初学者怎么用js写选项卡_初学者极客：我的PC是否需要图形卡？

初学者怎么用js写选项卡

There’s always a lot of chatter about computer graphics cards, thanks to bigger and better models every few months. It’s not always clear who actually needs one, though. Let’s take a look at what they are, and whether or not they’re a good fit for your PC.

由于每隔几个月就会有越来越大的型号，因此关于计算机图形卡的讨论总是很多。 不过，并不总是清楚谁真正需要一个。 让我们看看它们是什么，以及它们是否适合您的PC。

集成GPU和专用GPU之间的区别 (The Difference Between Integrated and Dedicated GPUs)

The headline of this article is a bit of a trick question, in a way. Every desktop and laptop computer needs a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) of some sort. Without a GPU, there would be no way to output an image to your display. The real crux of our inquiry today isn’t whether or not you need a GPU, but whether or not you need a a dedicated (or discrete) GPU, which most people refer to as a “graphics card”.

在某种程度上，本文的标题有点棘手。 每个台式机和笔记本电脑都需要某种类型的GPU(图形处理单元)。 没有GPU，就无法将图像输出到显示器。 今天，我们查询的真正症结不是您是否需要GPU，而是您是否需要一个专用的(或离散的)GPU，大多数人都将其称为“图形卡”。

集成GPU：一无所有的金钱和我们免费的像素 (Integrated GPUs: Money for Nothing and Our Pixels for Free)

Most motherboards these days come with GPUs integrated into the motherboard or even the CPU itself. For decades now, it’s been common for motherboard manufacturers to include a serviceable (albeit not particularly powerful) GPU built right into the chipset of the motherboard–no extra hardware required. Buy a motherboard, get a simple built-in GPU that can produce an image on your display. Within the last six years or so, that integrated GPU has been integrated into the CPU instead.

目前，大多数主板都将GPU集成到主板甚至CPU本身。 几十年来，母板制造商普遍在母板芯片组中内置可维护的(尽管不是特别强大)GPU，而无需额外的硬件。 购买主板，获得一个简单的内置GPU，可以在显示器上产生图像。 在过去的六年左右的时间里，该集成GPU已集成到CPU中。

Integrated GPUs are great because they’re free (and hassle-free). You don’t even have to think about them–just combine a consumer class motherboard and CPU (or buy a pre-assembled computer from a retailer like Dell or Best Buy) and, boom, you’ve got somewhere to plug in your monitor.

集成的GPU很棒，因为它们是免费的(而且没有麻烦)。 您甚至不必考虑它们-只需组合消费类主板和CPU(或从像Dell或Best Buy这样的零售商那里购买预组装的计算机)，繁荣起来，就有地方可以插入显示器了。

Integrated graphics are also very power efficient, since they use very little power beyond what the CPU was already using in the first place. And, thanks to their standardization, you’ll rarely run into any issues with drivers or compatibility. On a modern Windows machine, everything will just be taken care of for you.

集成显卡还具有很高的能效，因为它们消耗的功率远远超过了CPU最初使用的功率。 而且，由于它们的标准化，您几乎不会遇到驱动程序或兼容性的任何问题。 在现代Windows计算机上，一切都将由您来照顾。

Of course, integrated graphics have their downsides too. First, they’re weak. They’re intended for the demands of a desktop user who reads email, browses the web, drafts documents, not users who do more demanding things like games. Throw a modern game at an integrated GPU and it might stutter through it or, worse, just outright fail to load the game.

当然，集成显卡也有缺点。 首先，他们很虚弱。 它们旨在满足台式机用户的需求，这些用户可以阅读电子邮件，浏览网络，草拟文档，而不是从事诸如游戏等要求更高的用户。 将现代游戏扔到集成GPU上，可能会结结巴巴，或者更糟的是，完全无法加载游戏。

In addition, an integrated GPU shares all the resources the CPU shares, including your pool of RAM. This means any graphics-heavy task you throw at the integrated system, like rendering video, playing a current generation 3D video game, or the like, will consume a hefty chunk of your system resources and there might not be enough to go around.

此外，集成的GPU共享CPU共享的所有资源，包括您的RAM池。 这意味着您在集成系统上执行的大量图形任务(例如渲染视频，玩当前的3D视频游戏等)将消耗大量的系统资源，并且可能没有足够的处理能力。

专用GPU：以高价出售优质像素 (Dedicated GPUs: Premium Pixel Pushing at a Premium Price)

On the opposite side of the GPU spectrum, in terms of both price and performance, you’ll find dedicated GPUs. Dedicated GPUs, as the name implies, are separate pieces of hardware devoted exclusively to handling graphic processing. When you hear someone say “I bought a new video card for my computer” or “I need a new graphics card to play Super Soldier Simulator Shoot Shoot 9000“, they’re talking about a dedicated GPU.

在价格和性能方面，与GPU频谱相反，您会找到专用的GPU。 顾名思义，专用GPU是专门用于处理图形处理的独立硬件。 当您听到有人说“我为计算机购买了新的视频卡”或“我需要新的显卡才能播放《 超级士兵模拟器Shoot Shoot 9000 》”时，他们正在谈论专用的GPU。

The biggest benefit of a dedicated GPU is performance. Not only does a dedicated graphics card have a sophisticated computer chip designed explicitly for the task of processing video, the GPU, but it also has dedicated RAM for the task (which is typically faster and better optimized for the task than your general system RAM). This increase in power benefits not only the obvious tasks (like playing video games) but also makes tasks like processing images in Photoshop smoother and faster.

专用GPU的最大好处是性能。 专用图形卡不仅具有专门为处理视频任务而设计的复杂计算机芯片GPU，而且还具有用于任务的专用RAM(通常比常规系统RAM更快，更好地优化了任务)。 。 功率的增加不仅有益于明显的任务(如玩视频游戏)，而且使诸如在Photoshop中处理图像之类的任务更加顺畅和快捷。

In addition to radical performance increase, dedicated GPU cards also typically offer a wider and more modern variety of video ports than your motherboard. While your motherboard may only have a VGA and a DVI port, your dedicated GPU might have those ports plus an HDMI port or even duplicate ports (like two DVI ports, which allows you to easily hook up multiple monitors).

除了大幅提高性能外，专用GPU卡通常还提供比主板更广泛，更现代的视频端口。 虽然您的主板可能只有VGA和DVI端口，但专用的GPU可能有这些端口加上HDMI端口，甚至还有重复端口(例如两个DVI端口，可让您轻松连接多台显示器)。

Sounds good, right? Way better performance, ports, ports, and more ports, what could be better? While all those things are awesome, there’s no such thing as a free lunch. First and foremost, there’s the matter of cost. A midrange GPU can run anywhere from $250-500, and cutting edge models can cost up to $1000 (though they’re rarely worth the price to performance ratio they offer). If all you need is something simple to run two monitors, GPUs based off older designs will run you around $50-100.

听起来不错吧？ 通过更好的性能，端口，端口和更多端口，还有什么更好的选择？ 尽管所有这些事情都很棒，但是没有免费的午餐之类的东西。 首先，是成本问题。 一个中端GPU的价格在250-500美元之间，而最先进的GPU的价格则高达1000美元(尽管它们很少物有所值)。 如果您只需要简单的操作两个显示器，基于较早设计的GPU即可为您带来$ 50-100的收益。

On top of that, you need a free expansion slot on your computer’s motherboard–and not just any old slot, but a PCI-Express x16 slot (seen above) for the vast majority of cards, as well as a Power Supply Unit with both enough wattage to spare (GPUs are power hungry) and the proper power connectors for your GPU (if it is beefy enough to require more power than the PCI slot can provide).

最重要的是，您需要在计算机主板上有一个免费的扩展插槽-不仅是任何旧插槽，而且还需要一个用于绝大多数卡的PCI-Express x16插槽(如上所示)，以及一个电源供应器，包括足够的功率以备不时之需(GPU会耗电)以及适合您的GPU的电源连接器(如果足够坚固，需要的功率超过PCI插槽所能提供的功率)。

Speaking of power use, increased power draw in electronics means increased heat–there’s a reason high end GPUs have huge fans to keep them cool. Be prepared for more noise and more heat–you may even need to upgrade your case and/or case fans in order to keep things cooler. Even if you don’t need to upgrade your case for airflow you may need to upgrade your case just for space–the last GPU we purchased just barely fit in our mid-tower PC case and even a fraction of an inch extra length on the GPU heat sink would have necessitated an upgrade.

说到功耗，电子设备中功耗的增加就意味着热量的增加–这是高端GPU具有巨大风扇以保持散热的原因。 为更多的噪音和更多的热量做好准备-您甚至可能需要升级机箱和/或机箱风扇，以使机箱保持凉爽。 即使您不需要为气流而升级机箱，您也可能只需要为空间升级机箱–我们购买的最后一个GPU 几乎不能容纳我们的中塔式PC机箱，甚至在机箱上也只有一英寸的额外长度GPU散热器需要升级。

那么，您是否需要专用的GPU？ (So Do You Need a Dedicated GPU?)

So now you know how a dedicated GPU compares to its integrated cousin, but when should you make the jump to a dedicated graphics card?

因此，现在您知道专用GPU与集成表亲的比较情况，但是什么时候应该跳转到专用显卡？

While the process of picking a specific graphics card over any other graphics card is fairly complex and you may spend quite a bit of time comparing stats and wringing your hands hoping you’re getting the best possible deal, the process of deciding whether you need an dedicated GPU in the first place is pretty darn simple. Let’s look at the two questions that really matter in the decision process.

尽管在其他任何图形卡上选择特定图形卡的过程相当复杂，并且您可能会花费大量时间比较统计数据并费力地希望您能获得最好的交易，但该过程将决定您是否需要首先，专用GPU非常简单。 让我们看一下在决策过程中真正重要的两个问题。

您当前的设置可以处理您使用的游戏和以图形为中心的应用程序吗？ (Can Your Current Setup Handle the Games and Graphic-Centered Apps You Use?)

The first and foremost reason people get a dedicated GPU is for gaming. You don’t need a dedicated GPU for watching video (even razor sharp HD video). You don’t need a dedicated GPU for email, word processing, or any Office suite type apps. You don’t even need a GPU for playing older games, as today’s integrated graphics are far better than the dedicated video cards of decades past.

人们获得专用GPU的首要原因是游戏。 您不需要专用的GPU来观看视频(甚至是非常清晰的高清视频)。 您不需要专用的GPU来处理电子邮件，文字处理或任何Office套件类型的应用程序。 您甚至不需要GPU即可玩较早的游戏，因为当今的集成显卡远远优于几十年来的专用视频卡。

You do, however, need a dedicated GPU for playing calculation-intensive modern 3D titles in all their silky smooth glory. Want to play Skyrim with dozens of mods and add-ons while still enjoying butter smooth travel through the fantasy realm? You need a decent dedicated GPU. Want to buy any top-tier title that comes out this year and enjoy stutter-free playback on your new 4K monitor? You need a great dedicated GPU.

但是，您确实需要一个专用的GPU来播放计算密集型的现代3D字幕，而它们的丝般柔滑的光彩。 是否想在玩《 天际》中有数十个模组和附加组件的同时仍能畅游奇幻世界？ 您需要一个不错的专用GPU。 想要购买今年发行的任何顶级游戏并在新的4K显示器上享受流畅播放的效果吗？ 您需要一个出色的专用GPU。

Graphics cards are useful for some non-gamers, too. If you do a lot of photo editing (not just cropping and fixing the white balance type stuff, but intense Photoshop work), video editing, or any kind of rendering (3D art, design, etc.), then you’ll certainly get a boost from a dedicated GPU. Tasks in Photoshop like filter application, warping/transforming, and so on, all benefit from the extra power a GPU provides.

图形卡对某些非游戏者也很有用。 如果您进行了大量的照片编辑(不仅是裁剪和修复白平衡类型的东西，还包括大量的Photoshop工作)，视频编辑或任何类型的渲染(3D艺术，设计等)，那么您肯定会得到的专用GPU的推动。 Photoshop中的任务(例如滤镜应用程序，变形/变换等)都受益于GPU提供的额外功能。

您当前的设置可以支持您想要的监视器数量吗？ (Can Your Current Setup Support the Number of Monitors You Want?)

Although most people buy a GPU for gaming, there’s also a sizable (albeit much smaller) number of people who buy a dedicated graphics card in order to expand how many monitors their computer will support.

尽管大多数人购买用于游戏的GPU，但也有相当数量(尽管要小得多)的人购买了专用图形卡以扩大计算机支持的显示器数量。

Without a dedicated graphics card, adding extra monitors to your computer is kind of a crapshoot. Some motherboards support using multiple video ports–e.g. the motherboard has a VGA and a DVI port and you can toggle a setting in the BIOS to use both of them–but most motherboards don’t. Other motherboards will allow you to keep the integrated graphics turned on and add in a lower-end dedicated GPU so you can score an extra port, but many don’t (and even when that trick works it can be a royal pain to get two totally different GPU chipsets working in parallel).

如果没有专用的图形卡，则在计算机上添加额外的显示器有点麻烦。 一些主板支持使用多个视频端口-例如，主板具有VGA和DVI端口，您可以在BIOS中切换设置以使用它们两者-但大多数主板则不支持。 其他主板将允许您保持集成显卡的打开状态，并添加一个低端专用GPU，以便您可以增加一个端口的数量，但很多端口却不行(即使这种方法行得通，获得两个完全不同的GPU芯片组并行工作)。

The solution for the multi-monitor lovers is a dedicated GPU that sports enough video ports for the number of monitors they wish to use. In the case of my own desktop setup, as an example, I wanted three 1080p monitors, and I didn’t want any of those monitors connected via old analog VGA connections. To that end, I needed a dedicated GPU with three or more digital (DVI, HDMI, etc.) connections.

针对多显示器爱好者的解决方案是专用的GPU，该GPU具有足够的视频端口以适应他们希望使用的显示器数量。 例如，在我自己的桌面设置中，我需要三台1080p显示器，并且我不希望通过旧的模拟VGA连接来连接任何这些显示器。 为此，我需要一个具有三个或更多数字(DVI，HDMI等)连接的专用GPU。

If you want to run two or more monitors without taxing your computer, fiddling with BIOS settings, or resorting to animal sacrifice to make your monitor dreams a reality, the easiest way to do so is to simply buy a card that supports your monitor setup right out of the box. It doesn’t need to be an expensive one–just one that has the number and type of ports you need.

如果您想运行两个或更多显示器而不用给计算机加税，不喜欢BIOS设置或不惜牺牲动物来实现显示器梦想，那么最简单的方法就是简单地购买支持显示器设置的卡盒子外面。 不需要昂贵的设备，只需拥有所需端口数量和类型的设备即可。

Image Credits: Nvidia, Jason Fitzpatrick, GBPublic_PR, Smial, Jason Fitzpatrick, Brett Morrison.

图片来源：Nvidia，Jason Fitzpatrick， GBPublic_PR ， Smial ，Jason Fitzpatrick， Brett Morrison 。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/268899/beginner-geek-do-i-need-a-graphics-card/

初学者怎么用js写选项卡