他” ⟶ 展开“Web” 菜单，选中“Dynamic Web Project” 填写向导窗口中的内容，其中“Target runtime”选择第一步中所添加的Tomcat服务器，在向导的最后一步中勾选“Generate web.xml deployment descriptor”，完成创建。
创建JSP文件：选中JSP项目，右键 ⟶ 选中“新建” ⟶ 点击“JSP File” 填写向导窗口中的内容，完成创建。

三、JSP网页编写

编写JSP网页：博主编写的是一个“JSP登陆页面”，分为登陆页面login.jsp 和主页面welcome.jsp。

login.jsp：

<span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-java"><code class="language-java"><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span>@ page language<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"java"</span> contentType<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span>
    pageEncoding<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"utf-8"</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span>DOCTYPE html PUBLIC <span style="color:#669900">"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"</span> <span style="color:#669900">"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>

<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>html<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>head<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>meta http<span style="color:#669900">-</span>equiv<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"Content-Type"</span> content<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>title<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>JSP登录<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>title<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>head<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>body bgcolor<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"#f0ffff"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>form method<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"POST"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span> 
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>h1 align<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"center"</span> id<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"biaotoucolor"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>请登录<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>h1<span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span><span style="color:#669900">--</span>添加页面标题<span style="color:#669900">--</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>table align<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"center"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>tr<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>td<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>账户<span style="color:#669900">:</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>td<span style="color:#669900">></span> 
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>td<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span>input type<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"text"</span> name<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"Name"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>td<span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span><span style="color:#669900">--</span> 添加“账户”输入框 <span style="color:#669900">--</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>tr<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>tr<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>td<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>密码<span style="color:#669900">:</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>td<span style="color:#669900">></span> 
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>td<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span>input type<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"text"</span> name<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"Password"</span> <span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>td<span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span><span style="color:#669900">--</span>添加“密码”输入框<span style="color:#669900">--</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>tr<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>table<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>table align<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"center"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span> 
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>tr<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900">&</span>nbsp<span style="color:#999999">;</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>tr<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>tr<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900">&</span>nbsp<span style="color:#999999">;</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>tr<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>tr<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900">&</span>nbsp<span style="color:#999999">;</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>tr<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>tr<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900">&</span>nbsp<span style="color:#999999">;</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>tr<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>td<span style="color:#999999">></span></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span>input type<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"submit"</span> value<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"登录"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>td<span style="color:#669900">></span> <span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span><span style="color:#669900">--</span>添加“登录”按钮<span style="color:#669900">--</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>table<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>form<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span>
   <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>request<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">getParameter</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Name"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">!=</span> null
       <span style="color:#669900">&&</span> request<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">getParameter</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Password"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">!=</span> null<span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
     String Name <span style="color:#669900">=</span> request<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">getParameter</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Name"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span><span style="color:#5c6370">//获取JSP登录界面数据</span>
     String Password <span style="color:#669900">=</span> request<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">getParameter</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Password"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
     <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>Name<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">equals</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Administrator"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">&&</span> Password<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">equals</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"yga"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#5c6370">//设置账户和密码</span>
       session<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">setAttribute</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Login"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"OK"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
       session<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">setAttribute</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"myCount"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> Integer<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
       response<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">sendRedirect</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"welcome.jsp"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span><span style="color:#669900">--</span>跳转至“主页面”<span style="color:#669900">--</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
     <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
     <span style="color:#c678dd">else</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
       <span style="color:#669900">%</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
       登录失败<span style="color:#669900">:</span>用户名或密码不正确
       <span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span>
     <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
   <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
<span style="color:#669900">%</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>body<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>html<span style="color:#669900">></span>
</code></code></span>

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welcome.jsp：

<span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-java"><code class="language-java"><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span>@ page language<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"java"</span> contentType<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span>
    pageEncoding<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"utf-8"</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span>DOCTYPE html PUBLIC <span style="color:#669900">"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"</span> <span style="color:#669900">"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>

<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>html<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>head<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>meta http<span style="color:#669900">-</span>equiv<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"Content-Type"</span> content<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#61aeee"><span style="color:#999999"><</span>title<span style="color:#999999">></span></span>Tomcat<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>title<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>head<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>body bgcolor<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"#f0ffff"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>h1 align<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"center"</span> id<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"biaotoucolor"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>欢迎使用Tomcat<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>h1<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>body<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>html<span style="color:#669900">></span>
</code></code></span>

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四、JSP项目发布

打开Servers视图：点击“窗口” ⟶ 选中“显示视图” ⟶ 点击“其他” ⟶ 展开“Server” 菜单，选中“Serves”，点击“打开” 便可以在Eclipse下方看到Servers视图。
发布JSP项目：点击Servers视图中的“No servers are available. Click this link to create a new server” 在向导中选择之前步骤中所添加的Tomcat服务器，然后添加所要发布的Web项目 ⟶ 选中Servers视图中的Tomcat服务器，右键，点击“Start” 完成JSP项目发布。

注：在发布JSP项目过程中报错“8080端口被占用”，可以通过运行cmd利用taskkill指令来解决，具体操作指令如下图：

五、JSP网页访问

通过虚拟机上的宿主浏览器进行访问，在浏览器地址栏输入localhost:8080/Web项目名称/JSP文件名称，如：localhost:8080/firstjsp/login.jsp。

JSP页面访问演示：
《JSP》JSP学习（一）——以虚拟机为平台发布、访问JSP网页

《JSP》JSP学习（一）——以虚拟机为平台发布、访问JSP网页

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