shell编程入门
本博文面向零基础，一步一步学shell编程，入门！
#!/bin/bash
echo "前进程号:"$$
echo "start"
sleep 10
kill $$
sleep 900000000
echo "end"
[[email protected] shell]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/bash
for ((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
echo $i
done
[[email protected] shell]# for.sh
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# more for1.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
do
echo $i
done
[[email protected] shell]# for1.sh
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# more for2.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in {0..9}
do
echo $i
done
[[email protected] shell]# for2.sh
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# more while.sh
#!/bin/bash
while [ $1 -gt 2 ]
do
echo "true"
sleep 1
done
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# more until.sh
#!/bin/bash
until [ $1 -gt 2 ]
do
echo "true"
sleep 1
done
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# more if.sh
#!/bin/bash
if [ $1 -eq 1 ]
then
echo 'one'
else
echo 'none'
fi
[[email protected] shell]# more if1.sh
#!/bin/bash
if [ $1 -eq 1 ]
then
echo 'one'
elif [ $1 -eq 2 ]
then
echo 'two'
elif [ $1 -eq 3 ]
then
echo 'three'
else
echo 'none'
fi
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# more case.sh
#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
1)
echo 'one'
;;
2)
echo 'two'
;;
3)
echo 'three'
;;
*)
echo 'none'
;;
esac
[[email protected] shell]# case.sh
none
[[email protected] shell]#
这里，我就在，/下新建shell目录，用来作为shell编程的入门。
[[email protected] /]# ls
bin data etc lib lost+found misc net proc sbin srv tmp var
boot dev home lib64 media mnt opt root selinux sys usr
[[email protected] /]# mkdir shell
[[email protected] /]# ls
bin data etc lib lost+found misc net proc sbin shell sys usr
boot dev home lib64 media mnt opt root selinux srv tmp var
[[email protected] /]# cd shell/
[[email protected] shell]# ll
total 0
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# ls
[[email protected] shell]# vim break1.sh
[[email protected] shell]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 79 Oct 22 09:15 break1.sh
[[email protected] shell]# chmod +x break1.sh
[[email protected] shell]# ll
total 4
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 79 Oct 22 09:15 break1.sh
[[email protected] shell]# cat break1.sh //如果变量i达到2，就跳出循环
#!/bin/bash
for ((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
break
fi
echo $i
done
[[email protected] shell]# break1.sh
-bash: break1.sh: command not found
[[email protected] shell]# ./break1.sh 因为，此刻，还没加入到环境变量
0
1
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# pwd
/shell
[[email protected] shell]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/shell/
[[email protected] shell]# source /etc/profile
[[email protected] shell]# break1.sh
0
1
[[email protected] shell]#
这样，就达到了。
现在，写，while循环在外，for循环在内。
[[email protected] shell]# ls
break1.sh break2.sh
[[email protected] shell]# cat break2.sh
#!/bin/bash
while [ 1 -eq 1 ]
do
for ((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
break
fi
echo $i
done
echo 'yes'
sleep 1
done
[[email protected] shell]# break2.sh
0
1
yes
0
1
yes
0
1
yes
0
1
yes
^C
[[email protected] shell]#
[[email protected] shell]# cat break3.sh
#!/bin/bash
while [ 1 -eq 1 ]
do
for ((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
break 2 //在这里，默认是1，写个2，则说的是跳出2层循环。
fi
echo $i
done
echo 'yes'
sleep 1
done
[[email protected] shell]# break3.sh
0
1
[[email protected] shell]#
跳出单循环
for((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
echo $i
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
break
fi
done
跳出内循环
while [ 1 -eq 1 ]
do
echo 'yes'
sleep 1
for((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
echo $i
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
break
fi
done
done
跳出外循环
while [ 1 -eq 1 ]
do
echo 'yes'
sleep 1
for((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
echo $i
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
break 2
fi
done
done
[[email protected] shell]# cat continue.sh
#/bin/bash
for ((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
if [ $i -eq 2 ]
then
continue
fi
echo $i
done
[[email protected] shell]# continue.sh
0
1
3
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5